Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia are the four most frequent causes of dementia in the clinical practice. The differential diagnosis of these conditions is based on specific clinical profiles defined through an adequate medical history, neurological examination, related laboratory tests and neuroimaging studies. A brief review of the different forms of dementia emphasizing diagnostic-related aspects is presented.
Dementia; Diagnosis; Alzheimer disease; Dementia, vascular; Dementia, Lewy body; Frontotemporal lobar degeneration