Fertility variability in a Latosol cultivated with fertigated banana

Oliveira, Barbemile de Araújo de; Campos, Liliane Pereira; Matias, Sammy Sidney Rocha; Silva, Tamires Soares da; Vogado, Renato Falconeres

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20220045

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Scientific Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 53 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20220045 copy

Fertility variability in a Latosol cultivated with fertigated banana¹ 1 Paper extracted from the monography of the first author, Universidade Estadual do Piauí

Variabilidade da fertilidade de um Latossolo cultivado com bananeira fertirrigada

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Banana production requires strategies to assess the variability of fertigation areas since production can be reduced by consecutive cultivation in chemically-restricted soils and at different elevations. From this perspective, this study aimed to investigate the spatial variability of soil chemical attributes and the soil carbon stock and relate these parameters to the elevation of a banana plantation fertigated by a micro-sprinkler system. The study was conducted at the Irrigation Perimeter Nupeba (Riachão das Neves/BA), in an area cultivated with the banana cultivar Prata for 18 years. In April 2017, single soil samples were collected in an area with a minimum elevation of 440.6 m and a maximum of 445.8 m, at the depths of 0-0.20 m and 0.20-0.40 m, with a sampling grid composed of 40 georeferenced points and spaced 10 meters. The following parameters were determined: pH, total organic carbon (COT), soil organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), aluminum (Al³⁺), potential acidity (H+Al), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V%), and carbon stock (Est C). The data were evaluated by descriptive statistics and geostatistics and showed normal distribution. There was spatial variability, allowing the construction of fertility maps. The maps showed that the elevation especially influences the OM, COT, N, and Est C, also showing the distribution and concentration of nutrients in the soil, allowing to minimize the variability through the application of varied nutrient contents aiming at their homogeneous supply to banana plants.

Keywords:
Musa spp; Geostatistics; Elevation; Soil nutrients

pH	C	P	K	Ca	Mg	Al	SB	H + Al	CEC	V
H₂O	g kg^-1	mg dm^-3	cmol_c dm^-3							(%)
4.30	15.00	1.00	0.27	1.60	0.70	1.60	2.57	8.40	10.97	23.43
S		Na	B	Fe			Mn	Cu		Zn
mg dm^-3
14.20		2.50	0.20	44.00			0.50	2.00		1.00
Silt		Clay	Fine sand	Coarse sand		Gravel		Densities
Silt		Clay	Fine sand	Coarse sand		Gravel		Soil (Ds)		Particle (Dp)
g kg^-1									g cm^-3
171		518	137	174		0.00		1.10		2.70

B Kg	Cu g	Mn Kg	Zn Kg	Dilution Liter	Conductivity dS m^-1	Fertigation time	Advancement time
1.40	800.00	11.60	2.80	440	0.96	32 min	18 min

Variables	Agronomic Classification
pH in H2O	Very high acidity	High acidity	Average	Weak	Alkaline
pH in H2O	< 4.50	4.50 – 50.0	5.10 – 6.00	6.10 – 6.90	> 7.00
	Very low	Low	Average	Good	Very good
K⁺ cmolc dm^-3	< 0.50	0.50 – 1.00	1.00 – 2.00	-	> 2.00
P mg dm^-3	< 8.00	8.10 – 11.40	11.50 – 15.80	15.90 – 24.00	> 24.00
Ca²⁺ cmolc dm^-3	0.40	0.41 – 1.20	1.21 – 2.40	2.41 – 4.00	> 4.00
Mg²⁺ cmol_c dm^-3	0.15	0.16 – 0.45	0.46 – 0.90	0.91 – 1.50	> 1.50
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	1.00	1.01 – 2.50	2.51 – 5.00	5.01 – 9.00	> 9.00
SB cmol_c dm^-3	0.60	0.61 – 1.80	1.81 – 3.60	3.61 – 6.00	> 6.00
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	1.60	1.61 – 4.30	4.31 – 8.60	8.61 – 15.00	> 15.00
V%	20.00	20.10 – 40.0	40.1 – 60.00	-	-

