Health workers and COVID-19: flailing working conditions?

Vedovato, Tatiana Giovanelli; Andrade, Cristiane Batista; Santos, Daniela Lacerda; Bitencourt, Silvana Maria; Almeida, Lidiane Peixoto de; Sampaio, Jéssyca Félix da Silva

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Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional

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Research article / Dossier COVID-19 and Worker’s Health • Rev. bras. saúde ocup. 46 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6369000028520 copy

Health workers and COVID-19: flailing working conditions?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objectives:

to analyze the working conditions of health professionals facing the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil based on online media reports published in prominent news portals.

Methods:

qualitative analysis of 22 news stories selected from two of the main Brazilian news portals, published between April 20 and 30, 2020. Based on thematic content analysis, we defined five categories: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and COVID-19; health workers with comorbidities working on the front line; illness and death due to work; access to treatment and work leave due to COVID-19; resigning from work and professional updating.

Results:

the news stories reported inadequate working conditions due to lack of and/or inadequate PPE; health care workers with comorbidities remaining at work; sickness and death from COVID-19; strain and fear of being infected, and having to deal with co-workers’ sickness and death; difficulties in getting tested for COVID-19 and obtaining sick leave for treatment; resigning from health care work; need for fast professional updating for COVID-19 health care.

Conclusion:

the pandemic clearly evidences the need for public investment in health care for workers in charge of caring for the population.

Keywords:
working conditions; infection by coronavirus; personal protective equipment; mass media; occupational health

