PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREASTFEEDING IN THE FIRST HOUR OF LIFE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Viana, Vera Alice Oliveira; Castro, Lucélia da Cunha; Rufino, Andréa Cronemberger; Madeiro, Alberto Pereira

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0181en

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 33 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0181en copy

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREASTFEEDING IN THE FIRST HOUR OF LIFE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS A LA LACTANCIA EN LA PRIMERA HORA DE VIDA: ESTUDIO TRANSVERSAL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with breastfeeding in the first hour of life.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study made with postpartum women who were patients at public maternity hospitals in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, between 2020-2021. Aspects such as sociodemographic and behavioral data of the woman and her intimate partner, obstetric characteristics, in addition to intimate partner violence during pregnancy were evaluated. A hierarchical analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression, in which the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) were calculated.

Results:

413 women were interviewed. There was a 66.8% prevalence of breastfeeding in the first hour of life. Factors such as the presence of a companion (AOR=1.66; CI95% 1.34-2.29), skin-to-skin contact with the newborn (AOR=2.14; CI95% 1.04-4.38) and experiencing a natural birth (AOR=2.06; CI95% 1.90-4.73) increased the chances of breastfeeding in the first hour. The lack of a partner (AOR=0.47; CI95% 0.25-0.86) and having a non-white partner (AOR=0.45; CI95% 0.24-0.83) were factors that decreased the chances of breastfeeding.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of breastfeeding in the first hour of life was considered good. Obstetric and childbirth care factors contributed positively to the practice of breastfeeding. The collected data reinforce the importance of offering quality assistance during the parturition process.

DESCRIPTORS:
Breastfeeding; Postpartum period; Maternal-child health; Maternity hospitals; Cross-sectional studies

Variables	All		Breastfeeding in the first hour YES		COR^*	CI95%^†	P
Variables	n	%	n	%	COR^*	CI95%^†	P
Woman
Age group (years old)
10-19	72	17.4	52	72.2	1		0.446^‡
20-29	206	49.9	141	68.4	0.83	0.46-1.51
30-39	124	30.0	76	61.3	0.61	0.32-1.14
≥40	11	2.7	7	63.6	0.67	0.18-2.55
Skin color
White	39	9.4	26	66.7	1	-	0.982^‡
Non-white	374	90.6	250	66.8	1.01	0.50-2.03	0.982^‡
Schooling (years of study)
0-4	13	3.1	11	84.6	2.32	0.48-11.12	0.406^‡
5-8	101	24.5	71	70.3	1	-
9-11	259	62.7	169	65.3	0.79	0.48-1.31
≥12	40	9.7	25	62.5	0.70	0.33-1.52
Occupation
Occupied	75	18.2	51	68.0	1.07	0.62-1.82	0.812^§
Unoccupied	338	81.8	225	66.6	1	-	0.812^§
Income
Yes	75	18.2	51	68.0	1.07	0.62-1.82	0.812^§
No	338	81.8	225	66.6	1	-	0.812^§
Marital status
With partner	355	86.0	246	69.3	1	-	0.008^§
Without partner	58	14.0	30	51.7	0.47	0.27-0.83	0.008^§
Alcohol consumption
Yes	25	6.1	19	76.0	1.61	0.63-4.14	0.315^§
No	388	93.9	257	66.2	1	-	0.315^§
Tobacco use
Yes	9	2.2	7	77.8	1.76	0.36-8.57	0.724^§
No	404	97.8	169	66.6	1	-	0.724^§
Use of illicit drugs
Yes	2	0.5	2	100.0	-	-	-
No	411	99.5	274	66.7	-	-	-
Intimate Partner
Age group (years old) (n=406)^\|\|
15-19	19	4.6	15	78.9	1	-	0.266^§
20-29	188	45.5	128	68.1	0.57	0.18-1.79
30-39	146	35.4	99	67.8	0.56	0.18-1.78
≥40	53	12.8	30	56.6	0.35	0.10-1.19
Skin color (n=409)^\|\|
White	82	19.9	66	80.5	1	-	0.003^§
Non-white	327	79.1	207	63.3	0.42	0.23-0.76	0.003^§
Schooling (years of study) (n=355)^\|\|
0-4	23	5.6	13	56.5	1	-	0.511^§
5-8	98	23.7	67	68.4	1.66	0.66-4.21
9-11	207	50.1	146	70.5	1.84	0.77-4.42
≥12	27	6.5	17	63.0	1.31	0.42-4.07
Occupation (n=411)^\|\|
Occupied	335	81.1	224	66.9	0.99	0.58-1.68	0.968^§
Unoccupied	76	18.4	51	67.1	1	-	0.968^§
Family provider (n=411)^\|\|
Yes	281	68.0	189	67.3	1.05	0.67-1.63	0.825^§
No	130	31.5	86	66.2	1	-	0.825^§
Alcohol use (n=411)^\|\|
Yes	239	57.9	156	65.3	0.84	0.55-1.27	0.405^§
No	172	41.6	119	69.2	1	-	0.405^§
Tobacco use (n=411)^\|\|
Yes	61	14.8	47	77.0	1.80	0.95-3.39	0.068^§
No	350	84.7	228	65.1	1	-	0.068^§
Use of illicit drugs (n=407)^\|\|
Yes	18	4.4	14	77.8	1.80	0.58-5.57	0.303^§
No	389	94.2	257	66.1	1	-	0.303^§

