Filling distribution gaps and honoring great taxonomist mentors: three new species of the microcaddisfly Ochrotrichia Mosely, 1934 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado and a checklist from Brazil

ABSTRACT

Sixteen species of the microcaddisfly Ochrotrichia Mosely, 1934 (Hydroptilidae) have been recorded so far in Brazil, mainly distributed in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. In order to reduce the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls for the Ochrotrichia Brazilian fauna, we diagnose, describe, and illustrate three new species based on adult males from three protected and preserved areas of the Cerrado biome of Federal District (Central-West region), Minas Gerais (Southeast region) and Tocantins (North region) states; all of them named in honor of three great Brazilian entomologists viz., Ochrotrichia froehlichi sp. nov., Ochrotrichia machadoi sp. nov. and Ochrotrichia nessimiani sp. nov. They can be recognized mainly by the morphology of the tergum X, number, and position of the spine-like setae of the inferior appendages. This contribution represents the first record of Ochrotrichia for the Central-West region, increasing the number of species of this genus in Cerrado biome from one to four, and is the first report of a microcaddisfly for the Federal District. In addition, the genus is reported for the first time from Paraná, São Francisco, and Tocantins hydrographic basins. Finally, we provide a checklist of the Ochrotrichia species from Brazil.

Keywords:
Aquatic insects; Ochrotrichiinae; Taxonomy; Morphology; Neotropical Region

Introduction

Ochrotrichiinae Marshall, 1979 is a large subfamily of microcaddisflies with nine genera, seven of which are found in New World (Angrisanoia Özdikmen, 2008, Metrichia Ross, 1938, Nothotrichia Flint, 1967, Ochrotrichia Mosely, 1934, Ragatrichia Oláh and Johanson, 2011, and Rhyacopsyche Müller, 1879) and other two are endemics, Maydenoptila Neboiss, 1977 to Australia and Caledonotrichia Sykora, 1967 to New Caledonia (Thomson, 2023).

Ochrotrichia is the most species-rich microcaddisfly genus in the Neotropics, with 226 extant species distributed in North, Central, and South America and the West Indies (Holzenthal and Calor, 2017; Harris and Armitage, 2023; Thomson, 2023; Harris et al., 2023; Rocha et al., 2023). In a preliminary study using molecular data to explore the relationships within and between the microcaddisfly taxa, Ochrotrichia were grouped with Metrichia and Rhyacopsyche, forming a distinct clade in Ochrotrichiinae (Thomson et al., 2022).

In recent years, Brazilian and Panamanian’s fauna of Ochrotrichia have received much attention, resulting in the description of a large number of species (23 spp.) (Souza et al., 2014; Cavalcante et al., 2018; Harris and Armitage, 2019; Moreno et al., 2021; Thomson and Armitage, 2021; Harris et al., 2023; Harris and Armitage, 2023; Santos et al., 2022). In Brazil, most of species in this genus are concentrated in the Atlantic Forest biome in Northeastern and Southeastern Brazil and only in six federal units (Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Maranhão, Piauí and Rio de Janeiro states) (Santos, 2023) (Table 1).

Table 1
Checklist of Ochrotrichia Mosely, 1934 from Brazil, with distribution of species on biomes, regions and political states.