Date	Event	Developments
March 11, 2020	WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic¹1. Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde. Folha informativa COVID-19 - Escritório da OPAS e da OMS no Brasil [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 3 maio 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6101:covid19&Itemid=875 . https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?optio... .	Global obligation to adopt measures to prevent and control the disease¹1. Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde. Folha informativa COVID-19 - Escritório da OPAS e da OMS no Brasil [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 3 maio 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6101:covid19&Itemid=875 . https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?optio... .
March 16, 2020	Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (capitals) already had cases of community transmission¹²12. Amorim F. Brasil confirma transmissão comunitária de coronavírus; entenda o que é. Uol Notícias [Internet]. 13 mar 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/03/13/brasil-confirma-transmissao-comunitaria-de-coronavirus-entenda-o-que-e.htm . https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultima... .	Changes in protocols to identify suspected cases and reorganization of services due to increase in cases¹²12. Amorim F. Brasil confirma transmissão comunitária de coronavírus; entenda o que é. Uol Notícias [Internet]. 13 mar 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/03/13/brasil-confirma-transmissao-comunitaria-de-coronavirus-entenda-o-que-e.htm . https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultima... .
March 30, 2020	Cofen creates a form to notify suspected and/or confirmed cases of COVID-19 among health workers. Creation of the “Nursing Observatory” to monitor cases among workers²2. Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (BR). Observatório da Enfermagem [Internet]. 2020. [citado em 10 ago 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: http://observatoriodaenfermagem.cofen.gov.br/ . http://observatoriodaenfermagem.cofen.go... .	Illness of workers on the front line is afforded visibility, showing the importance of discussions related to their work. Other councils did not follow suit, making it difficult to analyze the situation of multidisciplinary health teams²2. Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (BR). Observatório da Enfermagem [Internet]. 2020. [citado em 10 ago 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: http://observatoriodaenfermagem.cofen.gov.br/ . http://observatoriodaenfermagem.cofen.go... .
April 8, 2020	President Jair Bolsonaro diverges on the issue of social distancing from recommendations and decisions taken by governors and mayors¹³13. Supremo Tribunal Federal (BR). Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 672 [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 25 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: http://www.stf.jus.br/arquivo/cms/noticiaNoticiaStf/anexo/ADPF672liminar.pdf http://www.stf.jus.br/arquivo/cms/notici... .	The Federal Supreme Court (STF) grants an injunction requested by the Brazilian Bar Association (OAB) ensuring the power of states, municipalities and the Federal District to make decisions to face COVID-19, such as restrictions on movement of people, closing of schools, shops and other activities¹³13. Supremo Tribunal Federal (BR). Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 672 [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 25 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: http://www.stf.jus.br/arquivo/cms/noticiaNoticiaStf/anexo/ADPF672liminar.pdf http://www.stf.jus.br/arquivo/cms/notici... .
April 9, 2020	The Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, a public health institution, creates the “COVID-19 Observatory.”¹⁴14. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Observatório COVID-19: Informação para Ação [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 25 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://portal.fiocruz.br/observatorio-covid-19 . https://portal.fiocruz.br/observatorio-c...	The observatory was created as a channel for the disclosure of data and studies and integration with other projects¹⁴14. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Observatório COVID-19: Informação para Ação [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 25 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://portal.fiocruz.br/observatorio-covid-19 . https://portal.fiocruz.br/observatorio-c... .
April 16, 2020	Political disagreements between President Bolsonaro and Health Minister Luiz Henrique Mandetta over actions and guidelines for coping with COVID-19¹⁵15. Benites A, Jucá B, Borges R. Mandetta é demitido por Bolsonaro. El País [Internet]. 16 abr 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://brasil.elpais.com/sociedade/2020-04-16/mandetta-e-demitido-por-bolsonaro.html . https://brasil.elpais.com/sociedade/2020... .	The health minister is dismissed in the midst of the pandemic¹⁵15. Benites A, Jucá B, Borges R. Mandetta é demitido por Bolsonaro. El País [Internet]. 16 abr 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://brasil.elpais.com/sociedade/2020-04-16/mandetta-e-demitido-por-bolsonaro.html . https://brasil.elpais.com/sociedade/2020... .
April 17, 2020	The new health minister, Nelson Teich, takes office.	Following disagreements with the president regarding the use of chloroquine, Nelson Teich resigns 29 days after his being appointed. No new health minister is appointed for 17 days¹⁶16. Junqueira C, Machida K. Após 29 dias no cargo, Nelson Teich pede demissão do Ministério da Saúde. CNN Brasil [Internet]. 15 maio 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/2020/05/15/nelson-teich-pede-demissao-do-ministerio-da-saude . https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/20... .
April 17, 2020	The new health minister, Nelson Teich, takes office.	Eduardo Pazuello assumes as interim minister and is officially appointed in September¹⁷17. Agência Brasil. Eduardo Pazuello toma posse como ministro da Saúde. Agência Brasil [Internet]. 16 set 2020 [citado em 2 nov 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/noticia/2020-09/ao-vivo-eduardo-pazuello-toma-posse-como-ministro-da-saude . https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/n... .
April 30, 2020	85,380 confirmed cases¹⁸18. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. COVID-19 - Boletim Epidemiológico Diário, Brasília, 30 de abril de 2020 [ Internet]. 2020 [citado em 24 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/April/30/2020-04-30-COVID-19-COLETIVA.pdf . https://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/imag... .	5,901 deaths from COVID-19¹⁸18. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. COVID-19 - Boletim Epidemiológico Diário, Brasília, 30 de abril de 2020 [ Internet]. 2020 [citado em 24 out 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/April/30/2020-04-30-COVID-19-COLETIVA.pdf . https://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/imag... .

