Bioactive compounds from the parasitic plant <i>Arceuthobium vaginatum</i> inhibit <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> egg hatching

Becerril-Gil, María Mitsi Nalleli; Estrada-Flores, Julieta Gertrudis; González-Cortazar, Manases; Zamilpa, Alejandro; Endara-Agramont, Ángel Rolando; Mendoza-de Gives, Pedro; López-Arellano, María Eugenia; Olmedo-Juárez, Agustín

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612024004

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 33 (1) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612024004 copy

Bioactive compounds from the parasitic plant Arceuthobium vaginatum inhibit Haemonchus contortus egg hatching

Compostos bioativos da planta parasita Arceuthobium vaginatum inibem a eclosão dos ovos de Haemonchus contortus

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro ovicidal activity of an ethyl acetate extract from Arceuthobium vaginatum (EtOAc-E) and their subfractions (AvR5-AvR14) against Haemonchus contortus using the egg hatching inhibition (EHI) test. The EtOAc-E and subfractions were tested at 0.12-2.00 and at 0.015-2.0 mg/mL, respectively. Distilled water and methanol (2%) were used as negative controls and Thiabendazole (0.10 mg/mL) as a positive control. Treatments with a dependent effect on concentration were subjected to regression analysis to determine the effective concentrations (EC₅₀ and EC₉₀). The major secondary compounds present in the extract and subfractions were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The EtOAc-E and AvR9 exhibited the best ovicidal effect recording 97.5 and 100% of EHI at 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. The EtOAc-E and AvR9 displayed an EC₅₀= 0.12 and 0.08 mg/mL, respectively. The HPLC analysis in the EtOAc-E and bioactive fractions indicated the presence of a polyphenol, glycosylated flavanones, quercetin glucoside, cinnamates, coumarin, cinnamic acid derivative, ferulic acid, coumarate, naringenin, protocatechuic acid and naringin. Results demonstrated that A. vaginatum extract and fraction is able to inhibit the egg hatch process of H. contortus and could be a viable option for the control of small ruminant haemonchosis.

Keywords:
Arceuthobium; anthelmintic activity; polyphenols; Haemonchus; organic extract

Treatments	Means of eggs and larvae (L1 or L2) recovered		EHI% ± s.d.
	Eggs	Larvae	EHI% ± s.d.
Thiabendazole (0.1 mg/mL)	93.2	0.2	99.6 ± 0.8^ab
Distilled water	11.8	77.0	13.8 ± 8.6^g
Methanol 2%	13.0	81.2	14.8 ± 9.2 ^g
EtOAc-E, mg/mL
0.12	23.1	58.3	29.2 ± 5.7^efg
0.25	111.1	5.8	94.5 ± 6.3^abc
0.50	117.8	4.2	96.5 ± 4.2^abc
1.00	117.2	2.8	97.6 ± 1.5^ab
2.00	107.5	1.9	97.4 ± 3.9^abc
AvR5, mg/mL
0.25	30.0	75.0	26.8 ± 8.3^efg
0.50	23.0	74.3	22.4 ± 5.5^efg
1.00	76.1	32.7	69.3 ± 21.0^d
2.00	102.2	10.3	89.4 ± 9.0^abc
AvR7, mg/mL
0.25	23.1	76.1	23.0 ± 4.4 ^efg
0.50	28.5	71.2	28.3 ± 4.4^efg
1.00	42.4	57.5	37.6 ± 13.3^e
2.00	85.3	15.1	83.0 ± 15.2^abcd
AvR9, mg/mL
0.015	13.5	67.0	17.7 ± 6.3^g
0.03	16.2	60.0	18.5 ± 9.8^g
0.06	20.5	75.1	22.4 ± 5.6^efg
0.12	89.8	19.6	80.4 ± 11.9^cd
0.25	131.0	5.0	96.1 ± 2.5^abc
0.50	95.9	5.4	91.0 ± 9.8^abc
1.00	104.2	1.8	96.2 ± 5.6^abc
2.00	126.5	0.0	100.0^a
AvR11, mg/mL
0.25	18.2	80.2	17.7 ± 9.3^g
0.50	20.6	64.6	22.6 ± 15.4^efg
1.00	87.1	15.0	82.5 ± 21.4^bcd
2.00	95.6	12.1	88.0 ± 11.2^abc
AvR13, mg/mL
0.25	20.0	96.0	17.2 ± 3.6^g
0.50	22.5	93.0	19.4 ± 3.4^fg
1.00	17.5	84.5	18.5 ± 5.8^g
2.00	28.5	74.5	28.5 ± 8.8^efg
AvR14, mg/mL
0.25	18.1	75.4	20.5 ± 7.2^efg
0.50	21.6	76.8	23.2 ± 7.5^efg
1.00	27.6	66.5	30.2 ± 7.1^efg
2.00	32.5	58.1	36.2 ± 6.2^ef
Variation coefficient			17.29
R²			0.94

Treatments	EC₅₀ mg/mL	Confidential interval (95%)		EC₉₀ mg/mL	Confidential interval (95%)
Treatments	EC₅₀ mg/mL	Lower	Upper	EC₉₀ mg/mL	Lower	Upper
EtOAc-E	0.12	0.11	0.13	0.42	0.39	0.45
AvR5	0.91	0.86	0.96	1.98	1.85	2.15
AvR7	1.17	1.09	1.24	2.72	2.49	3.05
AvR9	0.088	0.083	0.094	0.28	0.26	0.29
AvR11	0.79	0.75	0.83	1.85	1.73	1.99

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Agustín Olmedo-Juárez. E-mail: olmedo.agustin@inifap.gob.mx, aolmedoj@gmail.com