Variables	Area	Mean	Med.	Standard deviation	Min.	Max.	Ass.	Kur.	CV
Depth 0-0.20 m
pH in H₂O	1	6.29	6.22	0.514	5.46	7.35	0.52	0.04	8.17
pH in H₂O	2	6.22	6.19	0.81	4.49	8.04	0.16	0.39	13.11
OM%	1	1.57	1.56	0.321	0.96	2.047	-0.21	-0.98	20.38
OM%	2	1.13	1.12	0.37	0.32	1.94	0.33	1.06	33.07
N g kg^-1	1	0.07	0.07	0.01	0.04	0.10	-0.21	-0.98	20.38
N g kg^-1	2	0.05	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.09	0.33	1.06	33.07
P mg dm^-3	1	28.86	16.99	41.12	1.55	191.37	3.57	14.16	142.46
P mg dm^-3	2	24.19	18.00	24.52	3.48	97.56	2.10	4.38	101.35
K cmol_c dm^-3	1	0.15	0.13	0.06	0.07	0.38	2.18	6.08	44.33
K cmol_c dm^-3	2	0.16	0.15	0.09	0.04	0.40	1.30	1.49	58.46
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	1	8.49	8.10	1.70	5.80	11.60	0.16	-0.94	20.09
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	2	6.78	7.05	2.12	1.4	10.70	-0.67	1.40	30.87
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	1	1.51	1.40	0.49	0.60	2.40	-0.03	-0.56	32.85
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	2	1.32	1.20	0.62	0.50	3.00	0.99	1.27	46.93
Al cmol_c dm^-3	1	0.15	0.20	0.13	0.00	0.30	-0.15	-1.83	86.50
Al cmol_c dm^-3	2	0.23	0.01	0.77	0.00	3.50	4.35	19.20	337.56
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	1	4.09	4.15	1.40	1.8	6.90	0.17	-0.64	34.34
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	2	3.33	2.55	2.32	1.00	10.70	1.88	4.42	69.67
SB cmol_c dm^-3	1	10.16	10.19	1.66	7.49	13.82	0.40	-0.42	16.42
SB cmol_c dm^-3	2	8.35	8.42	2.38	2.11	11.76	-0.81	1.06	28.54
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	1	14.26	14.30	2.30	10.50	17.40	-0.25	-1.42	16.15
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	2	11.69	12.05	1.98	7.10	14.80	-0.61	0.17	17.01
V%	1	71.71	71.76	7.55	57.23	82.79	-0.26	-0.50	10.53
V%	2	71.99	75.04	1.98	17.50	92.03	-1.80	4.31	24.31
COT g kg^-1	1	9.17	9.11	1.87	5.59	11.90	-0.21	-0.98	20.38
COT g kg^-1	2	6.61	6.52	2.18	1.88	11.29	0.33	1.06	33.07
Est C Mg ha^-1	1	31.37	30.52	6.53	19.37	41.18	-0.17	-1.11	20.82
Est C Mg ha^-1	2	24.02	23.18	7.54	6.97	39.54	0.24	1.13	31.40
Depth 0.20-0.40 m
pH in H₂O	1	6.46	6.53	0.58	5.02	7.81	-0.22	1.54	9.08
pH in H₂O	2	6.37	6.36	0.53	5.49	7.91	1.08	2.54	8.35
OM%	1	0.82	0.86	0.53	-0.28	1.51	-0.62	-0.37	64.80
OM%	2	0.59	0.69	0.56	-0.96	1.21	-1.53	2.13	95.06
N g kg^-1	1	0.04	0.04	0.02	-0.01	0.07	-0.62	-0.37	64.80
N g kg^-1	2	0.02	0.03	0.02	-0.04	0.06	-1.53	2.13	95.06
P mg dm^-3	1	18.4	2.75	45.00	0.54	185.00	3.27	10.85	244.84
P mg dm^-3	2	21.90	4.22	46.90	-1.85	190.30	3.01	9.32	213.77
K cmol_c dm^-3	1	0.10	0.09	0.03	0.06	0.20	1.49	2.42	33.87
K cmol_c dm^-3	2	0.08	0.08	0.03	0.04	0.16	1.11	1.25	36.71
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	1	7.86	7.55	1.42	5.90	11.30	0.66	0.02	18.09
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	2	7.25	7.30	1.70	4.60	10.70	0.26	-0.55	23.54
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	1	1.32	1.25	0.88	-0.50	3.90	0.84	3.21	67.25
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	2	0.91	1.20	1.21	-3.80	2.10	-3.29	12.92	133.49
Al cmol_c dm^-3	1	0.06	0.01	0.10	0.00	0.40	2.25	5.61	153.21
Al cmol_c dm^-3	2	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.00	0.20	1.87	3.15	158.89
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	1	3.47	2.55	2.00	0.80	8.40	0.85	0.20	57.68
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	2	2.54	2.55	0.79	1.70	4.30	0.92	0.39	31.32
SB cmol_c dm^-3	1	9.28	8.94	1.73	6.77	12.97	0.40	-0.68	18.64
SB cmol_c dm^-3	2	8.25	8.35	1.81	5.63	11.38	0.20	-0.84	22.01
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	1	12.76	11.95	2.87	7.60	17.50	0.13	-0.94	22.52
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	2	10.80	10.50	1.90	8.60	15.70	1.15	1.26	17.62
V%	1	74.11	75.98	10.55	-0.16	91.74	-0.30	-0.23	14.24
V%	2	76.03	78.67	7.65	56.75	85.70	-0.88	0.30	10.07
COT g kg^-1	1	4.76	5.01	3.09	-1.65	8.83	-0.62	-0.37	64.80
COT g kg^-1	2	3.43	4.01	3.26	-5.63	7.08	-1.53	2.13	95.06
Est C Mg ha^-1	1	16.15	17.31	10.58	-5.18	30.42	-0.52	-0.53	65.50
Est C Mg ha^-1	2	12.53	14.82	11.88	-20.49	25.35	-1.55	2.15	94.81