Title, source and date	PPE and COVID-19	Workers with comorbidities on the front line	Illness and death due to work	Access to treatment and work leave due to COVID-19	Resigning from work and professional updating for COVID-19
Death of technicians from COVID-19 at the Osid hospital causes apprehension among workers: Worker is resigning¹⁹19. Tv Bahia. Morte de técnicos do hospital da Osid por Covid-19 gera apreensão entre profissionais: "Funcionário está pedindo demissão". G1 Bahia [Internet]. 30 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/ba/bahia/noticia/2020/04/30/morte-de-tecnicos-do-hospital-da-osid-por-covid-19-gera-apreensao-entre-profissionais-funcionario-esta-pedindo-demissao.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/ba/bahia/noticia/20... .	Scarce or inadequate PPE, according to workers.	No information.	Death of two nursing technicians and workers get ill from COVID-19.	Health professionals put on leave due to COVID-19. Psychological support, according to labor management.	Reports about fear of contagion and resignation.
G1, on April 30, 2020.	Scarce or inadequate PPE, according to workers.	No information.			Reports about fear of contagion and resignation.
Almost 50% of health care workers heard by Public Labor Prosecutors in Minas Gerais report that workers with symptoms of COVID-19 are not granted leave²⁰20. Pimentel T. Quase 50% dos profissionais de saúde ouvidos pelo MPT em MG denunciam que trabalhadores com sintomas de COVID-19 não são dispensados. G1 Minas Gerais [Internet]. 30 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/noticia/2020/04/30/quase-50percent-dos-profissionais-de-saude-ouvidos-pelo-mpt-em-mg-denunciam-que-trabalhadores-com-sintomas-de-covid-19-nao-sao-dispensados.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/not... .	Lack of adequate gowns and N95 masks.	No information.	No information.	Doctors and nurses with COVID-19 are not granted leave.	No information.
G1, on April 30, 2020.	Lack of adequate gowns and N95 masks.	No information.	No information.	Doctors and nurses with COVID-19 are not granted leave.	No information.
More than 2,200 health workers in RJ were put on leave with suspected COVID-19 contagion or for belonging to risk groups²¹21. Rouvenat F. Mais de 2,2 mil profissionais de saúde do RJ foram afastados com suspeita de COVID-19 ou por serem parte de grupos de risco. G1 Rio de Janeiro [Internet]. 30 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2020/04/30/profissionais-de-saude-do-rj-foram-afastados-por-suspeita-de-covid-19-ou-por-fazerem-parte-de-grupos-de-risco.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/n... .	No information.	2,200 at-risk health workers with suspected contagion were put on leave.	Death of health workers (11 doctors and 18 nurses) from COVID-19.	Workers with COVID-19 put on leave.	No information.
G1, on April 30, 2020.	No information.			Workers with COVID-19 put on leave.	No information.
Nurses protest against lack of PPE to care for patients with COVID-19²²22. G1 Piauí. Profissionais da enfermagem fazem protesto denunciando falta de EPI para atendimento de pacientes com COVID-19 [Internet]. 25 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/pi/piaui/noticia/2020/04/25/profissionais-da-enfermagem-fazem-protesto-denunciando-falta-de-epis-para-atendimento-de-pacientes-com-covid-19.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/pi/piaui/noticia/20... .	Lack of and inadequate PPE (face masks and gowns), according to the workers. Labor management reports purchase of PPE.	No information.	No information.	Availability of COVID-19 tests for health care workers is reported.	Training courses were offered to about 60 workers.
G1, on April 25, 2020.		No information.	No information.		Training courses were offered to about 60 workers.
More than 250 health care workers tested positive for COVID-19 in Maranhão²³23. G1 Maranhão. Mais de 250 profissionais da saúde testaram positivo para COVID-19 no Maranhão [Internet]. 25 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/ma/maranhao/noticia/2020/04/25/mais-de-250-profissionais-da-saude-testaram-positivo-para-covid-19-no-maranhao.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/ma/maranhao/noticia... .	No information.	Death of a 61-year-old nursing assistant with diabetes and obesity.	250 workers tested positive for the disease, 127 recovered and 6 died.	The nursing assistant who died from the disease was on leave.	No information.
G1, on April 25, 2020.	No information.				No information.
