Número de alelos XO em uma população de Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)

Aidar, Davi S.; Kerr, Warwick E.

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752001000400018

Resumo

The number of xo alleles of a population of stingless bees can be estimated by observing the male proportion of the first brood comb produced by a new queen (about 40 Fl bees) and the total number of colonies. A proportion of 50% diploid males indicates insemination of the queen by a single male with some xo sex allele: 25% diploid male would indicate insemination by two males (one with some xo as the queen and another with different one). Diploidy was confirmed by cytology of the testis. The original population (78 colonies) of Ribeirão Preto, State S. Paulo, Brazil, had 8 xo sex alleles. From this population, 10 colonies were orphaned and taken to the Serra do Mar (Sea Mountains) at Espirito Santo State (1200 km far) in order that the virgin queen of each colony would cross with males of this region. Ten days after the nine hives (one was lost) were brought back to Ribeirão Preto. No one of them produced diploid males. New samples took from all the Meliponary revealed that the number of xo sex alleles to have increased to 17,3. Than, this methodology can be used to increase the genetic variability of the stingless bees populations.

Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides; colonies; population and alleles

Número de alelos XO em uma população de Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)

Number of XO alleles in a population of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)

Davi S. Aidar^*; Warwick E. Kerr

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Avenida André Araújo 1756, Petrópolis, Caixa Postal 478, 69083-000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The number of xo alleles of a population of stingless bees can be estimated by observing the male proportion of the first brood comb produced by a new queen (about 40 Fl bees) and the total number of colonies. A proportion of 50% diploid males indicates insemination of the queen by a single male with some xo sex allele: 25% diploid male would indicate insemination by two males (one with some xo as the queen and another with different one). Diploidy was confirmed by cytology of the testis. The original population (78 colonies) of Ribeirão Preto, State S. Paulo, Brazil, had 8 xo sex alleles. From this population, 10 colonies were orphaned and taken to the Serra do Mar (Sea Mountains) at Espirito Santo State (1200 km far) in order that the virgin queen of each colony would cross with males of this region. Ten days after the nine hives (one was lost) were brought back to Ribeirão Preto. No one of them produced diploid males. New samples took from all the Meliponary revealed that the number of xo sex alleles to have increased to 17,3. Than, this methodology can be used to increase the genetic variability of the stingless bees populations.

Key words:Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides, colonies, population and alleles

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Recebido em 21.II.2001; aceito em 26.X.2001.

Referências bibliográficas

ADAMS, J.; E.D. ROTHMAN; W.E. KERR & Z.L. PAULINO. 1977. Estimation of the number of sex alleles and queen mating from diploid male frequencies in a population of Apis mellifera L. Genetics 86:583-596.
AIDAR, D.S. 1997. Meliponicultura e Ecossistema: Preservação, Formação de Colônias, Manejo e Alimentação de Meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Ann. Simpósio Paranaense de Apicultura, Guarapuava, 12:48-55.
______. 1996. A Mandaçaia: Biologia de abelhas, manejo e multiplicação artificial de Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Braz. Jour. Genetics, Sér. Monogr. 4:1-103.
CAMARGO, C.A. 1982. Control of production of Melipona quadrifasciata diploid males by workers bees (Hym., Apidae). Proc. 9^th Congress IUSSI, Boulder, p. 248-249.
CARVALHO, G.A.; W.E. KERR; V.A. NASCIMENTO. 1995. Sex determination in bees XXXIII: Decrease of xo heteroalleles in finite population of Melipona Scutellaris (Apidae, Meliponini). Braz. Jour. Genetics 18(1):13-16.
CHAUD-NETO, J. 1980a. Estudos biológicos com rainhas triplóides de Apis mellifera. Ci. e Cult. 32 (5):611-615.
______. 1980b. Estudos biológicos com rainhas triplóides de Apis mellifera. I. Produção de ovos abortivos por rainhas virgens. Ci. Cult. 32 (4):483-486.
KERR, W.E. 1959. Bionomy of meliponids-VI: Aspects of food gathering and processing in some stingless bees. In: Symposium on Foos Gathering Behavior of Hymenoptera. Ithaca, Cornell Univ., p. 24-31.
______. 1987. Sex determination in bees. XXI. Number of xo-heteroelleles in a natural population of Melipona compressipes fasciculata (Apidae). Insectes Sociaux 34:274-279.
KERR, W.E.; G.A. CARVALHO & V.A. NASCIMENTO. 1996. Abelha uruçu: biologia, manejo e conservação. Belo Horizonte, Ed. Fundação Acangaú, 256p.
KERR, W.E; R. CUNHA; J.F. PISANI. 1978. Genética de determinação do sexo XII. Aplicação de métodos numéricos para agrupar sexos e castas de Melipona uuadrifasciata anthidioides Lep. (Apidae). Rev. Brasil. Biol. 38 (2):319-394.
KERR, W.E. & R. VENCOVSKY. 1982. Melhoramento genético em abelhas I. Efeito do número de colónias sobre o melhoramento. Braz. Jour. Genetics 5:279-285.
LAIDLAW, H.H.; F.P. GOMES & W.E. KERR. 1956. Estimation of the number of lethal alleles in a panmitic population of Apis mellifera L. Genetics 44:179-188.
LINDAUER, M. 1971. Comunication Among the Social Bees. Cambrige, Massachusetts, Harvard Univ. Press.
MACKENSEN, O. 1951. Viability and sex determination in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L). Genetics 36:500-509.
______. 1955. Further studies on a lethal series in the honeybee. Jour. Hered. 46:72-74.
PAGE JR., R.E.; H.H. LAIDLAW & E.H. ERICKSON. 1983. Closed population honey bee breeding. 3. The distribution of sex alleles with gyne supersedure. Jour. Apic. Res. 22:184-190.
ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and Natural History of Tropical Bees. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 514p.
ROUBIK, D.W. & M. ALUJA. 1983. Flyght ranges of Melipona and Trigona in tropical forest. Jour. Kansas Ent. Soc. 56 (2):217-222.
WILLE. A. 1983. Biology of the stingless bees. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 28:41.
WOYKE, J. 1976. Population genetc studies on sex alleles in the honeybee using the exemple of Kangaroo Island Bee Santuary. Jour. Apic. Res. 15:105-123.
______. 1963. What happens to diploid drone larvae in a honeybee colony. Jour. Apic. Res. 2:73-76.
YOKOYAMA, S. & M. NEI. 1979. Population dynamics of sex-determining alleles in honey bees and self-incompatibility alleles in plants. Genetics 91:609-626.