Species	Biome	Region (state)
O. belodesMoreno, Desidério, Pes & Hamada, 2021	Amazon	North (AM)
O. buenosoriaMoreno, Desidério, Pes & Hamada, 2021	Amazon	North (AM)
O. caatingaSouza, Santos & Takiya, 2014	Atlantic Forest, Caatinga	Northeast (CE, PI), Southeast (RJ)
O. concha Bueno-Soria & Santiago-Fragoso, 1992	Amazon	North (AM)
O. constrictaSouza, Santos & Takiya, 2014	Atlantic Forest	Northeast (BA)
O. duckeMoreno, Desidério, Pes & Hamada, 2021	Amazon	North (AM)
O. froehlichisp. nov.	Cerrado	Central-West (DF)
O. igrapiunaSouza, Santos & Takiya, 2014	Atlantic Forest	Northeast (BA)
O. limeiraiSouza, Santos & Takiya, 2014	Caatinga	Northeast (CE)
O. machadoisp. nov.	Cerrado	North (TO)
O. manuensis Flint & Bueno-Soria, 1999	Atlantic Forest	Northeast (BA)
O. nematomorphaCavalcante, Dumas & Nessimian, 2018	Atlantic Forest	Southeast (RJ)
O. nessimianisp. nov.	Cerrado	Southeast (MG)
O. papelSantos, Marques, Henriques-Oliveira, Alves & Dumas, 2022	Atlantic Forest	Southeast (RJ)
O. patulosa (Wasmund & Holzenthal, 2007)	Atlantic Forest, Caatinga	Northeast (CE), Southeast (RJ)
O. priapoSouza, Santos & Takiya, 2014	Atlantic Forest	Northeast (BA)
O. sagittaCavalcante, Dumas & Nessimian, 2018	Atlantic Forest	Southeast (RJ)
O. sinoSantos, Marques, Henriques-Oliveira, Alves & Dumas, 2022	Atlantic Forest	Southeast (RJ)
O. taunayCavalcante, Dumas & Nessimian, 2018	Atlantic Forest	Southeast (RJ)

• Abbreviations for Brazilian states: AM = Amazonas; BA = Bahia; CE = Ceará; DF = Distrito Federal; MG = Minas Gerais; PI = Piauí; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; TO = Tocantins.

The aims of this study are to reduce the Linnean (Brown and Lomolino, 1998) and Wallacean (Lomolino, 2004) shortfalls for Ochrotrichia by describing three new species based on adult males from three protected and preserved areas of the Cerrado biome in the states of Federal District, Minas Gerais and Tocantins, respectively in Central-Western, Southeastern and Northern Brazil. These new species are named after three great taxonomist mentors, Prof. Dr. Claudio G. Froehlich, Prof. Dr. Jorge L. Nessimian and Prof. Dr. Angelo B. M. Machado (in memory), for their amazing, life-long contributions to the study of Neotropical aquatic insects' biodiversity, and for inspiring and guiding many Brazilian students. In addition, a checklist of the Ochrotrichia species from Brazil is presented (Table 1). This study also is part of a highly deserved homage to the prolific career of Prof. Claudio Froehlich.

Material and methods

Specimen collection, preparation, and observation

Specimens were collected in three streams in the states of Federal District, Minas Gerais, and Tocantins (Fig. 1) using Collapsible light trap (Nessimian et al., in press) and Malaise trap (Gressit and Gressit, 1962). All specimens were preserved in 80% ethanol. To observe male genital structures, the abdomen of each specimen was removed and diaphanized using hot 10% KOH (Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2004). After clearing, the abdomen was mounted on a temporary slide using glycerin alcohol gel and examined under a Leica DM5500 B compound microscope. After examination, it was permanently stored in a microvial with glycerin, together with the remains of the respective specimen in a plastic vial with 80% ethanol.

Figure 1
Geographical distribution map of the new species of Ochrotrichia with their respective states and hydrographic basins in Brazil.

Photographs, illustrations, map, and description

Photographs of the habitus of adults were obtained with a Leica DMC4500 digital video camera attached to a Leica M205A stereomicroscope. The genitalia were photographed using a Leica DFC295 digital video camera attached to a Leica DM5500B. Stacks of images were produced and combined automatically with Helicon Focus Pro® stacking software (version 7.6.4). High-resolution stacked images of the genital structures were used as templates for vectorization in Adobe Illustrator®, as well as to complement detailed photographic illustrations of diagnostic characters. Plates for each species were assembled using Adobe Photoshop®.

The distribution map was made using QGIS Las Palmas ver. 2.18.10 software (QGIS Development Team, 2016). Vector and raster maps used IBGE (2019) and Natural Earth (2020) data. To promote consistency and standardization in descriptive taxonomy the species description was generated through the DELTA (Description Language for Taxonomy) software (Dallwitz et al., 2016) using the database of Moreno et al. (2021).

Morphological terminology and depositories

Morphological terminology follows Oláh and Johanson (2007) for the head setal warts and Marshall (1979) for the male genitalia. Terminology for wing venation follows the Comstock-Needham system as interpreted for Trichoptera by Mosely and Kimmins (1953) and for Ochrotrichia by Moreno et al. (2021).

