Description and life history of a new cecidogenous species of   <i>Palaeomystella</i> Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) from Brazil

Male, female, pupa, and last-instar larva of Palaeomystella beckeri (Moreira and Basilio) a new species from the Atlantic forest, southern Brazil, are described and illustrated with the aid of optical and scanning electron microscopy. Larvae induce galls on apical branches of Tibouchina trichopoda (DC.) Baill. (Melastomataceae) within which pupation occurs. Gall description and preliminary data on life history are also provided.

Keywords
Momphines; Momphid moths; Plant galls; Tibouchina ; Melastomataceae; Neotropical region

Authorship

Daniel Silva Basilio

Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Mirna Martins Casagrande

Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilDepartamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Sérgio Augusto Loreto Bordignon

Programa de Mestrado em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, RS, BrazilCentro Universitário La SalleBrazilCanoas, RS, BrazilPrograma de Mestrado em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil

Gilson Rudinei Pires Moreira ^** Corresponding author. E-mail: gilson.moreira@ufrgs.br (G.R.P. Moreira).

Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilDepartamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

* Corresponding author. E-mail: gilson.moreira@ufrgs.br (G.R.P. Moreira).

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (7)

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Figs. 1-5
Palaeomystella beckeri adult: (1, 3) head and thorax, dorsal and ventral views, respectively; (2) resting female with wings folded, latero-dorsal; (4) spread right wings of pinned male, dorsal; (5) female abdomen, ventral. Scale bars = 0.2, 0.2, 1, 1 and 0.4 mm, respectively.

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Figs. 6-17
Palaeomystella beckeri adult morphology: (6) wing venation; (7) uncus, lateral view; (8) male valva, mesolateral; (9) male eighth sternum, ventral; (10) transtilla, dorsal; (11) juxta, ventral; (12) aedeagus with attached juxta (asterisk), lateral; (13) male genitalia, lateral (arrow and asterisk indicate transtilla and juxta, respectively); (14) male genitalia, ventral (transtilla, aedeagus and juxta are omitted); (15) female ostium bursae, ventral (asterisk and arrow indicate ostium bursae margin and adjacent semi-circular, melanized area of antrum, respectively); (16) female genitalia, lateral; (17) female genitalia, ventral (ductus and corpus bursae are omitted). Scale bars = 1 mm; 100, 100, 200, 100, 100, 100, 200, 200, 50, 250 and 250 μm, respectively.

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Figs. 18-21
Palaeomystella beckeri last larval instar: (18) cephalic chaetotaxy, frontal view; (19) thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy, lateral; (20) head and prothoracic shield, dorsal; (21) body, lateral. Scale bars = 500 μm, 1 mm, respectively.

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Figs. 22-33
Scanning electron micrographs of Palaeomystella beckerilast larval instar: (22) head, dorsal view; (23) head and prothorax, lateral; (24) labrum, mandible and antena, lateral; (25) maxilla, lateral; (26) spinneret, lateral; (27) stemmata, lateral; (28) prothoracic shield, dorsal; (29) thoracic leg, postero-lateral; (30) tarsal claw, postero-lateral; (31) prothoracic spiracle; (32) prothoracic lateral setae; (33) pseudopodium on abdominal segment A3, antero-lateral (arrow indicates chochets). Scale bars = 200, 200, 50, 20, 20, 50, 200, 50, 10, 50, 50 and 50 μm, respectively.

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Figs. 34-36
Palaeomystella beckeri pupa, in dorsal (34), ventral (35) and lateral (36) views, respectively. Scale bar = 1 mm.

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Figs. 37-43
Scanning electron micrographs of Palaeomystella beckeripupa: (37) head, ventral view; (38, 39) cephalic setae, on frons and clypeus, respectively (enlarged areas in A); (40) spiracle on abdominal segment A3; (41, 42) cremaster, in dorsal view (41), apical process in detail (42) and lateral view (43). Scale bars = 200, 25, 20, 20, 20, 10 and 50 μm, respectively.

