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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Sumário

Original article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum 21 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e55149 copiar

Associação entre diabetes, hipertensão, atividades da vida diária e atividade física entre idosos usuários de serviços de atenção primária à saúde

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi estimar a prevalência auto-reportada de hipertensãoe diabetes entre idosos usuários das unidades de atenção primária à saúde de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil, e investigar a associação entre estas condições crônicas e a atividade física e o grau de independência na realização das atividades da vida diária. O estudo incluiu 357 participantes com idade de 60 anos ou mais. A classificação da atividade física baseou-se no International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), e o Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (PFAQ) foi aplicado para avaliar a realizaçãodas atividades da vida diária. Prevalência de diabetes foi associada com o nível de atividade física, a autopercepção da saúde e o grau de independência na realização das atividades da vida diária. Não foram encontradas associações significantes entre a prevalência de hipertensão e estas variáveis. Estes achados reforçam a relevância de estratégias contínuas de manejo da diabetes nas unidades de atenção primária à saúde, baseadas na promoção de atividades físicas e ocupacionais.

Palavras-chave
Atividades cotidianas; Atividade física; Diabetes; Hipertensão; Idosos

			DM prevalence			AH prevalence
Variables	Total	n	%	PR (95%CI)	n	%	PR (95%CI)
Sex
Women	224	55	24.6	Ref.	139	62.1	Ref.
Men	133	38	28.6	1.2 (0.8 - 1.7)	71	53.4	0.8 (0.6 - 1.0)
Age groups (years)
60 - 65	93	23	24.7	Ref.	47	50.5	Ref.
66 - 74	156	45	28.9	1.1 (0.7 - 1.8)	91	58.3	1.2 (0.9 - 1.5)
75 or more	108	25	23.1	0.9 (0.5 - 1.5)	72	66.7	1.3 (1.1 - 1.7)*
Private health insurance
No	303	77	25.4	Ref.	178	58.8	Ref.
Yes	54	16	29.6	1.2 (0.8 - 1.7)	32	59.3	1.0 (0.7 - 1.3)
Educational level
No schooling	25	8	32.0	Ref.	18	72.0	Ref.
Elementary school	238	60	25.2	0.7 (0.3 - 1.3)	146	61.3	0.9 (0.7 - 1.2)
Intermediate school	68	21	30.9	0.9 (0.4 - 1.8)	36	52.9	0.8 (0.5 - 1.1)
Higher education	26	4	15.4	0.4 (0.1 - 1.3)	10	38.5	0.5 (0.3 - 1.0)
Marital status
Single	28	7	25.0	Ref.	12	42.9	Ref.
Married	197	53	26.9	1.1 (0.5 - 2.1)	117	59.4	1.5 (0.9 - 2.3)
Divorced	48	11	22.9	0.9 (0.3 - 2.1)	27	56.3	1.4 (0.8 - 2.3)
Widowed	84	22	26.2	1.1 (0.5 - 2.4)	54	64.3	1.4 (0.8 - 2.2)
Socioeconomic status
A, B1 or B2	92	22	23.9	Ref.	50	54.4	Ref.
C1	115	35	30.4	1.3 (0.8 - 2.0)	69	60.0	1.1 (0.8 - 1.3)
C2	95	16	16.8	0.6 (0.3 - 1.2)	63	66.3	1.2 (0.9 - 1.5)
D or E	55	20	36.4	1.6 (0.9 - 2.6)	28	50.9	0.9 (0.6 - 1.2)
Self-perception of health
Good	150	19	12.7	Ref.	70	46.7	Ref.
Regular	153	51	33.3	3.0 (1.8 - 4.8)*	105	68.6	1.4 (1.1 - 1.8)
Poor	54	23	42.6	3.6 (2.1 - 6.1)*	35	64.8	1.3 (1.0 - 1.8)
Smoking status
Current smoker	54	12	22.2	Ref.	26	48.2	Ref.
Exsmoker	110	31	28.2	1.2 (0.6 - 2.2)	62	56.4	1.2 (0.8 - 1.6)
Nonsmoker	193	50	25.9	1.8 (0.6 - 2.1)	122	63.2	1.3 (0.9 - 1.7)
IPAQ level
High	103	20	19.4	Ref.	58	56.3	Ref.
Moderate	196	50	25.5	1.3 (0.8 - 2.1)	116	59.2	1.0 (0.8 - 1.3)
Low	58	23	39.7	2.1 (1.2 - 3.5)*	36	62.1	1.0 (0.7 - 1.3)
Use of any device
No	332	86	25.9	Ref.	193	58.1	Ref.
Yes	25	7	28.0	1.1 (0.5 - 2.1)	17	68.0	1.1 (0.8 - 1.5)
Limitation due to pain
Never	143	32	22.4	Ref.	75	52.5	Ref.
Rarely	36	9	25.0	1.2 (0.6 - 2.3)	24	66.7	1.2 (0.8 - 1.6)
Occasionally	73	22	30.1	1.4 (0.8 - 2.3)	44	60.3	1.1 (0.8 - 1.4)
Oftentimes	47	9	19.2	0.8 (0.4 - 1.7)	27	57.5	1.1 (0.8 - 1.5)
Always	58	21	36.2	1.8 (1.1 - 2.9)*	40	69.0	1.2 (0.9 - 1.6)
Functional impairment (PFAQ)
No (score ≤ 5)	290	70	24.1	Ref.	166	57.2	Ref.
Yes (score > 5)	67	23	34.2	1.5 (1.1 - 2.2)*	44	65.7	1.1 (0.8 - 1.3)