Type material of the species are deposited in the following collections: Coleção de Invertebrados, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil (INPA), Coleção Entomológica do Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (MNRJ), Coleção Entomológica Professor José Alfredo Pinheiro Dutra, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (DZRJ) and Museu de História Natural da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil (UFBA).

Results

Integripalpia Martynov, 1924

Hydroptilidae Stephens, 1836

Ochrotrichiinae Marshal, 1979

Ochrotrichia Mosely, 1934

Ochrotrichia froehlichi Desidério, Moreno & Hamada, sp. nov.

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(Figs 2A–E & 3A–I)

Figure 2
Ochrotrichia froehlichisp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA). A, lateral habitus; B, head and thorax, dorsal view; C, head, dorsal view; D, forewing, right dorsal view; E, hind wing, right dorsal view. Cephalic setal warts abbreviations: Lateral ocellus = l. oc.; median ocellus = m. oc.; occipital setal wart = occ. wt.; vertexal ocellar setal wart = v. oc. wt. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B, C, D, E).

Figure 3
Ochrotrichia froehlichisp. nov. A, genitalia, left lateral; B, tergum X, left lateral; C, mesoventral process of segment VII, left lateral; D, genitalia, left lateral (photograph); E, phallus, left lateral; F, genitalia, dorsal; G, apex of phallus, ventral; H, genitalia, ventral; I, genitalia, ventral (photograph). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Differential diagnosis. This new species is clearly a member of the O. aldama group by having elongated inferior appendages, with black peg-like setae mostly at the apex, and a simple divided tergum X. Ochrotrichia froehlichi sp. nov. is most similar to O. priapo Souza, Santos and Takiya, 2014 by tergum X, elongated and apically divided into two processes, the left one chelated and the right one almost straight; and by the presence of one small, subtriangular subapicolateral process on the phallus. However, in the new species the segment IX, in ventral view, is long, about 1/2 the length of inferior appendage, while in O. priapo it is very short, about 1/4 the length of this structure. Additionally, in O. froehlichi sp. nov. the inferior appendage, in lateral view, has an almost straight dorsal margin and a rounded apex, whereas in O. priapo it has an undulated dorsal margin and a slightly truncated apex. Finally, O. froehlichi sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other congeners by the tergum X with sinuous, ribbon-shaped apodeme along its entire length and inferior appendages bearing two clusters of medium-sized spines on the inner margin (one thicker at 1/3 basal and another basally).

Description. Adult male. Total body length 2.80 mm (n = 1) (Fig. 2A); forewing length 2.36 mm (n = 1). General color yellowish brown (in alcohol) (Fig. 2A). Head with three ocelli; dorsally with two pairs of setal warts; ocellar pair appressed on midline, each subtriangular; posterolateral pair large, ellipsoid (Fig. 2C). Metascutellum subpentagonal (Fig. 2B). Forewing with forks I, II, III; discoidal cell absent; R₃ fused with basal ¾ of R₄₊₅; M₁₊₂ partially fused with subapical portion of R₄₊₅; M₁ partially fused with basal 1/3 of R_5, ending on wing margin almost at level of end of R₅; M_2, completely independent of R_4+5, ending on wing margin almost at level of end of R₄; fork of M₁₊₂ and M₃₊₄ near origin of independent R₃; r and r-m crossveins present (Fig. 2D). Hind wing with forks II and V; C with row of short spines on proximal region; R₂₊₃ originating midway between origins of R₁ and R₄₊₅; base of M₁₊₂ not fused to R, branching from M₃₊₄ near middle of wing; and Cu1 subdivided apically into 2 branches (Fig. 2E). Tibial spur formula 0, 3, 4. Abdominal sternum VII with oblique mesoventral process (Fig. 3C).

