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The impact of full-day education on the labor force participation of mothers and children: An impact evaluation of Programa Mais Educação using a regression discontinuity approach

Abstract:

Extending the school day has been one of the key elements of public education reform in Brazil and several other Latin American countries in recent years. We investigated the impact of a policy that financed the extension of school schedules from half to full days in Brazil on different maternal and child labor participation outcomes. To this end, we explored the discontinuity in the PME prioritization criteria implemented in 2012. In that year, the Ministry of Education started to favor schools with more than 50% of students as beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program (PBF). Our database consists of information on about 1 million families with children enrolled in the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th years in the public education system in the state of São Paulo in 2012. Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that increasing the length of the daily school schedule had no impact on mothers’ or children’s labor decisions. To improve the robustness of our results, we also evaluated the program’s effects using a difference-in-differences approach. Again, we found no evidence of a significant effect of extending the school day on labor decisions. Our paper reinforces the need for a significant redesign of this policy.

Keywords:
Education; Full Day Schooling; Female Labor Participation; Child Labor; Impact Evaluation; Regression Discontinuity

Universidade de Brasília. Instituto de Ciência Política Instituto de Ciência Política, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro - Gleba A Asa Norte, 70904-970 Brasília - DF Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3107-0777 , Cel.: (55 61) 3107 0780 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: rbcp@unb.br