Food practices and nutritional status of university students who use the University Restaurant

Araujo, Gabriela Ferreira dos Anjos; Pereira, Alessandra da Silva; Santos, Cláudia Roberta Bocca; Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes Carlos Ferreirinha; Ribas, Simone Augusta

doi:10.1590/1678-9865202336e220106

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Sumário

ORIGINAL | Collective Health • Rev Nutr 36 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202336e220106 copy

Food practices and nutritional status of university students who use the University Restaurant

Práticas alimentares e o estado nutricional entre estudantes universitários usuários do Restaurante-Escola

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To evaluate the food practices and nutritional status of students who use the University Restaurant at a public university.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 958 university students. Data related to regular eating practices (≥5 times/week), routine food consumption and nutritional status were collected. The association between University Restaurant attendance and dietary practices and body mass index was reviewed by bivariate logistic regression model and multiple regression.

Results

Students who attended the University Restaurant three or more times a week were more likely to regularly consume beans (OR: 1.35, p=0.041) and fresh salad (OR: 1.77, p<0.001) and less likely to have afternoon snack (OR: 0.68; p=0.008). In addition, an association between soda consumption and overweight was observed.

Conclusion

Thus, the importance of strategies that seek to promote incentives for healthy eating and lifestyle practices in the university population become evident.

Keywords
Feeding behavior; Nutritional status; Public policy; Students

Variables		Total		<3 times		≥3 times		p-value^* * Chi-square test;
Variables		n	%	n	%	n	%	p-value^* * Chi-square test;
Gender (n=957)
	Female	526	55.0	342	59.6	184	48.0	<0.001
	Male	431	45.0	232	40.4	199	52.0	<0.001
Age Group (years) (n=931)
	<20	188	20.2	102	18.1	86	23.5	0.12
	20 a 35	703	75.5	437	77.3	266	72.7
	>35	40	4.3	26	4.6	14	3.8
Course Type (n=882)
	Human	589	66.8	341	66.0	248	67.9	0.01
	Biologicals	162	18.4	110	21.3	52	14.2
	Exact	131	14.9	66	12.8	65	17.8
Occupation (n=906)
	Does not have	472	52.1	266	50.6	206	54.2	0.40
	Formal Employment	65	7.2	42	8.0	23	6.1
	Informal Employment	106	11.7	58	11.0	48	12.6
	Academic scholar	263	29.0	160	30.4	103	27.1
With whom live (n=947)
	Alone	83	8.8	48	9.0	35	9.2	0.41
	With Family	784	82.8	442	83.2	306	80.5
	With friends	67	7.1	36	6.8	31	8.2
	Other	13	1.4	5	0.9	8	2.1
Snack consumption (n= 902)
	Yes	721	79.9	432	82.4	289	76.5	0.30
	No/Does not apply	181	20.1	92	17.6	89	23.5	0.30
Nutritional Status^ Classified by Body Mass Index. (n=913)
	Not overweight	638	69.9	382	70.4	256	69.2	0.71
	Overweight	275	30.1	161	29.7	114	30.8	0.71

Food Practices		Total (≥5 vezes)		Frequency to UR (times/week)
		Total (≥5 vezes)		<3		≥3
		n	%	n	%	n	%
Food Routine
	Breakfast (n=905)	535	59.1	319	59.6	216	40.4
	Morning Snack (n=901)	168	18.6	92	54.8	76	45.2
	Lunch (n=903)	755	83.6	430	57.0	325	43.0
	Afternoon Snack (n=898)	417	46.4	258	61.9	159	38.1
	Dinner (n=615)	289	47.0	174	60.2	115	39.8
	Replacement of lunch with snack (n=898)	31	3.5	22	71.0	9	29.0
	Replacement of dinner with snack (n=904)	130	14.4	90	69.2	40	30.8
Frequency of Food Consumption
	Vegetables (n=899)	517	57.5	285	55.1	232	44.9
	Beans (n=900)	513	57.0	283	55.2	230	44.8
	Fruits (n=876)	247	28.2	145	58.7	102	41.3
	Salad (n=897)	265	29.5	129	48.7	136	51.3
	French Fries (n=902)	19	2.1	11	57.9	8	42.1
	Cookies (n=876)	208	23.7	126	60.6	82	39.4
	Sausages (n=900)	109	12.1	69	63.3	40	36.7
	Candies (n=876)	218	24.9	121	55.5	97	44.5
	Sugar-sweetened beverages (n=876)	414	47.3	241	58.2	173	41.8
	Soft drink (n=872)	100	11.5	60	60.0	40	40.0

Food Practices and Nutritional Status		Adjusted OR^* * OR: Odds ratio;	95% CI	p-value^ Adjusted for gender and age.
Bivariate analysis
Food routine (≥5 vezes/semana)
	Breakfast (n=905)	0.88	0.66-1.16	0.35
	Morning Snack (n=901)	1.21	0.85-1.70	0.28
	Lunch (n=903)	1.28	0.88-1.86	0.20
	Afternoon Snack (n=898)	0.72	0.55-0.95	0.02
	Dinner (n=615)	0.97	0.69-1.37	0.22
	Replacement of lunch with snack (n=898)	0.60	0.27-1.34	0.22
	Replacement of dinner with snack (n=904)	0.63	0.42-0.96	0.03
Food frequency (≥5 vezes/semana)
	Vegetables (n=899)	1.34	1.01-1.77	0.04
	Beans (n=900)	1.37	1.03-1.81	0.03
	Fruits (n=876)	0.99	0.73-1.35	0.96
	Salad (n=897)	1.77	1.31-2.38	<0.001
	French Fries (n=902)	0.89	0.34-2.34	0.82
	Cookies (n=876)	0.89	0.64-1.23	0.47
	Sausages (n=900)	0.75	0.49-1.15	0.19
	Candies (n=876)	1.17	0.85-1.60	0.34
	Sugar-sweetened beverages (n=876)	0.96	0.72-1.26	0.76
	Soft drink (n=872)	0.89	0.58-1.37	0.60
Nutritional Status (BMI) (n=950)
	Not overweight	1	-	-
	Overweight	1.12	0.79-1.58	0.50
Multivariate analysis
	Afternoon Snack (n=898)	0.68	0.51-0.90	0.01
	Beans (n=900)	1.35	1.01-1.79	0.04
	Salad (n=897)	1.77	1.31-2.40	<0.001
	Vegetables (n=844)	0.01	-0.15-0.19	0.83
	Sausages (n=845)	-0.04	-0.26-0.18	0.74

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