Attributes	Model	C₀	C₀ + C₁	GDE	Distance (m)	R²	CRVC
Attributes	Model	C₀	C₀ + C₁	GDE	Distance (m)	R²	b	a
0-0.20 m depth
pH in H₂O	Exponential	0.031	0.38	8.16	48.9	0.96	0.99	0.09
OM%	Gaussian	0.098	0.197	49.75	111.89	0.61	0.62	0.51
N g kg^-1	Gaussian	0.000244	0.00049	49.90	72.57	0.74	0.63	0.02
P mg dm^-3	Gaussian	1	605	0.17	12.74	0.86	1	1.48
K cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.00001	0.1582	0.01	15.25	0.69	0.58	0.07
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.001	3.057	0.03	19.54	0.88	0.62	2.9
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.001	0.329	0.30	22.59	0.96	0.76	0.34
Al cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.00488	0.01476	33.06	26.97	0.89	0.65	0.03
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.001	2.194	0.05	23.56	0.92	1	-0.14
SB cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.003	2.975	0.10	14.37	0.99	0.82	1.57
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.01	5.359	0.19	26.19	0.96	0.94	0.62
V%	Gaussian	0.1	72.08	0.14	21.5	0.77	1	0.14
COT g kg^-1	Exponential	0.01	4.706	0.21	11.31	0.94	1	-0.96
Est C Mg ha^-1	Spherical	0.7	47.42	1.48	6.75	0.81	1	-1.19
0.2-0.40 m depth
pH in H₂O	Gaussian	0.0001	0.1982	0.05	13	0.96	-1.72	17.65
OM%	Spherical	0.0001	0.3152	0.03	16.59	0.73	0.62	0.24
N g kg^-1	Spherical	0.000001	0.00074	0.13	16.1	0.27	0.65	0.01
P mg dm^-3	Gaussian	1	892.9	0.11	20.75	0.86	0.43	9.97
K cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.000001	0.00069	0.14	10.53	0.72	0.66	0.03
Ca cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.045	2.099	2.14	12.56	0.49	1	-0.82
Mg cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.001	1.193	0.08	15.58	0.63	0.72	0.33
Al cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.00001	0.00805	0.12	19.83	0.89	-0.85	0.09
H+Al cmol_c dm^-3	Gaussian	0.001	1.332	0.08	23.43	0.98	1.14	-0.35
SB cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.001	2.551	0.04	4.12	0	0.87	1.06
CEC cmol_c dm^-3	Spherical	0.24	6.832	3.51	23.63	0.79	0.85	1.69
V%	Spherical	0.1	68.83	0.15	29.56	0.82	0.96	2.16
COT g kg^-1	Gaussian	0.01	9.77	0.10	12.22	0.72	0.84	0.48
Est C Mg ha^-1	Gaussian	0.1	118.4	0.08	12.32	0.7	0.88	0.96

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Brasil

Brasil

Fertility variability in a Latosol cultivated with fertigated banana1 1 Paper extracted from the monography of the first author, Universidade Estadual do Piauí

Variabilidade da fertilidade de um Latossolo cultivado com bananeira fertirrigada

ABSTRACT

Fertility variability in a Latosol cultivated with fertigated banana¹ 1 Paper extracted from the monography of the first author, Universidade Estadual do Piauí