REPLACEMENT OF TIFTON 85 HAY WITH MANIÇOBA HAY IN THE SPINELESS CACTUS DIET OF SHEEP<sup>1 2</sup>

SANTOS, FRANCICLEIDE MARIA DE SOUZA CHARLL; LIMA JÚNIOR, DORGIVAL MORAIS DE; CARDOSO, DANIEL BARROS; MACIEL, MICHEL DO VALE; CARVALHO, FRANCISCO FERNANDO RAMOS DE

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n122rc

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Zootechnics • Rev. Caatinga 34 (1) • Jan-Mar 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n122rc copy

REPLACEMENT OF TIFTON 85 HAY WITH MANIÇOBA HAY IN THE SPINELESS CACTUS DIET OF SHEEP^{1 2}

SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO FENO DE TIFTON 85 POR FENO DE MANIÇOBA EM DIETAS A BASE DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA PARA OVINOS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing Tifton 85 hay with maniçoba hay in diets based on spineless cactus on the nutrient intake and digestibility, ingestive behaviour and ruminal parameters of confined sheep. In order to do this, eight male sheep with ruminal cannulae were used, distributed across four levels (0, 333, 666 and 1.000 g kg^-1 of dry matter) of replacement of Tifton 85 hay with maniçoba hay in a double Latin square experimental design. The animals were confined for 60 days divided into four periods of 15 days. The replacement of Tifton 85 hay with maniçoba hay did not influence the dry matter intake or digestibility. However, it influenced in a positive linear fashion the intake of non-fibrous carbohydrates and in a linear negative fashion the digestibility of insoluble fibre in neutral detergent and crude protein. The ruminal ammonia-nitrogen and the crude protein ruminal content decreased linearly with the replacement of Tifton 85 hay with maniçoba hay. There was no effect of hay replacement on the production of volatile fatty acids or the microbial biofilm. The total replacement Tifton 85 by maniçoba hay in spineless cactus diets for sheep did not influence total digestible nutrient intake, volatile fatty acid production or biofilm, but did affect crude protein digestibility, ammonia-nitrogen and crude protein content in the rumen. Therefore, maniçoba hay can replace 300 g kg^-1 grass hay in spineless cactus diets for sheep without compromising intake and ruminal parameters.

Keywords:
Forage cactus; Manihotpseudoglaziovii; Nopalea; Ruminal parameters; Tropical shrub

	Tifton 85 hay	Maniçoba hay	Spineless cactus	Ground corn	Soybean meal
Dry Matter^# # g kg-1 fresh matter;	898.1	895.8	72.3	853.7	865.8
Ash	67.1	78.4	231.1	16.3	89.3
Crude protein	57.1	90.8	76.0	92.9	486.9
NDFap¹ 1 NDFap: neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and nitrogenous compounds;	798.1	616.1	255.2	66.4	174.8
ADF² 2 ADF: Acid detergent fibre;	386.2	462.7	154.8	19.2	81.4
Ether extract	11.3	18.7	15.0	10.4	4.5
NFC³ 3 NFC: Non-fibrous carbohydrates;	25.9	124.1	387.6	784.5	59.8
NDIP⁴ 4 NDIP: neutral detergent insoluble protein;	32.0	50.1	18.6	9.8	67.2
ADIP⁵ 5 ADIP: acid detergent insoluble protein;	2.5	14.7	2.2	1.0	1.6
Lignin	53.6	131.4	18.7	3.7	4.3
ME⁶ 6 EM: Metabolisable energy, Mcal/kg dry matter (DM). ^* * Table-value (VALADARES FILHO et al., 2015).	1.9	2.0	2.3	3.3	3.4

	Replacement levels (g kg ^-1)				SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean.1y=0.2202+0.0007xr2=0.8488; 2y=0.015+0.0000502xr2=0.824; 2 y=0.4297+0.0009xr2=0.648.	P-value
	0	333	666	1.000		L	Q
	Intake (kg day^1-)
Dry matter	1.29	1.27	1.24	1.43	0.19	>0.05	>0.05
Organic matter	1.10	1.08	1.06	1.23	0.16	>0.05	>0.05
Neutral detergent fibre	0.47	0.46	0.43	0.50	0.08	>0.05	>0.05
Acid detergent fibre	0.21	0.22	0.23	0.28	0.09	0.0021¹	>0.05
Crude protein	0.22	0.21	0.20	0.22	0.03	>0.05	>0.05
Ether extract	0.015	0.016	0.017	0.020	0.001	0.0016²	>0.05
Non-fibrous carbohydrates	0.45	0.44	0.46	0.54	0.07	0.0190³	>0.05
Total digestible nutrients	0.83	0.81	0.79	0.90	0.13	>0.05	>0.05
Water intake (kg day^-1)
From drink	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.04	0.01	>0.05	>0.05
From feed	6.71	6.29	6.11	6.89	1.13	>0.05	>0.05

	Replacement levels (g kg^-1)				SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean.	P-value
	0	333	666	1.000	SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean.	L	Q
Dry matter (g kg^-1)	0.69	0.68	0.68	0.66	0.05	>0.05	>0.05
Organic matter (g kg^-1)	0.70	0.70	0.69	0.67	0.04	>0.05	>0.05
Neutral detergent fibre (g kg^-1)	0.57	0.55	0.52	0.47	0.04	<0.0001¹ 1 y=57.17−0.0895xr2=0.965;	>0.05
Crude protein (g kg^-1)	0.81	0.80	0.79	0.76	0.07	0.0010² 2 y = 0 . 8156 − 0 . 0466 x r 2 = 0 . 898 .	>0.05
Ether extract (g kg^-1)	0.40	0.41	0.40	0.43	0.03	>0.05	>0.05

