Abstract:
This text aims to discuss the theory of knowledge in Marx and Engels, noting as well their studies of science. These two thinkers of the nineteenth century did not stand out for developing philosophical reflections on the subject, in contrast to the moderns. In order to understand their own historical moment, characterized by capitalist production, Marx and Engels concerned themselves with criticizing and revising the idealist philosophies of their day, considering these philosophies to be ideological and insufficient for thinking about what they understood by material and social reality. They therefore developed new theoretical assumptions which sought to clarify the relationship between productive forces, understanding these forces as the basis upon which social relations and the ideas corresponding to them, as well as the historical struggles within society, were engendered. They understood that knowledge and science are articulated on the basis of material production, and saw it as their task to explain the relationship between these factors. This way of understanding the society of their time was an original one, justifying studies that seek theoretical references in their thought that are useful for understanding current contradictions.
Keywords:
Science; Knowledge; Marxism