Two new cave-dwelling genera of short-tailed whip-scorpions from Brazil (Arachnida: Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)

Two new genera of short-tailed whip-scorpions are described based on material from Brazilian iron ore and canga caves in the Carajás region, Pará, Brazil. Naderiore gen. nov. with a single species N. carajas sp. nov. and also monotypic Cangazomus gen. nov. (type species C. xikrin sp. nov.). The relationships of the two new genera with previously described genera are discussed. Naderiore most closely resembles Adisomus Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2000, Piaroa Villarreal, Tourinho & Giupponi, 2008 and Calima Moreno-González & Villarreal, 2012, and can be distinguished from them by Dm₃ modified as macrosetae in the male flagellum. Cangazomus most closely resembles Naderiore , Adisomus Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2000, and Piaroa Villarreal, Tourinho & Giupponi, 2008. It differs from all of them by the presence of two pairs of ramified spermathecal lobes, each composed of a differentiated stalk and distoterminal ramified bulbs, chitinized arch without anterior branch and notched lateral tip, pedipalps unarmed and not sexually dimorphic, and the male flagellar setae Dm₃ as a microsetae.

KEY WORDS:
Canga cave; Cangazomus; Iron ore cave; Naderiore; neotropics; taxonomy

Authorship

Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha

Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Email: ricrocha@usp.br, hansenochrus@gmail.comUniversidade de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Email: ricrocha@usp.br, hansenochrus@gmail.com

Renata Andrade

Terradentro Estudos Ambientais. Caixa Postal 5367, 31011-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Terradentro Estudos AmbientaisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilTerradentro Estudos Ambientais. Caixa Postal 5367, 31011-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Jairo A. Moreno-González

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (5)

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Figures 1-6
Male flagellum. Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (1) dorsal; (2) ventral; (3) lateral. Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (4) dorsal; (5) ventral; (6) lateral. Scale bars: 1, 3-4 = 0.1; 2, 5-6 = 0.05 mm. Note: the setae named in parentheses correspond to the nomenclature of the flagellar setation proposed by Villarreal et al. (2014Villarreal O, Armas LF, García LF (2014) A new species of Piaroa (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Venezuela, with taxonomic notes on the genus. Zootaxa 3765(4): 371-381. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.5
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.... ) and Moreno-González et al. (2014Moreno-González JA, Delgado-Santa L, Armas LF (2014) Two new species of Piaroa (Arachnida: Schizomida, Hubbardiidae) from Colombia, with comments on the genus taxonomy and the flagellar setae pattern of Hubardiidinae. Zootaxa 3852(2): 227-251. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.4
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.... ).

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Figures 7-10
Female flagellum. Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (7) ventral; (8) dorsal. Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (9) dorsal; (10) ventral. Scale bar: 0.05 mm. Note: The setae named in parentheses correspond to the nomenclature of the flagellar setation proposed by Villarreal et al. (2014Villarreal O, Armas LF, García LF (2014) A new species of Piaroa (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Venezuela, with taxonomic notes on the genus. Zootaxa 3765(4): 371-381. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.5
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.... ) and Moreno-González et al. (2014Moreno-González JA, Delgado-Santa L, Armas LF (2014) Two new species of Piaroa (Arachnida: Schizomida, Hubbardiidae) from Colombia, with comments on the genus taxonomy and the flagellar setae pattern of Hubardiidinae. Zootaxa 3852(2): 227-251. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.4
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.... ).

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Figures 11-13
Glandular pores: (11) Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.; (12-13) Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov. Scale bars: 11 = 0.002, 12 = 0.005, 13 = 0.01 mm.

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Figures 14-20
Pedipalp, chelicerae and spermathecae: (14-17) Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (14) Male homeomorphic pedipalp (holotype); (15) Male heteromorphic pedipalp, paratype MZSP-68883; (16) Male chelicerae, holotype: top-movable finger, bottom-fixed finger; (17) female paratype spermathecae, MZSP-65724; (18-20) Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (18) male pedipalp, holotype; (19) male chelicerae, holotype: top-movable finger, bottom-fixed finger; (20) female paratype spermathecae. Scale bars: 14-15, 18 = 0.20 mm; 17, 20 = 0.05 mm. (Fe1) Femur ectal 1, (Fe2) femur ectal 2, (Fv1) femur ventral 1, (Fv2) femur ventral 2.

