The astronomy study in basic education, especially for elementary school children, presents challenges that go beyond the training of teachers and the availability of equipment. One difficulty lies in the fact that activities occur predominantly in the daytime period, which imposes limitations on astronomical observation activities. However, the observation of the Sun creates possibilities for daytime experimentation that allows the study of important concepts related to astronomy and geometry. In general, this activity also provides an understanding of the movement of other stars on the celestial sphere. The main objective of this work is to present didactic resources for astronomy teaching. The target audience are the professors of teachers, especially in the areas of natural sciences, mathematics and physics. This article shows some low cost methodologies to perform analyzes of the movement of the Sun, from photographs or direct measurements of the image of the Sun projected by a small mirror. Through the analysis of the movement of the Sun in the sky we obtained results of interest for astronomy like the angular aperture of the Sun and the local latitude. The results of these measures agree with data available in the literature.
Keywords:
science and mathematics teaching; daytime astronomy; angular aperture of the Sun; latitude measurement
