Dietary salt and water pH effects on growth and Na+ fluxes of silver catfish juveniles

Efeito do sal na dieta e do pH da água no crescimento de juvenis de jundiá

Dietary salt and water pH effects on growth and Na⁺ fluxes of silver catfish juveniles

Efeito do sal na dieta e do pH da água no crescimento de juvenis de jundiá.

Carlos Eduardo Copatti^I; Luciano de Oliveira Garcia^II; Daiani Kochhann^III; Mauro Alves Cunha^III; Bernardo BaldisserottoIII^*

^IDepartamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

^IIEstação Marinha de Aquacultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

^IIIDepartamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

^{Correspondence to}

ABSTRACT

This study verified the optimum dietary salt level for the growth and ion regulation of silver catfish juveniles at different water pH levels (5.5, 7.0 and 9.0). The control diet was supplemented with NaCl to yield experimental diets with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% NaCl. Juveniles were collected at 15 and 35 days after the beginning of experiment for analyses of Na⁺ net fluxes. Exposure of silver catfish juveniles to alkaline or acidic water did not affect their survival. Fish fed with diets without NaCl supplementation and exposed to pH 7.0 showed significantly higher weight, length, specific growth rate and biomass per tank than those exposed to pH 5.5. Ionoregulatory disturbances of silver catfish maintained at all pH are less pronounced when fed higher dietary salt supplementation (1.0-2.0% NaCl). The increase of dietary NaCl reduced body Na⁺ loss and protected against the impact of acidic water on growth.

Keywords: acidic water, alkaline water, dietary NaCl.

RESUMO

Este estudo verificou o melhor nível de dieta de sal para o crescimento e regulação iônica de juvenis de jundiá em diferentes níveis de pH da água (5,5; 7,0 e 9,0). A dieta controle foi suplementada com 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0% de NaCl. Juvenis foram coletados aos 15 e 35 dias de experimento para análise dos fluxos líquidos de Na⁺. A exposição de juvenis de jundiá para águas ácidas ou alcalinas não afetou sua sobrevivência. Exemplares alimentados com dietas sem adição de NaCl e expostos em pH 7,0 mostraram peso, comprimento, taxa de crescimento específico e biomassa/tanque significativamente maiores que aqueles expostos em pH 5,5. Distúrbios ionorregulatórios em jundiás mantidos em todos os pH são menos pronunciados quando em exemplares alimentados com dietas com maior suplmentação de sal (1,0-2,0% NaCl). O aumento de NaCl na dieta reduziu a perda de Na⁺ corporal e protegeu contra o impacto da acidez da água no crescimento dos juvenis.

Palavras-chave: águas ácidas, águas alcalinas, dieta de NaCl.

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*Author for correspondence

Received on September 17, 2010.

Accepted on February 2, 2011.

License information: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  22 Apr 2014
• Date of issue
  Sept 2011

History

• Accepted
  02 Feb 2011
• Received
  17 Sept 2010