Lactic-acid bacteria increase the survival of marine shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after infection with Vibrio harveyi

Vieira, Felipe do Nascimento; Pedrotti, Fabiola Santiago; Buglione Neto, Celso Carlos; Mouriño, José Luiz Pedreira; Beltrame, Elpídio; Martins, Maurício Laterça; Ramirez, Cristina; Arana, Luis Alejandro Vinatea

Abstracts

This study evaluated the survival, post-larvae quality, and the population of bacteria in Litopenaeus vannamei after the addition of two strains of lactic-acid bacteria (2 and B6) experimentally infected by Vibrio harveyi. Fifteen hundred nauplii were distributed in 20 L capacity tanks with four replicates. The survival of control animals was lower (21%) than that of animals fed with the strains B6 (50%) and 2 (44%). Total bacterial population in the water and larvae, as well as of the Vibrio ssp. in water was not different among the treatments. No difference was observed in the population of Vibrio ssp. between the control larvae (5.5±0.5 log UFC/mL) and that fed with strain 2 (5.4±0.1 log UFC/mL). Shrimp from control and fed with strain 2 showed significantly higher bacterial population than those fed with strain B6 (1.2±0.2 log UFC/mL). It was detected the lower load of Vibrio ssp. bacteria with potential of pathogenicity after feeding with strain B6.Moreover, these larvae showed more active behavior and low number of necrosis in relation to the control group and to that fed with strain 2.

Litopenaeus vannamei; Shrimp; Probiotic; Bactéria; Experimental infection; Vibrio harveyi

Este trabalho avaliou a adição de duas cepas de bactérias lácticas (2 e B6) na sobrevivência, qualidade de pós-larva e na população de bactérias na larvicultura de Litopenaeus vannamei experimentalmente infectado por Vibrio harveyi. Mil e quinhentos náuplios foram distribuídos em tanques de 20 L com quatro repetições. A sobrevivência dos animais controle foi menor (21%) do que a dos alimentados com as cepas B6 (50%) e 2 (44%). Sobrevivência de misis após desafio com V. harveyi foi maior em B6 do que nos outros tratamentos. A população total de bactérias na água e nas larvas, bem como de Vibrio ssp. na água não foi diferente entre os tratamentos. Não houve diferença, também, entre a população de Vibrio ssp. em larvas do grupo controle (5,5±0,5 log UFC/mL) e larvas alimentadas com a cepa 2 (5,4±0,1 log UFC/mL). Camarões do grupo controle e alimentados com cepa 2 apresentaram maior população de bactérias do que os alimentados com cepa B6 (1,2±0,2 log UFC/mL). Foi comprovada a menor presença de bactérias entéricas com potencial de patogenicidade nos animais alimentados com a cepa B6, apresentando também comportamento mais ativo e menor número de necroses em relação ao controle e cepa 2.

Litopenaeus vannamei; Camarão; Probiótico; Bactéria; Infecção experimental; Vibrio harveyi

References

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BOYD, C. E.; MASSAUT, L. Risks associated with the use of chemicals in pond aquaculture. Aquac. Eng., v. 20, p. 113-132, 1999.
DE MAN, J. C.; ROGOSA, M.; SHARPE, M. E. A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. appl. Bact. v. 23, p. 130-135, 1960.
GOMEZ-GIL, B.; ROQUE, A.; TURNBULL, J. F. The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms. Aquaculture, v. 191, p. 259-270, 2000.
GULLIAN, M.; THOMPSON, F.; RODRIGUEZ, J. Selection of probiotic bacteria and study of their immunostimulatory effect in Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, v. 233 p. 1-14, 2004.
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SKJERMO, J.; VADSTEIN, O. Techniques for microbial control in the intensive rearing of marine larvae. Aquaculture, v. 177, p. 333-343, 1999.
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ZIAEI-NEJAD, S.; REZAEI, M. H.; TAKAMI, G. A.; LOVETT, D. L.; MIRVAGHEFI, A.; SHAKOURI, M. The effect of Bacillus ssp. bacteria used as probiotics on digestive enzyme activity, survival and growth in the Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus Aquaculture, v. 252, p. 516-524, 2006.
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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
15 Jan 2008
Date of issue
Dec 2007

History

Accepted
08 May 2007
Reviewed
16 Apr 2007
Received
09 June 2006

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ABRAHAM, T. J.; PALANIAPPANB, R. Distribution of luminous bacteria in semi-intensive penaeid shrimp hatcheries of Tamil Nadu, India. Aquaculture, v. 232, p. 81-90, 2004.

