Knowledge of resting energy expenditure is of paramount importance for the determination of energy requirements and consequently for the establishment of energy recommendations of an individual. Elevated energy expenditure, if not supplied by enough food consumption, may contribute to malnutrition and higher risk of morbidity and mortality. In patients with chronic kidney disease, uremia per se and the dialysis treatment are frequently associated with several disturbances, such as metabolic acidosis, insulin resistance, secondary hyperparathyroidism and inflammation, that might in part contribute to the increase in resting energy expenditure. The present review aims to describe the studies on resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic kidney disease and the factors influencing energy expenditure in this population.
Chronic kidney disease; Dialysis; Nutritional status; Energy metabolism