Pincer wasps (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from Chile: first checklist, identification key, and new distribution records

Dryinidae, commonly known as pincer wasps, are parasitoids that attack both nymphs and adults of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera). In the Neotropical region, their diversity is considered largely underestimated, making it one of the most species-rich regions for this family worldwide. This study presents the first comprehensive checklist of Dryinidae species from Chile, comprising 15 species distributed across six genera and four subfamilies: Aphelopinae, Aphelopus (3 spp.); Anteoninae, Deinodryinus (3 spp.), Metanteon (1 sp.); Apodryininae, Apodryinus (1 sp.); Gonatopodinae, Gonatopus (6 spp.), and Haplogonatopus (1 sp.). New distribution records are reported for Deinodryinus nigrorufus and Gonatopus chilensis, expanding their known ranges within the country. For each species, we provide extended diagnoses and updated distribution maps. For D. nigrorufus and G. chilensis, we also present high-resolution images, including scanning electron micrographs, for the first time. An illustrated identification key to all Chilean Dryinidae is also provided. By addressing critical gaps in the knowledge of South American Dryinidae, this work offers a valuable foundation for future taxonomic and faunistic studies in the region.

Keywords:
Aphelopus; Apodryinus; Chilean fauna; Deinodryinus; Gonatopus; Haplogonatopus; Metanteon; Taxonomy