Towards better understanding of the second law of thermodynamics

Abstract

The central idea of this article is to call attention for the use of the T x S diagram in the description of reversible heat engines. This diagram is an extremely suitable and efficient way for teaching the second law of thermodynamics, following the Kelvin formulation. The conjugated pairs (PV) or (TS) are equivalent in the description of the reversible thermodynamic processes, however one choice is more appropriate than the other when one intends to point out the universality of this law and not to restrict the analysis to a specific operating substance like the ideal gas.