Male genitalia. Segment IX, in lateral view, with upper anterolateral margin slightly concave, mesoventrally produced; upper posterolateral margin slightly produced posterad (Fig. 3A, D); in dorsal view, with deep subquadrangular cleft posteriorly (Fig. 3F); in ventral view, subrectangular (Fig. 3H, I). Tergum X, in lateral view, triangular, 2/3 as long as inferior appendages, apically bearing two strong acute processes: left one directed dorsad and right one claw-shaped directed ventrad (Fig. 3A–B, D); in dorsal view, narrow, with long, slightly sclerotized, subpentagonal base, bearing sinuous, ribbon-shaped apodeme along its entire length, apically divided into two sclerotized processes; without basodorsal process or projection; apex with deep U-shaped cleft mesally and lateral, pointed lobes (Fig. 3F). Inferior appendage, in lateral view, oblong; 3.5X as long as wide, apically rounded (Fig. 3A, D); in dorsal view, surpassing tergum X, with inner surfaces bearing numerous short, dark, peg-like setae grouped subapically and on the mid-basal ridge (Fig. 3F); in ventral view, with two clusters of medium-sized spines on inner margin: (i) row of mesal, thick spines at 1/3 basal; (ii) cluster of thin spines basally (Fig. 3H, I). Phallus simples, tubular, 3× longer than inferior appendages, thread-like, subapicolaterally with a pair of large semimembranosus flaps and another pair of small triangular process (Fig. 3E, G).

Holotype. Male. BRAZIL: Federal District: Brasília, Fazenda Água Limpa (FAL), Córrego Gama (#03-DF), 15°57’17.7”S, 47°57’46.0”W, 1071 m, 17−19.vi.2017, N. Hamada, G.R. Desidério, G. Amora legs., Pennsylvania trap (INPA). Paratype: Same data as for holotype, 1 male (MNRJ).

Etymology. The new species is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich (Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil) in recognition of his contributions to the study of the Neotropical aquatic insects, especially stoneflies (Plecoptera).

Distribution. BRAZIL: Cerrado biome (Federal District) (Fig. 1).

Ochrotrichia machadoi Desidério, Moreno, Carvalho & Hamada, sp. nov.

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(Figs 4A–E & 5A–I)

Figure 4
Ochrotrichia machadoisp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA). A, lateral habitus; B, head and thorax, dorsal view; C, head, dorsal view; D, forewing, right dorsal view; E, hind wing, right dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B, C, D, E).

Figure 5
Ochrotrichia machadoisp. nov. A, genitalia, left lateral; B, tergum X, left lateral; C, mesoventral process of segment VII, left lateral; D, genitalia, left lateral (photograph); E, phallus, left lateral; F, genitalia, dorsal; G, apex of phallus, ventral; H, genitalia, ventral; I, genitalia, ventral (photograph). Scale bars = 0.1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G, H, I); 0.05 mm (C).

Differential diagnosis.Ochrotrichia machadoisp. nov. belongs to the O. xena group by having elongated, simple, tergum X. It is most similar to O. belodes Moreno, Desidério, Pes and Hamada, 2021 by the shape of the inferior appendage in lateral view, oblong, long (3.5X as long as wide) and apex rounded with inner surfaces bearing numerous slender, dark, peg-like setae grouped subapically. However, in O. belodes the tergum X has a pair of sclerotized claw-like basodorsal process, which is absent in O. machadoi sp. nov. Although both species present the tergum X subsagittate to sagittate in dorsal view, the apex is pointed directed on left side, whereas it is pointed directed posterad in O. belodes. Furthermore, O. machadoi sp. nov. can be recognized by having only two clusters of spines on the inner surfaces of the inferior appendages, while O. belodes has three clusters.

