Disclosure of at least one type of sustainability report (CSR) |
(1) for companies that reported |
Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Ting (2021)Ting, P. H. (2021). Do large firms just talk corporate social responsibility? - The evidence from CSR report disclosure. Finance Research Letters, 38, 101476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101...
|
B3 "Report or Explain" |
(0) for companies that did not report |
Independent
|
Size of the board of directors (size) |
Absolute number of board members |
Dias et al. (2017)Dias, A., Rodrigues, L. L., & Craig, R. (2017). Corporate governance effects on social responsibility disclosures. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 11(2), 3-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2...
, Giannarakis (2014a)Giannarakis, G. (2014a). Corporate governance and financial characteristic effects on the extent of corporate social responsibility disclosure. Social Responsibility Journal, 10(4), 569-590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-02-2013-0008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-02-2013-00...
, Jizi (2017)Jizi, M. (2017). The influence of board composition on sustainable development disclosure. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(5), 640-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943...
, Kao et al. (2019)Kao, M. F., Hodgkinson, L., & Jaafar, A. (2019). Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: Evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 19(1), 189-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-0144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-014...
, Kaymak and Bektas (2017)Kaymak, T., & Bektas, E. (2017). Corporate social responsibility and governance: information disclosure in multinational corporations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 24(6), 555-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1428...
, Pucheta-Martínez and Gallego-Álvarez (2019)Pucheta-Martínez, M. C., & Gallego-Álvarez, I. (2019). An international approach of the relationship between board attributes and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility issues. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(3), 612-627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1707...
, Roudaki (2018)Roudaki, J. (2018). Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 18(5), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-024...
|
|
Total remuneration of the board of directors (lnrenumeration) |
Natural logarithm of the total remuneration of the board of directors |
Deschênes et al. (2015)Deschênes, S., Rojas, M., Boubacar, H., Prud’homme, B., & Ouedraogo, A. (2015). The impact of board traits on the social performance of Canadian firms. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 15(3), 293-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-08-2014-0097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-08-2014-009...
, Roudaki (2018)Roudaki, J. (2018). Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 18(5), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-024...
|
CVM Reference Form items 12 and 13 of Annex 24 of ICVM 480 |
Women on the board of directors (women) |
Proportion of women among board members |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Forte et al. (2020)Forte, H. C., Silva, L. K. S., & Abreu, M. C. S. (2020). Effect of the structure of the board of directors on the disclosure of environmental and social practices in brazilian companies. Revista Universo Accounting, 16(1), 119-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106...
, Jizi (2017)Jizi, M. (2017). The influence of board composition on sustainable development disclosure. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(5), 640-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943...
, Lopatta et al. (2020)Lopatta, K., Böttcher, K., Lodhia, S. K., & Tideman, S. A. (2020). The relationship between gender diversity and employee representation at the board level and non-financial performance: A cross-country study. The International Journal of Accounting, 55(1), 1-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1094406020500018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1094406020500...
, Pucheta-Martínez and Gallego-Álvarez (2019)Pucheta-Martínez, M. C., & Gallego-Álvarez, I. (2019). An international approach of the relationship between board attributes and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility issues. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(3), 612-627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1707...
, Roudaki (2018)Roudaki, J. (2018). Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 18(5), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-024...
|
Independence of the board (independence) |
Ratio of the number of independent members to the total number of members of the board of directors |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Al Fadli et al. (2020)Al Fadli, A., Sands, J., Jones, G., Beattie, C., & Pensiero, D. (2020). Board independence and CSR reporting: Pre and post analysis of JCGC 2009. International Journal of Law and Management, 62(2), 117-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-11-2018-0259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-11-2018-...
, Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Forte et al. (2020)Forte, H. C., Silva, L. K. S., & Abreu, M. C. S. (2020). Effect of the structure of the board of directors on the disclosure of environmental and social practices in brazilian companies. Revista Universo Accounting, 16(1), 119-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106...
, Jizi (2017)Jizi, M. (2017). The influence of board composition on sustainable development disclosure. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(5), 640-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943...
, Kao et al. (2019)Kao, M. F., Hodgkinson, L., & Jaafar, A. (2019). Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: Evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 19(1), 189-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-0144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-014...
, Kaymak and Bektas (2017)Kaymak, T., & Bektas, E. (2017). Corporate social responsibility and governance: information disclosure in multinational corporations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 24(6), 555-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1428...
, Linck et al. (2008)Linck, J. S., Netter, J. M., & Yang, T. (2008). The determinants of board structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 87(2), 308-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.03.004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2007...
, Roudaki (2018)Roudaki, J. (2018). Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 18(5), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-024...
|
|
Age of the board of directors (age) |
Average age of board members |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Forte et al. (2020)Forte, H. C., Silva, L. K. S., & Abreu, M. C. S. (2020). Effect of the structure of the board of directors on the disclosure of environmental and social practices in brazilian companies. Revista Universo Accounting, 16(1), 119-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4270/ruc.2020106...
|
CVM Reference Form items 12 and 13 of Annex 24 of ICVM 480 |
Dual positions (duality) |
(1) When a board member is also an executive director, |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Giannarakis (2014a)Giannarakis, G. (2014a). Corporate governance and financial characteristic effects on the extent of corporate social responsibility disclosure. Social Responsibility Journal, 10(4), 569-590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-02-2013-0008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-02-2013-00...
