Reception of nutrition information by adult and older adult users of Primary Healthcare: Occurrence, associated factors, and sources of information

LINDEMANN, Ivana Loraine; MOLON, Emily Parker; MINTEM, Gicele Costa; MENDOZA-SASSI, Raúl Andrés

doi:10.1590/1678-98652017000400008

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. Nutr. 30 (04) • Jul-Aug 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000400008 copy

Reception of nutrition information by adult and older adult users of Primary Healthcare: Occurrence, associated factors, and sources of information

Informações sobre nutrição entre adultos e idosos usuários da Atenção Primária de Saúde: ocorrência, fatores associados e fontes de informação

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To investigate reception of nutrition information (outcome), associated factors, and types of sources.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2013, included 1,246 adult and older adult users of the Primary Healthcare network of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample was characterized by reception of nutrition information, its sources, and demographic, socioeconomic, health, knowledge, and life habit variables. Prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals investigated associations between reception of nutrition information and independent variables.

Results:

More than one-third of the sample (37.6%) received nutrition information (95%CI=34.9-40.3). Older adults, individuals with positive self-perceived diet, those who received health information, and those who were physically active were more likely to receive nutrition information, and normal weight individuals were less likely. The outcome differed by income strata, being highest in the highest quintile. There was a linear trend for education level and for following the Ten Steps to Healthy Eating: the outcome was more likely in individuals with at least higher education and those who followed at least four steps. The most cited sources of nutrition information were television shows (56.2%), other (46.2%), physician (41.2%), Internet (25.1%), and family members (20.9%), which did not differ by sex.

Conclusion:

Primary healthcare users received little nutrition information, and television could be a useful tool for the institutions responsible for the sector to disseminate the official nutritional recommendations.

Keywords:
Feeding behaviour; Health promotion; Nutrition in public health; Primary health care.

Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Núcleo de Editoração SBI - Campus II , Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n. - Prédio de Odontologia, 13059-900 Campinas - SP Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 19 3343-6875 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: sbi.submissionrn@puc-campinas.edu.br

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[1] Correspondência para/Correspondence to: IL LINDEMANN. E-mail: <ivanaloraine@hotmail.com>.

Variables	n	%
Sex
Male	203	16.3
Female	1,043	83.7
Age
20-59	969	77.8
60 or more	277	22.2
Self-reported skin color (n=1,244)
Black and others	457	36.7
White	787	63.3
Marital status
No partner	496	39.8
Has partner	750	60.2
Education level
Elementary school	832	66.8
High school	276	22.1
Higher education or more	138	11.1
Employment status
Employed	396	31.8
Not employed	850	68.2
Self-reported medical diagnosis of chronic noncommunicable diseases
No	576	46.2
Yes	670	53.8
Nutritional status (n=1,113)
Excess weight	679	61.0
Normal weight	434	39.0
Self-perceived health
Negative	518	41.6
Positive	728	58.4
Self-perceived diet
Negative	459	36.8
Positive	787	63.2
Food insecurity (n=982)
Yes	137	14.0
No	845	86.0
Reception of health information
No	466	37.4
Yes	780	62.6
Care model
Traditional	577	46.3
Family health	669	53.7
Compliance with Ten Steps to Healthy Eating
Noncompliance	47	3.8
Compliance with 1-3 steps	983	78.9
Compliance with 4 or more steps	216	17.3
Difficulties to eat a healthy diet
Yes	387	31.1
No	859	68.9
Smoking status
Smoker	292	23.4
Nonsmoker	954	76.6
Physical activity
Inactive	928	74.5
Active	318	25.5
Alcohol intake
Yes	185	14.8
No	1,061	85.2

Variables	Crude			Adjusted
Variables	PR	95%CI	p	PR	95%CI	p
1st level: Demographic and socioeconomic (n=1,244)
Sex			0.170^a			<0.064^a
Female	1.23	0.92-1.65		1.32	0.98-1.77
Age			<0.021^a			<0.011^a
60 or more	1.13	1.02-1.25		1.17	1.04-1.31
Self-reported skin color			<0.762^a			<0.735^a
White	1.03	0.86-1.22		0.97	0.81-1.16
Marital status			<0.320^a			<0.279^a
Has partner	1.08	0.93-1.25		1.09	0.93-1.27
Quintiles of family income per capita			<0.001^b			<0.001^b
2nd	1.03	0.78-1.37		1.01	0.77-1.32
3rd	1.34	1.07-1.68		1.33	1.06-1.66
4th	1.31	1.06-1.61		1.24	1.03-1.50
5th	1.63	1.35-1.98		1.51	1.26-1.80
Education level			<0.001^c			<0.001^c
High school	1.30	1.13-1.51		1.29	1.11-1.49
Higher education or more	1.62	1.31-2.01		1.52	1.21-1.91
Employment status			<0.740^a			<0.585^a
Not employed	0.98	0.86-1.12		1.04	0.89-1.22
2nd level: Health status (n=874)
Self-reported medical diagnosis of NCD			<0.136^a			<0.067^a
Yes	1.12	0.96-1.31		1.18	0.99-1.40
Nutritional status			<0.001^a			<0.001^a
Normal weight	0.82	0.72-0.92		0.75	0.64-0.89
Self-perceived health			<0.333^a			<0.912^a
Positive	1.08	0.93-1.26		1.01	0.88-1.16
Self-perceived diet			<0.001^a			<0.016^a
Positive	1.29	1.11-1.49		1.22	1.04-1.44
Food insecurity			<0.001^a			<0.075^a
No	1.48	1.19-1.84		1.32	0.97-1.78
3rd level: Knowledge and access to health services (n=874)
Reception of health information			<0.001^a			<0.001^a
Yes	3.70	2.79-4.92		3.41	2.54-4.57
Care model			<0.660^a			<0.331^a
Family health	1.03	0.90-1.19		1.10	0.91-1.33
4th level: Life habits (n=874)
Compliance with Ten Steps to Healthy Eating			<0.001^c			<0.004^c
Compliance with 1-3 steps	1.02	0.71-1.46		1.14	0.78-1.66
Compliance with 4 or more steps	1.51	1.01-2.25		1.43	0.95-2.14
Difficulties to eat a healthy diet			<0.084^a			<0.916^a
No	1.13	0.98-1.31		1.01	0.86-1.19
Smoking status			<0.003^a			<0.141^a
Nonsmoker	1.30	1.09-1.56		1.20	0.94-1.53
Physical activity			<0.001^a			<0.048^a
Active	1.42	1.22-1.64		1.17	1.00-1.37
Alcohol intake			<0.301^a			<0.708^a
No	1.12	0.90-1.39		1.06	0.79-1.42

Variables	n	%	95%CI
Television program	263	56.2	51.7-60.7
Other	216	46.2	41.6-50.7
Physician	193	41.2	36.8-45.6
Internet (n=451)	113	25.1	21.0-29.1
Family member	98	20.9	17.2-24.6
Newspaper (n=451)	88	19.5	15.8-23.2
Magazine (n=451)	82	18.2	14.6-21.8
Friend	82	17.5	14.1-21.0
Book (n=451)	77	17.1	13.6-20.6
Nurse	76	16.2	12.9-20.0
Radio program	54	11.5	09.0-14.4