Soil micromorphological studies enable a detailed observation of the modifications in soil pore structure and space imposed by cultivation and agricultural machinery traffic. This study tested the hypothesis that compaction caused by machinery affects the form and class distribution of pores in a distinct way and that such alterations can be used as soil quality indicators. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and quantify, through micromorphological studies, the modifications in porosity caused by biological activity (biopores) in a Red-Yellow Latosol (Oxisol) under an orange orchard subjected to machinery traffic. Undisturbed samples were collected from the surface soil layer (0-12 cm) in the following positions: in-between wheel tracks (ER), wheel tracks (R) and plant canopy projection (PC). For comparison purposes, samples were also collected from a soil profile under natural vegetation. Results showed that the increase in pore diversity is directly related to the process of soil structure degradation. The study of pore classes was more effective to identify soil compaction in its initial state than soil density data.
Oxisol; micromorphology; soil compaction; pore space distribution
