Risk-framing governmentalities in a changing climate: political rationalities and discursive fields

Carrión, Andrea; Rebotier, Julien

doi:10.1590/0034-761220240429

person Andrea Carrión *

Conceptualization (Equal) · Data curation (Lead) · Formal Analysis (Lead) · Investigation (Lead) · Methodology (Equal) · Supervision (Lead) · Validation (Equal) · Visualization (Lead) · Writing - original draft (Lead) · Writing - review & editing (Equal) Ph.D. in Geography from Carleton University; Partnerships, Projects, and International Mobility Coordinator and Guest Professor in the Department of Economics, Environment, and Territory at the Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences, FLACSO Ecuador

schoolFacultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO Ecuador), Departamento de Economía, Ambiente y Territorio, Coordinación de Alianzas, Proyectos y Movilidad Internacional, Quito, Ecuador

0000-0003-3817-3815

person Julien Rebotier

Conceptualization (Equal) · Data curation (Supporting) · Formal Analysis (Support) · Investigation (Supporting) · Methodology (Equal) · Supervision (Supporting) · Validation (Equal) · Visualization (Supporting) · Writing - original draft (Supporting) · Writing - review & editing (Equal) Ph.D. in Geography, graduate of the Institute of Advanced Studies for Latin America (Paris - Sorbonne Nouvelle University); Full-time Researcher at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS); Director of the TREE Laboratory - UMR 6031 (Bayonne, Pau)

schoolCentro Nacional de Investigación Científica, Departamento de Transiciones Energéticas y Medioambientales, Bayonne, France

0000-0002-4382-3862

E-mail:
acarrionh@flacso.edu.ec

E-mail:
julien.rebotier@cnrs.fr

person* Autor Correspondiente

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Editor-in-chief:

Alketa Peci, Fundação Getulio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-1744

Guest Editors:

Osmany Porto de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-5784

Guest Editors:

Antoine Maillet, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4607-3964

Country	Technologies of Government	Disaster Risk Management	Climate Change Adaptation
Bolivia	Institutional Framework:	● National Council for Risk Reduction and Disaster/Emergency Response - CONARADE	● Plurinational Authority of Mother Earth
		● National System for Risk Reduction and Disaster/Emergency Response - SISRADE	● Ministry of Environment and Water
		● Ministry of Defense, Vice Ministry of Civil Defense - VIDECI
	Regulatory Frameworks, Public Policies, and Guidelines on Territorial Planning	● Risk Management Law (Law 602, 2014)	● Framework Law of Mother Earth and Integral Development for Living Well (Law 300, 2012)
		● National Disaster Risk Management Program of Bolivia (2017)	● Plurinational Climate Change Policy (2023); Nationally Determined Contribution 2021-2030 (2022)
		● Basic Guidelines and Tools for the Development of Municipal Emergency Plans (2016)	● Methodological Guidelines for the Formulation of Community Territorial Management Plans for Living Well (2016)
Colombia	Institutional Framework:	● National Council for Disaster Risk Management	● Intersectoral Commission on Climate Change (CICC)
		● National System for Disaster Risk Management	● National Climate Change System (SISCLIMA)
		● National Office for Disaster Risk Management	● National Authority: Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development
	Regulatory Frameworks, Public Policies, and Guidelines on Territorial Planning	● National Disaster Risk Management Policy and Law of the National Risk Management System (Law 1523, 2012)	● Guidelines for Climate Change Management (Law 1931, 2018); Climate Action Law (Law 2169, 2021)
		● National Disaster Risk Management Plan 2015-2030 (updated 2023)	● Nationally Determined Contribution (2020), National Adaptation Plan (2016)
		● Guide for the Integration of Disaster Risk Management in Territorial Development Plans 2020-2023; Guide for the Integration of Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change Adaptation in Territorial Development Plans (2024)	● Guide for the Formulation and Implementation of Territorial Climate Change Management Plans (2022); Technical Guide for the Integration of Climate Variability with Disaster Risk Management at the Territorial Level (2018); Guide for the Integration of Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change Adaptation in Territorial Development Plans (2024)
Ecuador	Institutional Framework:	● National Committee for Risk Reduction; Emergency Operations Committee	● Interinstitutional Committee on Climate Change
		● National Decentralized System for Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management	● National Authority: Ministry of Environment, Water, and Ecological Transition (MAATE)
		● National Secretariat for Risk Management
	Regulatory Frameworks, Public Policies, and Guidelines on Territorial Planning	● Organic Law for Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management (ROS 488, 2024)	● Organic Environmental Code (2017)
		● National Comprehensive Security Plan - Specific Risk Management Plan 2019-2030 (2019)	● National Climate Change Strategy 2012-2025 (2013); Nationally Determined Contribution (2019), National Adaptation Plan 2023-2027 (2023)
		● Guidelines for the Inclusion of Disaster Risk Management in Development and Land Use Plans (PDOT) (2019)	● Guidelines for Climate Change Plans in Autonomous Governments (MAATE, 2014); Toolkit for the Integration of Climate Change Criteria in Development and Land Use Plans (MAATE, 2019)
Peru	Institutional Framework:	● National Council for Disaster Risk Management	● High Level Commission on Climate Change
		● National Disaster Risk Management System (SINAGERD)	● Ministry of the Environment of Peru (MINAM)
		● Secretariat for Disaster Risk Management (SGRD)
	Regulatory Frameworks, Public Policies, and Guidelines on Territorial Planning	● Law of the National Disaster Risk Management System (SINAGERD) (Law 29664, 2011)	● Framework Law on Climate Change (Law 30754, 2018)
		● National Disaster Risk Management Policy - 2050 (2021); National Disaster Risk Management Plan (PLANAGERD) (2022)	● National Climate Change Strategy (2015), Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) (2020), National Climate Change Adaptation Plan of Peru (PNA) (2020)
		● Methodological Guide for Developing Disaster Prevention and Risk Reduction Plans at the Three Levels of Government (2016)	● Methodological Guidelines for the Formulation and Update of Local Climate Change Plans (2022)

Political Rationalities	Discursive Fields (reflections, objectives, and aspirations, including moral justifications for appropriate political conduct).	Government Technologies (programs, calculations, techniques, apparatuses, documents, and procedures)	Multilevel Strategic Action Fields (including epistemic disputes at the local level, not visible in normative instruments)
Evidence-Based Decision-Making	Scientific knowledge is necessary to assess, understand, and manage risks in accordance with future climate scenarios.	Information systems for prospective modeling	Collaborative approaches to improve the science-policy interface
		Medium- and long-term planning instruments	Ontological disputes and languages that revalue the rights of nature and Mother Earth (Pachamama)
		Monitoring, reporting, and verification of climate commitments
Urgency of Climate Action	Climate emergency is the greatest economic, social, and environmental threat facing the planet and humanity. Urgent commitment is required to increase climate ambition to ensure a habitable future.	Global commitments	Pragmatic interventions focused on concrete environmental problems (e.g., nature-based solutions, ecosystem-based adaptation)
		National regulatory frameworks
		Local capacity development
		"Act Now" campaigns
Common but Differentiated Responsibilities	Common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities come in place to address for the adverse effects and economic burden of global warming.	Climate financing to support mitigation and adaptation	Socio-environmental conflicts to denounce green capitalism or extractivism associated with the energy transition
		Risk transfer mechanisms
Compensation for Loss and Damage	Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of communities and individuals, who require compensation for loss and damage.	Early warning systems	Social mobilization for environmental justice
		Assessment of economic and non-economic losses
		Loss and damage fund	Strategic climate litigation

[TFN4] Note: The table includes the institutional frameworks providing strategic guidance, as well as national regulations, public policies, and guidelines for integrating DRM and CCA in subnational government planning, in force as of 2024.

[TFN5] Source: Elaborated by the authors.