Variables	All		Breastfeeding in the first hour YES		COR^*	CI95%^†	P
Variables	n	%	n	%	COR^*	CI95%^†	P
Number of pregnancies
1	154	37.3	101	65.6	1	-	0.679^‡
>1	259	62.7	71	67.6	1.09	0.72-1.67	0.679^‡
Number of abortions
0	336	81.4	225	67.0	0.96	0.54-1.72	0.897^§
1	62	15.0	42	67.7	1	-
2	13	3.1	8	61.5	0.76	0.22-2.63
3	2	0.5	1	50.0	0.48	0.03-8.01
Number of deliveries
1	171	41.4	113	66.1	1.39	0.67-2.90	0.563^‡
2	116	28.1	80	69.0	1.59	0.74-3.43
3	74	17.9	49	66.2	1.40	0.62-3.17
4	36	8.7	21	58.3	1	-
≥5	16	3.9	13	81.3	3.09	0.75-12.80
Planned pregnancy
Yes	144	34.9	94	65.3	0.90	0.58-1.38	0.624^‡
No	269	65.1	182	67.7	1	-
Feelings regarding unplanned pregnancy (n=269)
Unwanted	21	7.8	14	66.7	1	-		0.919^‡
Wanted	248	92.2	168	67.7	1.05	0.41-2.70		0.919^‡
Number of prenatal care appointments
None	2	0.5	-	-			0.861^‡
<6	82	19.9	54	65.9	1	-
>6	329	79.7	220	66.9	1.05	0.63-1.74
Received guidance on breastfeeding
Yes	150	36.3	94	62.7	0.75	0.49-1.15	0.183^‡
No	263	63.7	181	69.1	1	-	0.183^‡
Received guidance on physical activity
Yes	231	55.9	149	64.5	0.79	0.52-1.20	0.274^‡
No	182	44.1	126	69.6	1	-	0.274^‡
Companion during labor
Yes	178	43.1	134	75.3	1.99	1.30-3.06	0.001^‡
No	235	56.9	142	60.4	1	-	0.001^‡
Skin-to-skin contact with the newborn
Yes	194	47.0	153	78.9	2.91	1.88-4.50	0.001^‡
No	219	53.0	123	56.2	1	-	0.001^‡
Type of delivery
Natural birth	158	38.3	128	81.0	3.08	1.93-4.93	0.001^‡
Cesarean Section	255	61.7	148	58.0	1		0.001^‡
Gestational age (weeks)
<37	37	9.0	21	56.8	1	-	0.374^‡
37-40	263	63.7	177	67.3	1.57	0.78-3.16
>40	113	27.4	78	69.0	1.70	0.79-3.64
Birth weight (grams)
<2000	-	-					0.342^‡
2000-2500	35	8.5	20	57.1	1	-
2501-4000	351	85.0	236	67.2	1.54	0.76-3.12
>4000	27	6.5	20	74.1	2.14	0.72-6.38
Gender of the Newborn
Male	203	49.2	131	64.5	0.82	0.541-1.23	0.330^‡
Female	210	50.8	145	69.0	1	-	0.330^‡
5-Minute Apgar score
<7	3	0.7	-	-	-	-	-
≥7	410	99.3	276	67.3	-	-
Breastfeeding in the first hour of life
Yes	276	66.8	-	-	-	-	-
No	137	33.2	-	-	-	-

Variables	All		Breastfeeding in the first hour YES		COR^*	CI95%^†	p
Variables	N	%	n	%	COR^*	CI95%^†	p
Physical violence during pregnancy
Yes	6	1.5	4	66.7	0.99	0.18-5.49	1.000^‡
No	407	98.5	272	66.8	1	-
Psychological violence during pregnancy
Yes	15	3.6	11	73.3	1.38	0.43-4.42	0.782^§
No	398	96.4	265	66.6	1
Sexual violence during pregnancy
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	413	100.0	276	66.8	-	-
Any sort of violence during pregnancy
Yes	15	3.6	11	68.8	1.09	0.37-3.22	0.868^‡
No	398	96.4	265	66.8	1	-
Physical violence at some point in life
Yes	29	7.0	23	79.3	1.99	0.79-4.99	0.139^‡
No	384	93.0	253	65.9	1	-
Sexual violence at some point in life
Yes	3	0.7	3	100.0	-	-	-
No	410	99.3	273	66.6	-	-
Psychological violence at some point in life
Yes	44	10.7	33	75.0	1.56	0.76-3.18	0.223^‡
No	369	89.3	243	65.9	1	-
Any sort of violence at some point in life
Yes	104	25.2	73	70.2	1.23	0.76-1.99	0.400^‡
No	309	74.8	203	65.7	1	-

Variables	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Variables	AOR^*	CI95%^†	AOR^*	CI95%^†	AOR^*	CI95%^†
Marital status
With partner	1
Without partner	0.50	0.28-0,89^‡
Skin color (partner)
White	1
Non-white	0.43	0.24-0,78^‡
Tobacco use
Yes	1.79	0.94-3.42
No	1
Physical violence at some point in life
Yes			1.93	0.75-4.99
No			1
Received guidance on breastfeeding
Yes					0.73	0.46-1.15
No					1
Had a companion during labor
Yes					1.66	1.34-2,29^‡
No					1
Skin-to-skin contact with the newborn
Yes					2.14	1,04 - 4,38^‡
No					1
Type of delivery
Natural birth					2.06	1.90-4,73^‡
Cesarean section					1

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Vera Alice Oliveira Viana veraalice75@hotmail.com