Abstract
Introduction
Different methodologies were used for histological evaluation of osseointegration, leading to different results.
Objective
The objective is to compare different methodologies for histomorphometric analysis of the osseointegration of implants with different surfaces, installed in rat tibias.
Material and method
Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8) for implant installation. These groups were divided according to the type of implant that will be installed in the tibia: Hydrophilic Group (installation of an implant with a surface modified by oxide blasting and acid attack and maintained in a sodium chloride solution), Hydrophobic Group (installation of an implant with surface modified by oxide blasting and acid attack) and Machined Group (implant installation with machined surface). Within 45 days after the surgical procedures to install the implants, the animals were euthanized and the tibias were removed, and histological processing was carried out for non-decalcified samples. After obtaining the slides, histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the percentages of bone-implant contact (%BIC) and the bone area between the turns (%BBT). Measurements were carried out in two different regions: 1) the implant threads in the cortical bone region and 2) all implant threads inserted into the bone (cortical and medullary). Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test for inferential data analysis.
Result
The BIC and BBT were analyzed independently in the cortical and trabecular/total regions, a difference was observed in the histological behavior of the implants according to the surface treatment. HFL implants showed trabecular BIC (%) 16.85% higher (p=0.02) than HFB implants and 26.12% higher (p≤0.0001) than machined implants. However, the cortical region of all groups showed significantly higher cortical BIC values around the implants, regardless of the surface.
Conclusion
the results obtained demonstrated that peri-implant bone formation was superior in analyzes carried out only on cortical bone, compared to the values obtained in the total measurement (cortical bone plus medullary bone). It was also possible to observe that, even within the same surface, the BIC(%) values were higher in cortical bone. Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that different methodologies for histometric analysis of osseointegration around different surfaces of implants installed in rat tibias can interfere with the results of osseointegration regardless of the surface analyzed.
Descriptors:
Bone; dental implants; histometric
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