PRODUÇÃO OTIMIZADA DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI IMATURO SOB ADUBAÇÃO VERDE EM AMBIENTE SEMIÁRIDO

DESRAVINES, ROSE PAULA; BEZERRA NETO, FRANCISCO; LIMA, JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE; SANTOS, ELIZÂNGELA CABRAL DOS; GUERRA, NATAN MEDEIROS; LINO, VITOR ABEL DA SILVA

ROSE PAULA DESRAVINES

Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-9570

FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO

Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-206X

JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE LIMA

Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-592X

ELIZÂNGELA CABRAL DOS SANTOS

Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7074-3147

NATAN MEDEIROS GUERRA ^**Corresponding author

Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of Ceará, Paraipaba, CE, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4222-7102

VITOR ABEL DA SILVA LINO

Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-7928

*Corresponding author

Figuras (5)
Tabelas (2)

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Figure 1
Daily temperature and relative humidity data during cowpea cropping seasons in 2020 and 2021.

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Figure 2
Graphical representation of an experimental plot of a single cowpea planted at a spacing of 0.50 × 0.10 m.

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Figure 3
Plant height (A), green pod length (B), number of green pods per plant (C) and productivity of green pods (D) of cowpea as a function of equitable amounts of M. aegyptia and C. procera biomass incorporated into the soil in the 2020 (S₁) and 2021(S₂) cropping seasons.

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Figure 4
Number of green grains per pod (A), weight of 100 green grains (B), productivity of green grain (C) and dry mass of green grain (D) of cowpea as a function of equitable biomass amounts of M. aegyptia and C procera incorporated into the soil in the 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons.

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Figure 5
Gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin of cowpea as a function of equitable biomass amounts of M. aegyptia and C. procera incorporated into the soil in the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons.

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Table 1
Mean values of plant height, green pod length, number of green pods per plant, productivity of green pods, number of green grains per pod, weight of 100 green grains, productivity of green grain and dry mass of green grain of cowpea over the growing seasons of 2020 (S₁) and 2021 (S₂) for the control treatment (T_c), for the treatment of maximum physical efficiency (MPE), for green manure treatments (T_gm), and for the mineral-fertilized treatment (T_mf).

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Table 2
Mean values of gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin of cowpea over the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons for the control treatment (T_c), for the treatment of maximum economic efficiency (MEE), for green manure treatments (T_gm), and for the mineral-fertilized treatment (T_mf).

Comparison treatments	Plant height (cm)			Green pods length (cm)
	Cropping seasons			Cropping seasons
	2020	2021	2020/2021	2020	2021	2020/2021
	(S₁)	(S₂)	(S₁/S₂mean)	(S₁)	(S₂)	(S₁/S₂ mean)
Control treatment (T_c)	63.06a	54.79b	58.92	20.82a	20.21a	20.52
MPE treatment	67.26a⁺	63.66b⁺	65.46⁺	21.74a⁺	21.27a⁺	21.48⁺
Manure treatments (T_gm)	65.73a⁺	61.64b⁺	63.68⁺	21.56a⁺	21.07a⁺	21.32⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	69.51a⁺	68.99a⁺	69.25⁺	22.38a⁺	21.72b⁺	22.05⁺
CV (%)	3.73	5.66	4.74	2.33	2.23	2.28

	Number of green pods per plant			Productivity of green pods (t ha^-1)
Control treatment (T_c)	5.84a	2.91b	4.38	2.96a	2.15b	2.56
MPE treatment	7.19a⁺	6.89a⁺	6.93⁺	3.72b⁺	4.18a⁺	3.92⁺
Manure treatments (T_gm)	6.97a⁺	6.05a⁺	6.51⁺	3.56a⁺	3.85a⁺	3.71⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	8.26a⁺	4.81b⁺	6.54⁺	3.80a⁺	3.04b⁺	3.42⁺
CV (%)	14.14	18.03	15.84	10.94	15.30	13.28

	Number of green grains per pod			Weight of 100 green grains (g)
Control treatment (T )	9.12a	9.07a	9.10	34.08b	38.79a	36.44
MPE treatment	9.56a⁺	9.73a⁺	9.64⁺	34.51b⁺	41.90a⁺	38.16⁺
Manure treatments (T_gm)	9.46a⁺	9.59a⁺	9.53⁺	34.01b⁺	41.57a⁺	37.79⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	10.08a⁺	10.39a⁺	10.23⁺	42.52a⁺	42.28a⁺	42.40⁺
CV (%)	6.15	7.80	8.03	6.16	3.98	5.04

	Productivity of green grains (t ha^-1)			Dry mass of green grains (t ha^-1)
Control treatment (T_c)	2.85a	1.49b	2.17	0.523a	0.318b	0.421
MPE treatment	3. 60b⁺	4.56a⁺	4.03⁺	0.713b⁺	1.023a⁺	0.856⁺
Manure treatments (T_gm)	3.48b⁺	4.01a⁺	3.75⁺	0.688b⁺	0.866a⁺	0.777⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	4.79a⁺	3.44b⁺	4.12⁺	0.863a⁺	0.858a⁺	0.861⁺
CV (%)	9.48	14.22	12.08	16.81	17.12	17.03

Comparison treatments	Gross income (R$ ha^-1)			Net income (R$ ha^-1)
	Growing seasons			Growing seasons
	2020	2021	2020/2021	2020	2021	2020/2021
	(S₁)	(S₂)	(S₁/S₂mean)	(S₁)	(S₂)	(S₁/S₂ mean)
Control (T_c)	13177.60a	13455.10a	13316.35	1429.90a	1507.40a	1468.65
MEE treatment	28048.59b⁺	31834.09a⁺	29790.03⁺	4124.33b⁺	7681.58a⁺	5806.78⁺
Manure treatments (T_gm)	26179.41b⁺	28811.69a⁺	27495.55⁺	3107.71b⁺	5688.00a⁺	4397.86⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	24610.20a⁺	23694.40a⁺	24152.30⁺	9596.70a⁺	8680.90a⁺	9138.80⁺
CV (%)	4.65	3.84	4.24	29.13	18.56	22.58

	Rate of return			Profit margin (%)
Control (T )	1. 10a	1.12a	1.11	9.24a	11.14a	10.19
MEE treatment	1.17b⁺	1.32a⁺	1.25⁺	15.48b⁺	25.12a⁺	19.88⁺
Manure treatments (T )	1.15b⁺	1.25a⁺	1.20⁺	11.93b⁺	19.77a⁺	15.85⁺
Mineral treatment (T_mf)	1.64a⁺	1.58a⁺	1.61⁺	38.98a⁺	36.51a⁺	37.75⁺
CV (%)	4.93	4.06	4.50	24.74	13.53	18.49

[1] *Corresponding author

Brasil

Brasil

PRODUÇÃO OTIMIZADA DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI IMATURO SOB ADUBAÇÃO VERDE EM AMBIENTE SEMIÁRIDO

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