Relationship between aerobic capacity with Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns in children: A cross-sectional study

SILVEIRA-RODRIGUES, João Gabriel; SOARES, Gabriel Araújo; LAMOUNIER, Joel Alves; SOARES, Danusa Dias; DAMASCENO, Vinícius de Oliveira; GONÇALVES, Reginaldo

doi:10.1590/1678-98652018000500004

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev Nutr 31 (5) • Sep-Oct 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652018000500004 copy

Relationship between aerobic capacity with Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns in children: A cross-sectional study

Relação da capacidade aeróbica com o peso ao nascer e padrões de aleitamento materno em crianças: um corte transversal de escolares

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To analyze if aerobic capacity is related to Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns in boys and girls, products of a term pregnancy and normal weight.

Methods

A representative sample of 230 Brazilian children (6-10 years old), born at term (after 37-weeks’ gestation) with normal weight (between 2.5 and 4.0kg). These children performed a Yo-Yo Test to estimate their aerobic capacity and mothers reported their children’s Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the association between aerobic capacity with Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns.

Results

We did not observe any significant associations between aerobic capacity with Birth Weight and breastfeeding time in either sexes (p>0.05).

Conclusion

These results indicate that aerobic capacity is not related with Birth Weight or breastfeeding time in children born with normal weight and gestational age, suggesting that this complex physiological parameter does not appear to be determined by intrauterine factors that dictate the Birth Weight and breastfeeding patterns in the beginning of life.

Keywords
Breastfeeding; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Child; Normal Birth Weight; Nutritional status; Term birth

Characteristics			Girls		Total
Characteristics	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age
6	14	11.1	19	18.4	33	14.4
7	26	20.6	12	11.7	38	16.6
8	26	20.6	19	18.4	45	19.7
9	29	23.0	32	31.1	61	26.6
10	31	24.6	21	20.4	52	22.7
Exclusive breastfeeding time
Ingested infant formula	13	10.3	13	12.5	26	11.3
0-3 months	35	27.8	25	24.0	60	26.1
4-6 months	60	47.6	45	43.6	105	45.6
At least for 7 months	18	14.3	21	19.9	40	17.0

Parameters			Girls (n=104)
Parameters	M	CI	M	CI
Birth Weight (kg)	3.22	3.16 – 3.29	3.21	3.13 – 3.30
VO_2max (ml.Kg^-1.min^-1)	52.00	51.40 – 52.6	49.70	49.10 – 50.3^* * p<0,05 between boys and girls in the Student’s t-test.
Body mass index	17.70	17.10 – 18.2	17.10	16.40 – 17.80
Body fat percentage (%)	18.80	17.30 – 20.2	21.40	20.20 – 22.6^* * p<0,05 between boys and girls in the Student’s t-test.
Body mass (Kg)	32.00	14.70 – 49.3	30.40	17.90 – 48.30
Height (cm)	1.34	1.14 – 1.54	1.32	1.14 – 1.510
Lean mass (Kg)	25.40	24.60 – 26.3	23.40	22.40 – 24.40
Fat mass (Kg)	6.60	5.70 – 7.4	7.00	6.10 – 7.8^* * p<0,05 between boys and girls in the Student’s t-test.

Parameters	Boys			Girls
Parameters	M		SD	M		SD
1^st tertile BW (n=42/34)	52.8	±	3.5	49.7	±	3.3^* * p<0,05 indicates differences between the 1st and 3rd tertile of boys;
3^rd tertile BW (n=42/33)	51.6	±	2.9	50.2	±	3.3^* * p<0,05 indicates differences between the 1st and 3rd tertile of boys;
AM_EXC (n=53/55)	52.3	±	3.8	49.8	±	3.1^ p<0,05 indicates differences between the boys’ AMEXC and AMNON-EXC in relation to the girls’ in the two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Values in ml.kg-1.min-1 and in Mean±Standard Deviation. BW: Birth Weight; AMEXC: Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 months; AMNON-EXC: Non-Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 months.
AM_NON-EXC (n=73/49)	51.8	±	3.3	49.6	±	3.1^ p<0,05 indicates differences between the boys’ AMEXC and AMNON-EXC in relation to the girls’ in the two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Values in ml.kg-1.min-1 and in Mean±Standard Deviation. BW: Birth Weight; AMEXC: Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 months; AMNON-EXC: Non-Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 months.

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[1] Correspondência para/Correspondence to: R GONÇALVES. E-mail: <reginaldociclismo@hotmail.com>.