Metabolic alterations in broiler chickens experimentally infected with sporulated oocysts of <i>Eimeria maxima</i>

Freitas, Fagner Luiz da Costa

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612014057

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 23 (3) • Jul-Sep 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612014057 copy

Metabolic alterations in broiler chickens experimentally infected with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria maxima

Alterações metabólicas em frangos de corte infectados experimentalmente com oocistos esporulados de Eimeria maxima

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Metabolic and morphometric alterations of the duodenal villi caused by parasitism of chickens by Eimeria maxima were evaluated, using 100 male Cobb birds, randomly distributed into two groups (control and infected). The infected group was inoculated with 0.5 ml of a solution containing 5×10³ sporulated oocysts of Eimeria maxima. Ten birds per sample were sacrificed on the 6^th, 11^th, 22^nd and 41^st days post-infection (dpi). In order to evaluate the alterations, samples of duodenum, jejunum and ileum fragments were collected after necropsy for histological analysis. Villus biometry was determined by means of a slide graduated in microns that was attached to a binocular microscope. To evaluate the biochemical data, 5 ml of blood were sampled from the birds before sacrifice. The statistical analyses were performed using the GraphPad 5 statistical software for Windows. Tukey's multiple comparison test (p <0.05) was performed for the different dpi's and the unpaired t test for the difference between the groups. Infection by E. maxima causes both qualitative and quantitative alterations to the structure of the intestinal villi, thereby interfering with the absorption of nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, protein and lipids, with consequent reductions in the birds' weights.

Eimeria maxima ; metabolism; experimental infection

Parameters	Experimental groups	Days post-infection (dpi)			P ANOVA
Parameters	Experimental groups	6^th dpi	11^th dpi	22^nd dpi	P ANOVA
Height	Control	1451.51 ± 539.91 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	1710.5 ± 211.16 a	1576.74 ± 454.7 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	0.7103
Height	Infected	1117.30 ± 470.88 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	1259 ± 180.31 b	1062.62 ± 286.64 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	0.7630
Width	Control	56.88 ± 14.55 Ab	163.59 ± 25.46 B	106.06 ± 43.88 AB	0.0067
Width	Infected	100.73 ± 15.12 a	114.49 ± 37.48 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	80.88 ± 18.89 ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	0.2611
Crypt depth	Control	95.99 ± 13.06 Ab	121.99 ± 19.27 B ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	71.99 ± 8.84 C ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	0.0008
Crypt depth	Infected	144.51 ± 30.43 Aa	102.66 ± 24.51 AB	68.66 ± 8.25 B ^ns ns non-significant through Tukey's test.	0.0045

Parameters	Experimental groups	Days post-infection (dpi)					P ANOVA
Parameters	Experimental groups	0^th dpi	6^th dpi	11^th dpi	22^nd dpi	41^nd dpi	P ANOVA
Glucose	Control	201.8 ± 32.0 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	212.3 ± 19.4 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	243.8 ± 47.4^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	236.8 ± 42.6^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	227.7 ± 27.45^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.1233
Glucose	Infected	190.9 ± 23.4 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	204.9 ± 13.5 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	236.1 ± 79.2^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	233.9 ± 36.0^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	233.4 ± 27.20^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.1559
Total protein	Control	1.88 ± 0.25 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.67 ± 0.56 a	1.73 ± 0.68 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.79 ± 0.71 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.42 ± 0.92 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.1131
Total protein	Infected	2.10 ± 0.24 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.84 ± 0.41 b	2.04 ± 0.27 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.49. ± 0.89 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.34 ± 0.63 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0023
Albumin	Control	1.02 ± 0.15 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.21 ± 0.16 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.24 ± 0.37 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.40 ± 0.27 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.45 ± 0.6 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0005
Albumin	Infected	1.04 ± 0.17 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.21 ± 0.49 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.34 ± 0.47 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.56 ± 0.22 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.6 ± 0.23 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0158
Calcium	Control	8.47 ± 2.55 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	9.56 ± 3.24 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	8.30 ± 2.72 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	9.83 ± 2.41^a	9.11 ± 2.58 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.9345
Calcium	Infected	7.51 ± 2.94 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	8.37 ± 2.01 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	8.30 ± 2.36 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	7.89 ± 1.85b	9.39 ± 1.67 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.6862
Phosphorus	Control	7.11 ± 0.92 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	9.99 ± 2.24 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	8.45 ± 2.44 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	6.72 ± 3.09^a	6.58 ± 3.87a	0.0524
Phosphorus	Infected	7.52 ± 1.82 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	8.45 ± 2.04 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	7.52 ± 2.89 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	3.73 ± 2.86b	0.97 ± 0.67b	0.0125
Magnesium	Control	3.21 ± 0.68 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	3.19 ± 0.89 a	1.73 ± 0.74 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.92 ± 0.43 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.54 ± 0.52 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	<0.0001
Magnesium	Infected	3.31 ± 1.02 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	2.3 ± 0.72 b	1.37 ± 0.27 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.86 ± 0.59 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	1.51 ± 0.51 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	<0.0001
Total cholesterol	Control	179.81 ± 49.52 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	161.12 ± 49.52 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	132.52 ± 22.98 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	146.03 ± 31.97 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	132.34 ± 40.25 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.1754
Total cholesterol	Infected	171.95 ± 28.84 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	112.85 ± 31.22 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	128.94 ± 20.4 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	164.20 ± 53.24 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	159.91 ± 31.97 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0052
Triacylglycerol	Control	43.46 ± 12.76 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	118.05 ± 65.55 a	91.54 ± 39.21 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	86.86 ± 32.34 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	106.50 ± 48.06 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0131
Triacylglycerol	Infected	47.67 ± 12.89 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	28.08 ± 23.90 b	95.02 ± 17.57 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	86.30 ± 27.90 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	137.61 ± 49.74 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0059
High density	Control	112 ± 30.38 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	81.22 ± 29.19 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	75.20 ± 17.61 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	81.20 ± 11.86 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	91 ± 21.79 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0879
lipoprotein	Infected	101 ± 22.94 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	81.22 ± 22.29 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	80.66 ± 14.43 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	88.11 ± 9.46 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	89 ± 17.35 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.1641
Very low density	Control	8.69 ± 2.55 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	23.61 ± 13.11 a	18.31 ± 7.84 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	17.37 ± 6.47 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	21.30 ± 9.61 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0368
lipoprotein	Infected	9.53 ± 2.58 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	5.62 ± 4.78 b	19.00 ± 3.51 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	17.26 ± 5.58 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	27.52 ± 9.95 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	<0.0001
Low density	Control	59.12 ± 60.52 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	71.88 ± 74.67 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	52.37 ± 48.01 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	54.32 ± 54.34 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	47.06 ± 50.59 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.7758
lipoprotein	Infected	73.73 ± 24.07 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	41.98 ± 17.32 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	37.78 ± 23.48 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	91.63 ± 52.51 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	75.81 ± 48.20 ^ns ns non-significant through the unpaired t test at 5% significance level.	0.0808

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] ^*Address for correspondence: Fagner Luiz da Costa Freitas, Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, Avenida Rubem Cesar Caselani, 38, CEP 85770-000, Realeza, PR, Brasil, e-mail: fagner.freitas@uffs.edu.br