Health workers face fear and pressure in the fight against coronavirus²⁴24. Profissionais de saúde lidam com medo e pressão no combate ao coronavírus. G1 Fantástico [Internet]. 26 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/fantastico/noticia/2020/04/26/profissionais-de-saude-lidam-com-medo-e-pressao-no-combate-ao-coronavirus.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/fantastico/noticia/... .	Lack of and inadequate PPE (face masks and gowns), according to the workers.	No information.	Workers report psychological stress, fear, panic syndrome, psychic distress, use of anxiolytics and/or anti-depressants and insomnia. Death of 53 nurses.	More than 7 thousand health workers put on leave. Psychological support for health workers.	Workers are resigning, according to a doctor.
G1, on April 26, 2020.		No information.			Workers are resigning, according to a doctor.
Every 11 minutes, a nurse working in care against COVID-19 seeks psychological assistance²⁵25. Teixeira P. A cada 11 minutos, um profissional de enfermagem que trabalha no tratamento contra a COVID-19 busca atendimento psicológico. G1 Rio de Janeiro [Internet]. 24 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2020/04/24/a-cada-11-minutos-um-profissional-de-enfermagem-que-trabalha-no-tratamento-contra-a-covid-19-busca-atendimento-psicologico.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/n... .	Shortage of PPE.	Reports that health workers over 60 are denied leave for COVID-19 or psychological problems.	Reports of cases of depression, panic syndrome, anxiety, stress, insomnia, exhaustion and fear of contagion.	Difficulty to obtain sick leave for COVID-19 treatment and/or mental health problems.	Workers report lack of training to care for patients with the new coronavirus.
G1, on April 24, 2020.	Shortage of PPE.
Paraná has 63 staff of state hospitals on leave due to COVID-19²⁶26. Bischoff W. Paraná tem 63 funcionários de hospitais geridos pelo estado afastados por causa da COVID-19. G1 Paraná [Internet]. 24 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/pr/parana/noticia/2020/04/24/parana-tem-63-funcionarios-de-hospitais-geridos-pelo-estado-afastados-por-causa-da-covid-19.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/pr/parana/noticia/2... .	Shortage of PPE and hospital equipment.	No information.	Psychological symptoms such as fear of contamination. Underreporting of illness cases.	63 health workers on leave due to the disease. All staff with symptoms are placed on leave.	No information.
G1, on April 24, 2020.	Shortage of PPE and hospital equipment.	No information.			No information.
In two days, the number of health workers with COVID-19 increases 66% in ES²⁷27. Arpini N. Em dois dias, número de profissionais da saúde com COVID-19 sobe 66% no ES. G1 Espírito Santo [Internet]. 22 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/es/espirito-santo/noticia/2020/04/22/em-dois-dias-numero-de-profissionais-da-saude-com-covid-19-sobe-66percent-no-es.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/es/espirito-santo/n... .	Shortage of PPE.	No information.	284 health workers contaminated by COVID-19.	One worker reported to be on leave.	Report that no training for COVID-19 care was offered at the outbreak of the pandemic.
G1, on April 22, 2020.	Shortage of PPE.	No information.	284 health workers contaminated by COVID-19.	One worker reported to be on leave.
Staff of the Miguel Couto Hospital at risk for COVID-19 say they have not been given leave²⁸28. Rouvenat F, Queiroz M. Profissionais do Hospital Miguel Couto que fazem parte de grupos de risco da COVID-19 dizem que não foram afastados. G1 Rio de Janeiro [Internet]. 23 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2020/04/23/profissionais-do-hospital-miguel-couto-que-fazem-parte-de-grupos-de-risco-da-covid-19-dizem-que-nao-foram-afastados.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/n... .	Shortage of or inadequate PPE, according to workers. The hospital management says PPE is sufficient.	At-risk health workers are not given leave.	Reports of death of workers, including those at risk (diabetes) for COVID-19.	No information.	No information.
G1, on April 23, 2020.		At-risk health workers are not given leave.		No information.	No information.
