POTENCIALIDADES Y DESAFIOS DE LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN EN LAS SALAS DE VACUNACIÓN EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA DE SALUD

Leal, Francisca Kessiana Freitas; Rouberte, Emilia Soares Chaves; Costa, Edmara Chaves; Silva, Maria Kelviane Freitas da; Firmino, Heber Cauã de Sousa; Rêgo Neto, Manoel de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2025-0181en

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 35 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2025-0181en linkcopiar

POTENCIALIDADES Y DESAFIOS DE LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN EN LAS SALAS DE VACUNACIÓN EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA DE SALUD

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objetivo: Investigar las potencialidades y los desafíos de los sistemas de información utilizados en las salas de vacunación de la Atención Primaria de Salud en municipios del Maciço de Baturité, Ceará, en el período de diciembre de 2024 a enero de 2025.

Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional y cuantitativo, realizado entre diciembre de 2024 y enero de 2025 en 23 salas de vacunación del sistema de Atención Primaria de Salud de Itapiúna, Capistrano, Aracoiaba y Acarape/Ceará. La recolección de datos se realizó en dos etapas: aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado y observación sistemática mediante un guión adaptado del Programa de Evaluación del Instrumento de Supervisión de Salas de Vacunación (PAISS). Las dimensiones de estructura y proceso de Donabedian guiaron el análisis, que se realizó en Microsoft Excel para la tabulación y en el Statistical Package for the Social Sciences para el cálculo de frecuencias y medidas de tendencia central.

Resultados: Se identificó que el 82,61% de las salas utilizan el Sistema de Información del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones (SI-PNI) y sistemas integrados al Sistema de Información de Atención Primaria (SISAB), demostrando avances en la informatización de los servicios. Sin embargo, se observaron debilidades en el relleno de formularios específicos para eventos adversos (62,22%) y en la evaluación de inmunobiológicos sospechosos (52,17%), además de baja participación de todo el equipo en las rutinas de monitoreo (26,09%).

Conclusiones: Se verificó la adecuación funcional de los sistemas de información en salud en el contexto analizado, aunque persisten limitaciones en cuanto al uso estratégico de los datos y la consolidación de rutinas sistemáticas de seguimiento y vigilancia en las salas de vacunación de la atención primaria de salud.

DESCRIPTORES:
Sistemas de Información en Salud; Programas de Inmunización; Atención Primaria de Salud; Vigilancia en Salud Pública; Enfermería

Dimension	Variables	Description
Structure	- Availability and use of Information Systems (SI-PNI and integrated systems); - Vaccination room infrastructure for informational support; - Training of professionals to operate the systems.	This refers to the physical, human, and organizational resources that support the implementation of health actions. In this dimension, the study evaluates the presence of the systems, the adequacy of the physical environment, and the technical training of the teams responsible for vaccination.
Process	- Registration, supervision and analysis of vaccination data; - Use (or non-use) of information for management and decision-making; - Existence (or absence) of standardized routines and protocols.	This refers to the activities and practices carried out in the health service. In this dimension, the focus of the study is on how information systems are used in everyday life, including workflows, the managerial use of data, and adherence to standardized practices.

Items	Participants (n=23)
Age [years]
Mean	35.91
Minimum - Median - Maximum	22.00 - 36.00 - 58.00
Sex
Female	23
Race/skin color
Black	03
Brown	16
White	04
Marital status
Single	13
Married	06
Other	04
Professional Category
Nurse	01
Nursing technician	22
Training Institution
Public	20
Private	3
Time since graduation (years)
Mean	11.82
Minimum - Median - Maximum	3.00-11.00-23.00
Years of experience in the healthcare field
Mean	9.78
Minimum - Median - Maximum	2.00-8.00-22.00
Years of experience working in vaccination rooms (years)
Mean	7.43
Minimum - Median - Maximum	2.00-6.00-20.00
Currently, do you work exclusively in the vaccination room?
Yes	19
No	4
Have you ever participated in any training programs related to immunization?
Yes	17
No	6

Items observed	Yes (n)	No (n)
1. The National Immunization Program System (SIPNI) and the Citizen's Electronic Medical Record (PEC) or Simplified Data Collection (CDS), or proprietary or third-party systems duly integrated with the Health Information System for Primary Care (SISAB), are implemented in the unit.	19	04
2. All professionals are familiar with and routinely use SIPNI and PEC or CDS, or their own or third-party systems that integrate with SISAB, for recording and monitoring vaccination rooms.	19	04
3. The unit provides the forms and instruments for recording vaccination-related care.	23	00
4. The room provides and uses the child's vaccination card or booklet during vaccination appointments.	23	00
5. The room provides and uses the adult's vaccination card or booklet for vaccination services.	23	00
6. The room provides and uses the pregnant woman's card or booklet for vaccination services.	23	00
7. The room provides and uses the older person's vaccination card or booklet for vaccination services.	19	04
8. The room keeps a daily report of vaccine doses administered.	20	03
9. The room produces a monthly report of vaccine doses administered.	23	00
10. The room has a control card for individuals with scheduled vaccinations for the workday, or the scheduling can be checked through an information system.	22	01
11. The room has a daily temperature control chart for the refrigeration equipment.	21	02
12. The room has a form for investigating adverse events following vaccination.	15	08
13. The room has a form for evaluating suspected immunobiologicals (of having quality deviation).	12	11
14. The movement of immunobiologicals is recorded monthly.	22	01
15. The technicians in charge are familiar with and know how to properly fill out the forms and instruments.	17	06
16. The head nurse periodically supervises the vaccination record.	21	02
17. There is a routine for monitoring and evaluating vaccination indicators.	21	02
18. The entire team participates in the monitoring and evaluation processes.	17	06
19. The vaccination coverage indicator is monitored.	22	01
20. The dropout rate indicator is monitored.	21	02
21. Professionals are familiar with and regularly discuss the available information.	20	03

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Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[TFN1] Source: based on Donabedian¹¹.