, Kao et al. (2019)Kao, M. F., Hodgkinson, L., & Jaafar, A. (2019). Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: Evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 19(1), 189-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-0144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-014...
, Dias et al. (2017)Dias, A., Rodrigues, L. L., & Craig, R. (2017). Corporate governance effects on social responsibility disclosures. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 11(2), 3-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2...
|
(0) When no member is also an executive director |
Control
|
Ownership concentration (major) |
Proportion of shares held by the controlling shareholder with voting rights |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Crisóstomo and Freire (2015)Crisóstomo, V. L., & Freire, F. de S. (2015). The influence of ownership concentration on firm resource allocations to employee relations, external social actions, and environmental action. Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios, 17(55), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v17i55.2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v17i55.20...
, Ducassy and Montandrau (2015)Ducassy, I., & Montandrau, S. (2015). Corporate social performance, ownership structure, and corporate governance in France. Research in International Business and Finance, 34, 383-396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2015.02.002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2015.0...
, Fallah and Mojarrad (2019)Fallah, M. A., & Mojarrad, F. (2019). Corporate governance effects on corporate social responsibility disclosure: Empirical evidence from heavy-pollution industries in Iran. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(2), 208-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2017-0072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2017-00...
|
Economática ® |
Company size (lnassets) |
Natural logarithm of total assets |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Ali et al. (2018)Ali, W., Alsayegh, M. F., Ahmad, Z., Mahmood, Z., & Iqbal, J. (2018). The relationship between social visibility and CSR disclosure. Sustainability (Basel), 10(3), 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030866...
, Barnea and Rubin (2010)Barnea, A., & Rubin, A. (2010). Corporate social responsibility as a conflict between shareholders. Journal of Business Ethics, 97(1), 71-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0496-z. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-049...
, Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Giannarakis (2014b)Giannarakis, G. (2014b). The determinants influencing the extent of CSR disclosure. International Journal of Law and Management, 56(5), 393-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-...
, Sharma et al. (2020)Sharma, P., Panday, P., & Dangwal, R. C. (2020). Determinants of environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosure: A study of Indian companies. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 17(4), 208-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-00085-y. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-000...
, Ting (2021)Ting, P. H. (2021). Do large firms just talk corporate social responsibility? - The evidence from CSR report disclosure. Finance Research Letters, 38, 101476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101...
, Dias et al.(2017)Dias, A., Rodrigues, L. L., & Craig, R. (2017). Corporate governance effects on social responsibility disclosures. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 11(2), 3-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i2.2...
|
Return on Assets (ROA) |
Ratio of the sum of net profit and minority shareholding to total assets |
Abu Qa’dan and Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Ali et al. (2018)Ali, W., Alsayegh, M. F., Ahmad, Z., Mahmood, Z., & Iqbal, J. (2018). The relationship between social visibility and CSR disclosure. Sustainability (Basel), 10(3), 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030866...
, Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Giannarakis (2014b)Giannarakis, G. (2014b). The determinants influencing the extent of CSR disclosure. International Journal of Law and Management, 56(5), 393-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-...
, Gunardi et al. (2016)Gunardi, A., Febrian, E., & Herwany, A. (2016). The implication of firm-specific characteristics on disclosure: The case of Indonesia. International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance, 9(4), 379-387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMEF.2016.080080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMEF.2016.080...
, Sharma et al. (2020)Sharma, P., Panday, P., & Dangwal, R. C. (2020). Determinants of environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosure: A study of Indian companies. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 17(4), 208-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-00085-y. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-000...
|
Leverage (leverage) |
Ratio of onerous liabilities to total assets |
Abu Qa’dan & Suwaidan (2019)Abu Qa’dan, M. B., & Suwaidan, M. S. (2019). Board composition, ownership structure and corporate social responsibility disclosure: The case of Jordan. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 28-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-0225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2017-02...
, Barnea and Rubin (2010)Barnea, A., & Rubin, A. (2010). Corporate social responsibility as a conflict between shareholders. Journal of Business Ethics, 97(1), 71-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0496-z. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-049...
, Chijoke-Mgbame et al. (2020)Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Mgbame, C. O., Akintoye, S., & Ohalehi, P. (2020). The role of corporate governance on CSR disclosure and firm performance in a voluntary environment. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 20(2), 294-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-0184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2019-018...
, Giannarakis (2014b)Giannarakis, G. (2014b). The determinants influencing the extent of CSR disclosure. International Journal of Law and Management, 56(5), 393-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-05-2013-...
, Habbash (2016)Habbash, M. (2016). Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Social Responsibility Journal, 12(4), 740-754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-07-2015-0088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-07-2015-00...
, Kao et al. (2019)Kao, M. F., Hodgkinson, L., & Jaafar, A. (2019). Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: Evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 19(1), 189-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-0144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-014...
, Roudaki, (2018)Roudaki, J. (2018). Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand. Corporate Governance (Bradford), 18(5), 987-1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-024...
, Sharma et al. (2020)Sharma, P., Panday, P., & Dangwal, R. C. (2020). Determinants of environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosure: A study of Indian companies. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 17(4), 208-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-00085-y. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41310-020-000...
|