This study aims to discuss problems related to nursing care of children with aceite respiratory problems, having as a foundation a program of basic action to give total assistance to the health of children in order to control acute respiratory problems (IRA). The following topees are mentioned: characteristics of the need of health services for the infantile population with respiratory problems: basic actions that are the foundation of nursing care; planning of nursing care; competence and preparation of the nursing personnel to attend the basic actions program. Considering the relevance of this theme in child care, the study aims to provide means to give training orientation and to crepare nursing personnel in this area.