Quantum Mechanics 120 years: An approach based on measurement and symmetry

In this paper, the quantum mechanics is presented from general constitutive elements with emphasis on the experimental aspects that support the theory. This approach establishes as starting points the definitions of reference systems and the structure of the space time, the nature of symmetries and reference systems, the notion of state and the causal relationships between different states, which leads to the Schrödinger equation. A crucial aspect is that the quantum mechanics is decoded as a field theory, in which meaning the concept of material point is described. The approach has been successfully applied in post-graduate courses of the National Professional Master?s Degree in Physics Teaching and proves very efficient in discussing the fundamentals of quantum mechanics, in particular as the experimental pillars of the theory.

Keywords
Quantum Mechanics; Symmetries; Galilei Group; Field Theory