[2] BOYD, C. E.; MASSAUT, L. Risks associated with the use of chemicals in pond aquaculture. Aquac. Eng., v. 20, p. 113-132, 1999.

[3] DE MAN, J. C.; ROGOSA, M.; SHARPE, M. E. A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. appl. Bact. v. 23, p. 130-135, 1960.

[4] GOMEZ-GIL, B.; ROQUE, A.; TURNBULL, J. F. The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms. Aquaculture, v. 191, p. 259-270, 2000.

[5] GULLIAN, M.; THOMPSON, F.; RODRIGUEZ, J. Selection of probiotic bacteria and study of their immunostimulatory effect in Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, v. 233 p. 1-14, 2004.

[6] HOLMSTRÖM, K.; GRÄSLUND, S.; WAHSTRÖM, A.; POUNGSHOMPOO, S.; BENGTSSON, B. E.; KAUTSKY, N. Antibiotic use in shrimp farming and implications for environmental impacts and human health. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., v. 38, p. 255-266, 2003.

[7] IRIANTO, A.; AUSTIN, B. Probiotics in aquaculture. J. Fish Dis., Oxford, v. 25, p. 633-642, 2002.

[8] KAUTSKY, N.; RÖNNBACK, P.; TEDENGREN, M.; TROELL, M. Ecosystem perspectives on management of disease in shrimp pond farming. Aquaculture, v. 191, p. 145-161, 2000.

[9] LI, J.; TAN, B.; MAI, K.; AI, O.; ZHANG, W.; XU, E.; LIUFU, Z.; MA, H. Comparative study between probiotic bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 and chloramphenicol on protection of Penaeus chinensis post-larvae from pathogenic vibrios. Aquaculture, v. 153, p. 140-147, 2006.

[10] RAMÍREZ, C.; CIFONNI, E. M. G.; PANCHENIAK, E. F. R.; SOCCOL, C. R. Microrganismos lácticos con características probióticas para ser aplicados en la alimentación de larvas de camarón y peces como substituto de antibiótico. Buenos Aires, La Alimentación Latinoamericana, 2006. In press.

[11] RENGPIPAT, S.;PHIANPHAK, W; PIYATIRATITIVORAKUL, S.; MENASVETA, P. Effects of a probiotic bacterium on black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon survival and growth. Aquaculture, v. 167, p. 301-313, 1998.

[12] RENGPIPAT, S.; RUKPRATANPORN, S.; PIYATIRATITIVORAKUL, S.; MENASAVETA, P. Immunity enhancement in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) by a probiont bacterium (Bacillus S11). Aquaculture, v. 191, p. 271-288, 2000.

[13] SKJERMO, J.; VADSTEIN, O. Techniques for microbial control in the intensive rearing of marine larvae. Aquaculture, v. 177, p. 333-343, 1999.

[14] SUGITA, H.; HIROSE, Y.; MATSUE, N.; DEGUDRI, Y. Production of antibacterial substance by Bacillus ssp. strain NM12, an intestinal bacterium of Japanese coastal fish. Aquaculture, v. 165, p. 269-280, 1998.

[15] UDDIN, S. A.; KADER, A. The use of antibiotics in shrimp hatcheries in Bangladesh. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., USA, v. 1, p. 64-67, 2006.

[16] ZIAEI-NEJAD, S.; REZAEI, M. H.; TAKAMI, G. A.; LOVETT, D. L.; MIRVAGHEFI, A.; SHAKOURI, M. The effect of Bacillus ssp. bacteria used as probiotics on digestive enzyme activity, survival and growth in the Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus Aquaculture, v. 252, p. 516-524, 2006.

[17] ZAR, J. H. Biostatistical analysis. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1984. 718 p.