	Replacement levels (g kg ^-1)				SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean.	P-value
	0	333	666	1.000	SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean.	L	Q
Feeding time (min day^-1)	178.5	216.9	183.1	172.5	27.04	>0.05	0.0196¹ 1 y = 183 . 39 + 0 . 9314 x − 0 . 0109 x 2 r 2 = 0 . 608 ;
Rumination time (min day^-1)	317.5	426.2	390.6	433.1	77.39	0.0199² 2 y = 345 . 43 + 0 . 09337 x r 2 = 0 . 704 ;	>0.05
Rest time (min day^-1)	943.8	796.9	866.2	834.4	84.31	>0.05	>0.05
Intake rate (g DM min^-1)	7.66	6.15	6.82	8.34	1.35	>0.05	0.0052³ 3 y = 7 . 5888 − 0 , 0595 x + 0 , 0007 x 2 r 2 = 0 . 964 ;
Intake rate (g NDF min^-1)	2.74	2.22	2.40	2.92	0.47	>0.05	0.0058⁴ 4 y = 2 . 7205 + 0 . 0211 x − 0 . 002 x 2 r 2 = 0 . 975
Rumination rate (g DM min^-1)	3.12	3.13	3.24	3.38	1.06	>0.05	>0.05
Rumination rate (g NDF min^-1)	1.10	1.12	1.13	1.17	0.39	>0.05	>0.05

	Replacement levels (g kg ^-1)				SEM^* * SEM: standard error of the mean; VFAs: volatile fatty acids.	P-value
	0	333	666	1.000		L	Q
Ammonia-nitrogen (mg 100 mL ¹)	23.1	19.9	19.6	18.7	11.01	0.0065¹ 1 y = 23 . 772 − 1 . 3665 x r 2 = 0 . 834 ;	>0.05
PH	6.7	6.8	6.7	6.7	0.30	0.0466	0.0292² 2 y=6.7044+0.0003x−0.000007x2r2=0.625;
Total VFAs (gmol mL^-1)	279.0	311.9	293.0	290.1	107.51	>0.05	>0.05
Acetate (% molar)	87.0	87.2	86.5	87.2	3.54	>0.05	>0.05
Propionate (% molar)	11.4	11.6	12.1	11.4	3.05	>0.05	>0.05
Butyrate (% molar)	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.4	0.74	0.0283³ 3 y = 1 . 6698 − 0 . 0024 x r 2 = 0 . 642 .	>0.05

	Replacement levels (g kg ^-1)				SEM^* 4 y = 2 . 7205 + 0 . 0211 x − 0 . 002 x 2 r 2 = 0 . 975	P-value
	0	333	666	1.000		L	Q
Biofilm (mg mL^-1)	1.6	1.3	1.4	1.5	0.03	>0.05	>0.05
Dry matter (g kg^-1)
Total content	12.3	12.4	13.7	14.9	1.09	0.0001¹	>0.05
Fluid	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.9	0.39	>0.05	>0.05
Solid content	23.3	22.9	23.2	24.5	1.50	>0.05	>0.05
Crude protein (g kg^-1 DM)
Total content	13.4	12.6	11.1	9.6	0.59	0.0001²	>0.05
Fluid	4.5	4.5	4.44	4.43	0.47	>0.05	>0.05
Solid content	6.4	6.0	5.6	5.2	0.45	0.0002³	>0.05
N in the fluid (mg mL^-1)
Bacteria	39.7	45.2	38.3	41.3	6.54	>0.05	>0.05
Protozoa	173.4	178.3	188.0	178.1	3.36	>0.05	>0.05
Cell free liquid	28.6	26.4	26.3	23.9	5.88	>0.05	>0.05

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E-mail: caatinga@ufersa.edu.br

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[1] *Corresponding author

		Replacement levels (g kg ^-1)
	0	333	666	1.000
Ground corn (g kg^-1 DM)	170	170	180	180
Soybean meal (g kg^-1 DM)	110	100	90	80
Spineless cactus (g kg^-1 DM)	400	410	410	420
Maniçoba hay (g kg^-1 DM)	0	100	200	300
Tifton 85 hay (g kg^-1 DM)	300	200	100	0
Mineral mix * (g kg^-1 DM)	10	10	10	10
Urea (g kg^-1 DM)	10	10	10	10
		Chemical composition (g kg^-1 DM)
Dry matter^# # g kg-1 fresh matter;	183.7	183.6	180.0	176.6
Ash	134.6	137.2	137.6	140.1
Crude protein	156.1	154.4	152.8	151.1
Ether extract	11.7	12.5	13.3	14.2
NDFap¹ 1 NDFap: neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and nitrogenous compounds;	372.0	354.6	335.3	317.9
Acid detergent fibre	190.0	198.4	205.4	213.8
Non-fibrous carbohydrates	308.9	326.4	342.5	354.7
NDIP² 2 NDIP: neutral detergent insoluble protein;	26.1	27.5	28.7	30.0
ADIP³ 3 ADIP: acid detergent insoluble protein;	2.0	3.2	4.4	5.7
Lignin	24.7	33.6	40.4	48.3
Total digestible nutrient	643.4	637.8	637.1	629.4
ME⁴ 4 EM: Metabolisable energy, Mcal/kg DM.	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3

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REPLACEMENT OF TIFTON 85 HAY WITH MANIÇOBA HAY IN THE SPINELESS CACTUS DIET OF SHEEP1 2

SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO FENO DE TIFTON 85 POR FENO DE MANIÇOBA EM DIETAS A BASE DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA PARA OVINOS

ABSTRACT

REPLACEMENT OF TIFTON 85 HAY WITH MANIÇOBA HAY IN THE SPINELESS CACTUS DIET OF SHEEP^{1 2}