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Figures 21-26
Photographs of habitat and live schizomids: (21) view of plateau at Carajás region, limit between canga and ombrophilous vegetation types; (22-23) entrance region of a canga cave; (24) invertebrate manual collecting on ground of the interior of a canga cave; (25) live male of Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov. on ground; (26) live female of Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov. on ground. Photos: (21-24) Renata de Andrade, (25) Igor Cizauskas, (26) Marcus Oliveira.

Figures 1-6 Male flagellum. Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (1) dorsal; (2) ventral; (3) lateral. Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (4) dorsal; (5) ventral; (6) lateral. Scale bars: 1, 3-4 = 0.1; 2, 5-6 = 0.05 mm. Note: the setae named in parentheses correspond to the nomenclature of the flagellar setation proposed by Villarreal et al. (2014Villarreal O, Armas LF, García LF (2014) A new species of Piaroa (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Venezuela, with taxonomic notes on the genus. Zootaxa 3765(4): 371-381. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.5
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.... ) and Moreno-González et al. (2014Moreno-González JA, Delgado-Santa L, Armas LF (2014) Two new species of Piaroa (Arachnida: Schizomida, Hubbardiidae) from Colombia, with comments on the genus taxonomy and the flagellar setae pattern of Hubardiidinae. Zootaxa 3852(2): 227-251. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.4
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.... ).

Figures 7-10 Female flagellum. Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (7) ventral; (8) dorsal. Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (9) dorsal; (10) ventral. Scale bar: 0.05 mm. Note: The setae named in parentheses correspond to the nomenclature of the flagellar setation proposed by Villarreal et al. (2014Villarreal O, Armas LF, García LF (2014) A new species of Piaroa (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Venezuela, with taxonomic notes on the genus. Zootaxa 3765(4): 371-381. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.5
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.... ) and Moreno-González et al. (2014Moreno-González JA, Delgado-Santa L, Armas LF (2014) Two new species of Piaroa (Arachnida: Schizomida, Hubbardiidae) from Colombia, with comments on the genus taxonomy and the flagellar setae pattern of Hubardiidinae. Zootaxa 3852(2): 227-251. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.4
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.... ).

Figures 11-13 Glandular pores: (11) Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.; (12-13) Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov. Scale bars: 11 = 0.002, 12 = 0.005, 13 = 0.01 mm.

Figures 14-20 Pedipalp, chelicerae and spermathecae: (14-17) Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov.: (14) Male homeomorphic pedipalp (holotype); (15) Male heteromorphic pedipalp, paratype MZSP-68883; (16) Male chelicerae, holotype: top-movable finger, bottom-fixed finger; (17) female paratype spermathecae, MZSP-65724; (18-20) Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov.: (18) male pedipalp, holotype; (19) male chelicerae, holotype: top-movable finger, bottom-fixed finger; (20) female paratype spermathecae. Scale bars: 14-15, 18 = 0.20 mm; 17, 20 = 0.05 mm. (Fe1) Femur ectal 1, (Fe2) femur ectal 2, (Fv1) femur ventral 1, (Fv2) femur ventral 2.

Figures 21-26 Photographs of habitat and live schizomids: (21) view of plateau at Carajás region, limit between canga and ombrophilous vegetation types; (22-23) entrance region of a canga cave; (24) invertebrate manual collecting on ground of the interior of a canga cave; (25) live male of Naderiore carajas gen. nov., sp. nov. on ground; (26) live female of Cangazomus xikrin gen. nov., sp. nov. on ground. Photos: (21-24) Renata de Andrade, (25) Igor Cizauskas, (26) Marcus Oliveira.

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Two new cave-dwelling genera of short-tailed whip-scorpions from Brazil (Arachnida: Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)

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