Coronavirus: nurses in Rio claim lack of support and equipment in ICU²⁹29. Globonews. Coronavírus: enfermeiros do Rio alegam falta de amparo e equipamentos em UTIs [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 23 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Vídeo: 8 min. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/globonews/globonews-em-ponto/video/coronavirus-enfermeiros-do-rio-alegam-falta-de-amparo-e-equipamentos-em-utis-8503345.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/globonews/globonews... .	Shortage of and inadequate use of PPE.	Report that health services management ignores which workers are at risk.	11 nurses dead and 548 on leave. Emotional symptoms like fear and depression.	Lack of tests for workers suspected of COVID-19 contagion.	No information.
G1, on April 23, 2020.	Shortage of and inadequate use of PPE.			Difficulties to obtain psychiatric care.	No information.
President of the medical association talks about contamination of workers by COVID-19³⁰30. Bom dia Espírito Santo. Presidente da Associação Médica fala sobre contaminação de profissionais por COVID-19 [Internet]. Vitória; 23 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Vídeo: 4 min. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://globoplay.globo.com/v/8503276 /. https://globoplay.globo.com/v/8503276... .	Shortage of PPE and hospital supplies.	No information.	Death of health workers from COVID-19 and fear of contagion.	No information.	Recently graduated health workers called to assist in the pandemic.
G1, on April 23, 2020.	Shortage of PPE and hospital supplies.	No information.		No information.
Number of health workers with COVID-19 in Paraíba increases 66% in one week³¹31. G1 Paraíba. Número de profissionais de saúde com COVID-19 na Paraíba sobe 66% em uma semana [Internet]. 22 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/pb/paraiba/noticia/2020/04/22/numero-de-profissionais-de-saude-com-covid-19-na-paraiba-sobe-66percent-em-uma-semana.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/pb/paraiba/noticia/... .	Importance of having adequate PPE for workers.	No information.	45 workers infected by the disease.	Purchase of COVID-19 tests for health care workers.	Courses on donning and removing PPE to avoid contamination of workers.
G1, on April 22, 2020.	Importance of having adequate PPE for workers.	No information.	Death of health workers from COVID-19.	Purchase of COVID-19 tests for health care workers.
58-year-old nurse is the first health worker to die from COVID-19 in Amapá³²32. G1 Amapá. Enfermeira de 58 anos é a primeira profissional de saúde vítima da COVID-19 no Amapá [Internet]. 22 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/ap/amapa/noticia/2020/04/22/enfermeira-de-57-anos-e-a-1a-profissional-da-saude-a-morrer-de-covid-19-no-amapa.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/ap/amapa/noticia/20... .	Report of purchase of PPE and hospital sanitization and cleaning products.	No information.	Death of a nurse who was on leave due to contagion; according to family members, she was not contaminated in the workplace.	52 nurses placed on leave due to contagion.	No information.
	Shortage of PPE.
G1, on April 22, 2020.	Complaints of water shortage in the hospital environment, denied by hospital management.
ES records 101 new cases and totals 1,313 people infected by COVID-19; 206 are health workers³³33. G1 Espírito Santo . ES registra 101 novos casos e chega a 1.313 infectados por COVID-19; 206 são profissionais da saúde [Internet]. 21 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/es/espirito-santo/noticia/2020/04/21/es-registra-101-novos-casos-e-chega-a-1313-infectados-por-covid-19-206-sao-profissionais-da-saude.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/es/espirito-santo/n... .	No information.	No information.	206 health workers infected by coronavirus.	No information.	No information.
G1, on April 21, 2020.	No information.	No information.	206 health workers infected by coronavirus.	No information.	No information.
RJ has 6 deaths and more than 1,800 health workers on leave due to COVID-19: “It took a piece of us,” says the victim’s daughter³⁴34. Freire F, Grael F. RJ tem 6 mortes e mais de 1,8 mil profissionais da saúde afastados pela COVID-19: 'Levou um pedaço nosso', diz filha de vítima. G1 Rio de Janeiro [Internet]. 21 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2020/04/21/rj-tem-ao-menos-4-mortes-e-mais-de-18-mil-profissionais-da-saude-afastados-pela-covid-19-levou-um-pedaco-nosso-diz-filha-de-vitima.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/n... .	No information.	No information.	Six deaths and around 1,800 health workers on leave due to COVID-19. Symptoms related to COVID-19 and feelings of sadness.	No information.	No information.
G1, on April 21, 2020.	No information.	No information.		No information.	No information.
