Prevalencia y factores asociados a la capacidad laboral inadecuada entre los trabajadores comunitarios de salud en Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil: estudio transversal, 2018

Anjos, Jamile Pereira Dias dos; Freitas, Ronilson Ferreira; Almeida, Karine Suene Mendes; Caldeira, Antônio Prates; Popoff, Daniela Araújo Veloso; Rocha, Josiane Santos Brant

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Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 33 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e2023354.en copiar

Prevalencia y factores asociados a la capacidad laboral inadecuada entre los trabajadores comunitarios de salud en Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil: estudio transversal, 2018

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo

Estimar la prevalencia y analizar factores asociados a la inadecuada capacidad para el trabajo entre los agentes comunitarios de salud (ACSs).

Métodos

Estudio transversal realizado con ACS, de julio a octubre de 2018, en Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil; se investigó la capacidad de trabajo y factores sociodemográficos, ocupacionales y clínicos; las razones de prevalencia (RP) con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC₉₅%) se calcularon mediante regresión de Poisson.

Resultados

De los 675 ACS, el 25,8 % (IC₉₅% 22,7;29,2) presentó capacidad laboral inadecuada; tiempo de servicio superior a 5 años (RP = 1,64; IC₉₅% 1,24;2,18), mal estado de salud (RP = 2,10; IC₉₅% 1,56;2,83), síntomas depresivos (RP = 1,98; IC₉₅% 1,54;2,55) y trastornos de la voz (RP = 1,85; IC₉₅% 1,26;2,73) estaban relacionados con el evento.

Conclusión

Hubo alta prevalencia de capacidad inadecuada para el trabajo, asociada a factores laborales y clínicos.

Palabras clave
Evaluación de la Capacidad de Trabajo; Agente de Salud Comunitario; Vigilancia de la Salud del Trabajador; Personal de Salud; Estudios Transversales

Characteristic variables		Total		Inadequate work ability
Characteristic variables		N	%	n	%
Sociodemografic
Sex
	Male	110	16.3	14	12.7
	Female	565	83.7	160	28.3
Race/skin color
	Black	588	87.1	148	25.2
	White	87	12.9	26	29.9
Marital status
	With a partner	403	59.7	118	29.3
	Without a partner	272	40.3	56	20.6
Schooling
	Higher education	292	43.3	64	21.9
	Elementary education	383	56.7	110	28.7
Family income (in minimum wages)^a
	> 1	629	93.2	168	26.7
	≤ 1	46	6.8	06	13.0
Occupational
Trainning in the healthcare field
	Yes	241	35.7	83	34.4
	No	434	64.3	91	21.0
Length of time working as a CHW (in years)
	≤ 5	382	56.6	58	15.2
	> 5	293	43.4	116	39.6
Clinical
Sedentary behavior (hours spent sitting)
	≤ 4	390	57.8	108	27.7
	> 4	285	42.2	66	23.2
Arterial hypertension
	Do not have	604	89.5	146	24.2
	Have	71	10.5	28	39.4
Self-perceived health status
	Good	398	59.0	55	13.8
	Poor	277	41.0	119	43.0
Body mass index – BMI
	Normal	264	39.1	58	22.0
	Overweight/obesity	411	60.9	116	28.2
Self-esteem
	High self-esteem	408	60.4	103	25.2
	Low self-esteem	267	39.6	71	26.6
Depressive symptoms
	Eperience	547	81.0	98	17.9
	Do not experience	128	19.0	76	59.4
Time spent in the sun (in hours)
	1-4	238	35.3	47	19.7
	> 4	437	64.7	127	29.1
Presence of voice disorders
	No	200	29.6	24	12.0
	Yes	475	70.4	150	31.6

Factors		Crude PR^a (₉₅%CI^b)	p-value^c	Adjusted PR^a (₉₅%CI^b)	p-value^d
Sociodemographic
Sex
	Male	1.00	0.002	1.00	0.079
	Female	2.22 (1.34;3.69)	0.002	1.55 (0.94;2.54)	0.079
Race/skin color
	Black	1.00	0.337	–	–
	White	1.18 (0.83;1.68)	0.337	–	–
Marital status
	With a partner	1.00	0.013	–	–
	Without a partner	0.70 (0.53;0.92)	0.013	–	–
Schooling
	Higher education	1.00	0.048	–	–
	Elementary education	1.31 (1.00;1.71)	0.048	–	–
Family income (in minimum wages)^d
	> 1	1.00	0.064	–	–
	≤ 1	0.48 (0.22;1.04)	0.064	–	–
Occupational
Trainning in the healthcare field
	Yes	1.00	< 0.001	–	–
	No	0.60 (0.47;0.78)	< 0.001	–	–
Length of time working as a CHW (in years)
	≤ 5	1.00	< 0.001	1,00	0.001
	> 5	2.60 (1.97;3.43)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.24;2.18)	0.001
Clinical
Sedentary behavior (hours spent sitting)
	≤ 4	1.00	0.187	–	–
	> 4	0.83 (0.64;1.09)	0.187	–	–
Arterial hypertension
	Do not have	1.00	0.003	–	–
	Have	1.63 (1.18;2.24)	0.003	–	–
Self-perceived health status
	Good	1.00	< 0.001	1.00	< 0.001
	Bad	3.10 (2.34;4.11)	< 0.001	2.10 (1.56;2.83)	< 0.001
Body mass index (BMI)
	Normal	1.00	0.074	–	–
	Overweight/obesity	1.28 (0.97;1.69)	0.074	–	–
Self-esteem
	High self-esteem	1.00	0.695	–	–
	Low self-esteem	1.05 (0.81;1.36)	0.695	–	–
Depressive symptoms
	Do not experience	1.00	< 0.001	1.00	< 0.001
	Experience	3.31 (2.63;4.16)	< 0.001	1.98 (1.54;2.55)	< 0.001
Time spent in the sun (in hours)
	1-4	1.00	0.010	–	–
	> 4	1.47 (1.09;1.97)	0.010	–	–
Presence of voice disorders
	No	1.00	< 0.001	1.00	0.002
	Yes	2.73 (1.82;4.10)	< 0.001	1.85 (1.26;2.73)	0.002

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: ress.svs@gmail.com

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[1] Correspondence: Ronilson Ferreira Freitas | ronnypharmacia@gmail.com