*

E-mail:

aidar@argo.com.br

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
09 Jun 2009
Data do Fascículo
Dez 2001

Histórico

Aceito
26 Out 2001
Recebido
21 Fev 2001

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ADAMS, J.; E.D. ROTHMAN; W.E. KERR & Z.L. PAULINO. 1977. Estimation of the number of sex alleles and queen mating from diploid male frequencies in a population of Apis mellifera L. Genetics 86:583-596.

[2] AIDAR, D.S. 1997. Meliponicultura e Ecossistema: Preservação, Formação de Colônias, Manejo e Alimentação de Meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Ann. Simpósio Paranaense de Apicultura, Guarapuava, 12:48-55.

[3] ______. 1996. A Mandaçaia: Biologia de abelhas, manejo e multiplicação artificial de Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Braz. Jour. Genetics, Sér. Monogr. 4:1-103.

[4] CAMARGO, C.A. 1982. Control of production of Melipona quadrifasciata diploid males by workers bees (Hym., Apidae). Proc. 9^th Congress IUSSI, Boulder, p. 248-249.

[5] CARVALHO, G.A.; W.E. KERR; V.A. NASCIMENTO. 1995. Sex determination in bees XXXIII: Decrease of xo heteroalleles in finite population of Melipona Scutellaris (Apidae, Meliponini). Braz. Jour. Genetics 18(1):13-16.

[6] CHAUD-NETO, J. 1980a. Estudos biológicos com rainhas triplóides de Apis mellifera. Ci. e Cult. 32 (5):611-615.

[7] ______. 1980b. Estudos biológicos com rainhas triplóides de Apis mellifera. I. Produção de ovos abortivos por rainhas virgens. Ci. Cult. 32 (4):483-486.

[8] KERR, W.E. 1959. Bionomy of meliponids-VI: Aspects of food gathering and processing in some stingless bees. In: Symposium on Foos Gathering Behavior of Hymenoptera. Ithaca, Cornell Univ., p. 24-31.

[9] ______. 1987. Sex determination in bees. XXI. Number of xo-heteroelleles in a natural population of Melipona compressipes fasciculata (Apidae). Insectes Sociaux 34:274-279.

[10] KERR, W.E.; G.A. CARVALHO & V.A. NASCIMENTO. 1996. Abelha uruçu: biologia, manejo e conservação. Belo Horizonte, Ed. Fundação Acangaú, 256p.

[11] KERR, W.E; R. CUNHA; J.F. PISANI. 1978. Genética de determinação do sexo XII. Aplicação de métodos numéricos para agrupar sexos e castas de Melipona uuadrifasciata anthidioides Lep. (Apidae). Rev. Brasil. Biol. 38 (2):319-394.

[12] KERR, W.E. & R. VENCOVSKY. 1982. Melhoramento genético em abelhas I. Efeito do número de colónias sobre o melhoramento. Braz. Jour. Genetics 5:279-285.

[13] LAIDLAW, H.H.; F.P. GOMES & W.E. KERR. 1956. Estimation of the number of lethal alleles in a panmitic population of Apis mellifera L. Genetics 44:179-188.

[14] LINDAUER, M. 1971. Comunication Among the Social Bees. Cambrige, Massachusetts, Harvard Univ. Press.

[15] MACKENSEN, O. 1951. Viability and sex determination in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L). Genetics 36:500-509.

[16] ______. 1955. Further studies on a lethal series in the honeybee. Jour. Hered. 46:72-74.

[17] PAGE JR., R.E.; H.H. LAIDLAW & E.H. ERICKSON. 1983. Closed population honey bee breeding. 3. The distribution of sex alleles with gyne supersedure. Jour. Apic. Res. 22:184-190.

[18] ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and Natural History of Tropical Bees. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 514p.

[19] ROUBIK, D.W. & M. ALUJA. 1983. Flyght ranges of Melipona and Trigona in tropical forest. Jour. Kansas Ent. Soc. 56 (2):217-222.

[20] WILLE. A. 1983. Biology of the stingless bees. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 28:41.

[21] WOYKE, J. 1976. Population genetc studies on sex alleles in the honeybee using the exemple of Kangaroo Island Bee Santuary. Jour. Apic. Res. 15:105-123.

[22] ______. 1963. What happens to diploid drone larvae in a honeybee colony. Jour. Apic. Res. 2:73-76.

[23] YOKOYAMA, S. & M. NEI. 1979. Population dynamics of sex-determining alleles in honey bees and self-incompatibility alleles in plants. Genetics 91:609-626.

Número de alelos XO em uma população de Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)

Number of XO alleles in a population of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)

Resumo

Referências bibliográficas

Datas de Publicação

Histórico