	Participants who did not reported DM				Participants who reported DM
Age groups (years)	n	Mean (SD)	Min-Max	n	Mean (SD)	Min-Max	P value
60 - 65	70	1.86 (3.15)	0 - 19	23	2.70 (3.60)	0 - 13	0.10
66 - 74	111	2.69 (3.58)	0 - 18	45	2.84 (4.40)	0 - 26	0.99
75 or more	83	3.87 (4.45)	0 - 20	25	7.48 (6.94)	0 - 25	<0.01

	Participants who did not reported AH				Participants who reported AH
Age groups (years)	n	Mean (SD)	Min-Max	n	Mean (SD)	Min-Max	P value
60 - 65	46	2.09 (3.66)	0 - 19	47	2.04 (2.87)	0 - 11	0.76
66 - 74	65	2.25 (3.09)	0 - 16	91	3.09 (4.25)	0 - 26	0.60
75 or more	36	4.67 (5.87)	0 - 25	72	4.72 (5.07)	0 - 19	0.95

			DM prevalence
Activities of daily living	Total	n	%	PR (95%CI)
1. Writing checks, paying bills, or keeping financial records
Have no dependency	252	63	25.0	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	105	30	28.6	1.2 (0.8 - 1.7)
2. Assembling tax records, business affairs, or papers
Have no dependency	194	46	23.7	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	163	47	28.8	1.2 (0.8 - 1.7)
3. Shopping alone for clothes, household necessities, and groceries
Have no dependency	310	74	23.9	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	47	19	40.4	1.8 (1.1 - 2.7)*
4. Playing a game of skill, working on a hobby
Have no dependency	289	69	23.9	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	68	24	35.3	1.5 (1.1 - 2.3)*
5. Heat water, make a cup of coffee, turn off stove
Have no dependency	334	85	25.4	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	23	8	34.8	1.4 (0.7 - 2.5)
6. Preparing a balanced meal
Have no dependency	325	85	26.2	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	32	8	25.0	0.9 (0.4 - 1.8)
7. Keeping track of current events
Have no dependency	329	82	24.9	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	28	11	39.3	1.7 (1.0 - 2.8)
8. Paying attention to, understanding, discussing TV, book, magazine
Have no dependency	319	80	25.1	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	38	13	34.2	1.4 (0.8 - 2.3)
9. Remembering appointments, family occasions, holidays, medications
Have no dependency	253	58	22.9	.
Have some degree of dependency	104	35	33.7	1.5 (1.1 - 2.1)*
10. Traveling out of neighborhood, driving, arranging to take buses
Have no dependency	301	75	24.9	Ref.
Have some degree of dependency	56	18	32.1	1.4 (0.9 - 2.2)

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