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Figs. 44-49
Life history of Palaeomystella beckeri: (44) host-plant [Tibouchina trichopoda (DC.) Baill. (Melastomataceae)]; (45) galls on T. trichopoda branch; (46) gall in detail, showing exit orifice (pointed by arrow); (47) middle sectioned gall, showing larval chamber; (48) dissected gall, showing last-instar larva weaving cocoon; (49) detail of area pointed by arrrow in (48). Scale bars = 5 mm.

Figs. 1-5 Palaeomystella beckeri adult: (1, 3) head and thorax, dorsal and ventral views, respectively; (2) resting female with wings folded, latero-dorsal; (4) spread right wings of pinned male, dorsal; (5) female abdomen, ventral. Scale bars = 0.2, 0.2, 1, 1 and 0.4 mm, respectively.

Figs. 6-17 Palaeomystella beckeri adult morphology: (6) wing venation; (7) uncus, lateral view; (8) male valva, mesolateral; (9) male eighth sternum, ventral; (10) transtilla, dorsal; (11) juxta, ventral; (12) aedeagus with attached juxta (asterisk), lateral; (13) male genitalia, lateral (arrow and asterisk indicate transtilla and juxta, respectively); (14) male genitalia, ventral (transtilla, aedeagus and juxta are omitted); (15) female ostium bursae, ventral (asterisk and arrow indicate ostium bursae margin and adjacent semi-circular, melanized area of antrum, respectively); (16) female genitalia, lateral; (17) female genitalia, ventral (ductus and corpus bursae are omitted). Scale bars = 1 mm; 100, 100, 200, 100, 100, 100, 200, 200, 50, 250 and 250 μm, respectively.

Figs. 18-21 Palaeomystella beckeri last larval instar: (18) cephalic chaetotaxy, frontal view; (19) thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy, lateral; (20) head and prothoracic shield, dorsal; (21) body, lateral. Scale bars = 500 μm, 1 mm, respectively.

Figs. 22-33 Scanning electron micrographs of Palaeomystella beckerilast larval instar: (22) head, dorsal view; (23) head and prothorax, lateral; (24) labrum, mandible and antena, lateral; (25) maxilla, lateral; (26) spinneret, lateral; (27) stemmata, lateral; (28) prothoracic shield, dorsal; (29) thoracic leg, postero-lateral; (30) tarsal claw, postero-lateral; (31) prothoracic spiracle; (32) prothoracic lateral setae; (33) pseudopodium on abdominal segment A3, antero-lateral (arrow indicates chochets). Scale bars = 200, 200, 50, 20, 20, 50, 200, 50, 10, 50, 50 and 50 μm, respectively.

Figs. 34-36 Palaeomystella beckeri pupa, in dorsal (34), ventral (35) and lateral (36) views, respectively. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figs. 37-43 Scanning electron micrographs of Palaeomystella beckeripupa: (37) head, ventral view; (38, 39) cephalic setae, on frons and clypeus, respectively (enlarged areas in A); (40) spiracle on abdominal segment A3; (41, 42) cremaster, in dorsal view (41), apical process in detail (42) and lateral view (43). Scale bars = 200, 25, 20, 20, 20, 10 and 50 μm, respectively.

Figs. 44-49 Life history of Palaeomystella beckeri: (44) host-plant [Tibouchina trichopoda (DC.) Baill. (Melastomataceae)]; (45) galls on T. trichopoda branch; (46) gall in detail, showing exit orifice (pointed by arrow); (47) middle sectioned gall, showing larval chamber; (48) dissected gall, showing last-instar larva weaving cocoon; (49) detail of area pointed by arrrow in (48). Scale bars = 5 mm.

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Description and life history of a new cecidogenous species of <i>Palaeomystella</i> Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) from Brazil

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail: gilson.moreira@ufrgs.br (G.R.P. Moreira).