12 health workers in São Paulo have died from COVID-19, says city official³⁵35. Globonews, G1 São Paulo. 12 profissionais de saúde de São Paulo já morreram com COVID-19, diz secretário municipal. G1 São Paulo [Internet]. 21 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/noticia/2020/04/21/12-profissionais-de-saude-de-sp-ja-morreram-com-covid-19-diz-secretario.ghtml . https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/notici... .	Need to purchase PPE to provide care for the disease.	No information.	There have been 12 deaths from COVID-19 in the capital city of São Paulo. 3,336 workers are on leave due to the disease.	No information.	No information.
G1, on April 21, 2020.	Need to purchase PPE to provide care for the disease.	No information.		No information.	No information.
More than 4,000 nurses have been contaminated with COVID-19³⁶36. Bom Dia Brasil. Mais de 4 mil profissionais de enfermagem foram contaminados pela COVID-19 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 20 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Vídeo: 3 min. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://globoplay.globo.com/v/8494354 /. https://globoplay.globo.com/v/8494354... .	Shortage and inadequate use of PPE.	Workers in at-risk groups must be removed from contact with people with COVID-19.	About 4,600 nurses contaminated with the new coronavirus.	Approximately 500 workers placed on leave per day.	No information.
G1, on April 20, 2020.	Shortage and inadequate use of PPE.		About 4,600 nurses contaminated with the new coronavirus.	Approximately 500 workers placed on leave per day.	No information.
68-year-old hospital cleaner is entitled to Covid testing but cannot get a test³⁷37. Souto L. Aos 68, faxineira de hospital tem direito, mas não consegue teste para Covid. Uol Universa [Internet]. 29 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2020/04/29/faxineira-em-hospital-teste-para-covid.htm . https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias... .	Shortage and inadequate use of PPE	Hospital cleaning worker member in at-risk group is denied leave from work.	One worker fallen ill with COVID-19.	Testing for the disease is required, especially for workers in direct contact with COVID-19.	No information.
Uol, on April 28, 2020.	Shortage and inadequate use of PPE		One worker fallen ill with COVID-19.		No information.
In Pará, 42% of confirmed coronavirus cases are in the health care field³⁸38. Ribeiro F. No Pará, 42% dos casos confirmados de coronavírus são da área da saúde. Uol [Internet]. 29 abr 2020 [citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2020/04/29/no-para-42-dos-casos-confirmados-de-covid-19-sao-da-area-da-saude.htm . https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noti... .	Shortage of PPE.	Permanence of at-risk workers in COVID-19 care.	Almost half of COVID-19 cases are health workers, seven of them died.	No information.	No training to provide health care for people with COVID-19.
Uol, on April 28, 2020.	Shortage of PPE.	Permanence of at-risk workers in COVID-19 care.		No information.
Technician resigns from hospital in RJ: “I’ve never experienced anything like this.”³⁹39. Barreto H Filho. Técnica pede demissão de hospital no RJ: 'Nunca vivenciei nada parecido'. Uol [Internet]. 29 abr 2020 [ citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/04/29/vi-muitas-mortes-tecnica-de-enfermagem-pede-demissao-de-hospital-no-rj.htm . https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultima...	Shortage of PPE.	No information.	No information.	No information.	A nursing technician quits her job due to poor working conditions.
Uol, on April 29, 2020.	Shortage of PPE.	No information.	No information.	No information.
PE has waiting list for ICU; workers already have to choose who to admit⁴⁰40. Resk F. PE registra fila por UTI; profissional já tem de optar por quem levar, diz secretário. Uol [Internet]. 29 abr 2020 [ citado em 14 dez 2020]. Disponível em: Disponível em: https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2020/04/29/pe-registra-fila-por-uti-profissional-ja-tem-de-optar-quem-levar-diz-secretario.htm . https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noti... .	No information.	No information.	Work overload due to increase in cases of the disease, which can lead to occupational illness.	No information.	Need to hire health care staff.
Uol, on April 29, 2020.	No information.	No information.		No information.	Need to hire health care staff.

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[1] Corresponding author: Tatiana Giovanelli Vedovato Email address: tatiana.vedovato@puc-campinas.edu.br