Description. Adult male. Total body length 2.16 mm (n = 1) (Fig. 4A); forewing length 1.85 mm (n = 1). General color yellowish brown (in alcohol) (Fig. 4A). Head with three ocelli; dorsally with two pairs of setal warts; ocellar pair closely appressed on midline, each subtriangular; posterolateral pair large, ellipsoid (Fig. 4C). Metascutellum subpentagonal (Fig. 4B). Forewing with forks I, II, III present; discoidal cell absent; R₃ fused with basal 3/4 of R₄₊₅; M₁₊₂ partially fused with subapical portion of R₄₊₅; M₁ partially fused with basal 1/3 of R_5, ending on wing margin almost at level of end of R₅; M_2, completely independent of R_4+5, ending on wing margin almost at level of end of R₄; fork of M₁₊₂ and M₃₊₄ branching from each other near origin of independent R₃; r and r-m crossveins present (Fig. 4D). Hind wings with forks II and V C with row of short spines on proximal region; R₂₊₃ originating midway between origins of R₁ and R₄₊₅; base of M₁₊₂ not fused to R, branching from M₃₊₄ near middle of wing; and Cu₁ subdivided apically into 2 branches (Fig. 4E). Tibial spur formula 0, 3, 4. Abdominal sternum VII with pointed mesoventral process (Fig. 5C).

Male genitalia. Segment IX, in lateral view, with upper anterolateral margin slightly concave, mesoventrally produced; upper posterolateral margin slightly produced posterad (Fig. 5A, D); in dorsal view, with U-shaped cleft posteriorly (Fig. 5F); in ventral view, subquadrangular (Fig. 5H, I). Tergum X, in lateral view, subtriangular, 2/3 as long as inferior appendages, bearing one subapical acute process on the left side directed posteroventrad, apically with shallow cleft and subacute process directed lateroventrad (Fig. 5A–B, D); in dorsal view, narrow, not divided, subsagittate, with slightly sclerotized base bearing ventral, stick-shaped apodeme at midlength; without basodorsal process or projection; apex strongly sclerotized, pointed directed on left side (Fig. 5F). Inferior appendage, in lateral view, oblong; 3.5X as long as wide, apically rounded (Fig. 5A, D); in dorsal view, surpassing tergum X, with inner surfaces bearing numerous slender, dark, peg-like setae grouped subapically (Fig. 5F); in ventral view, with row of 5–9 medium-sized, thick spines at 1/3 basal on inner margin (Fig. 5H, I). Phallus simple, tubular, 3.2x longer than inferior appendages, thread-like (Fig. 5E, G).

Holotype. Male. BRAZIL: Tocantins: Palmas, Parque Estadual do Lajeado, Igarapé da Onça (#01-TO), 10°06′44.50″S, 48°15′31.10″W, 596 m, 28.xii.2017, J.O. Silva, G. Amora legs., Malaise trap (INPA). Paratypes: Same data as for holotype, 1 male (MNRJ), 1 male (DZRJ); same collection data as for preceding, except 30.i.2018, 1 male (INPA), 1 male (UFBA).

Etymology. This new species is named in memory of the late Prof. Dr. Angelo Barbosa Monteiro Machado (1934-2020) (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) in recognition of his contributions to the study of the Neotropical aquatic insects, especially dragonflies (Odonata).

Distribution. BRAZIL: Cerrado biome (Tocantins state) (Fig. 1).

Ochrotrichia nessimiani Desidério, Alves, Moreno & Hamada, sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ABD4B0CC-91EE-4CF1-8AB9-AA49C7732FB7

(Figs 6A–E & 7A–I)

Figure 6
Ochrotrichia nessimianisp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZRJ). A, dorsal habitus; B, head and thorax, dorsal view; C, head, dorsal view; D, forewing, right dorsal view; E, hind wing, right dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, D, E); 0.2 mm (B); 0.1 mm (C).

Figure 7
Ochrotrichia nessimianisp. nov. A, genitalia, left lateral; B, tergum X, left lateral; C, mesoventral process of segment VII, left lateral; D, genitalia, left lateral (photograph); E, phallus, left lateral; F, genitalia, dorsal; G, apex of phallus, ventral; H, genitalia, ventral; I, genitalia, ventral (photograph). Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Differential diagnosis.Ochrotrichia nessimianisp. nov. can be designated to the O. cruces group from Flint Junior (1972) by having triangular inferior appendages, in lateral view. It is most similar to O. vieja Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, 1998 based on the rounded apically inferior appendages, in lateral view; with inner surface bearing numerous medium-sized, dark, peg-like setae grouped subapically. However, they can be easily distinguished by the shape of the X tergum, which in the new species is apically divided into two sclerotized processes, in dorsal view, bearing left process with pointed, downturned apex, in lateral view, while in O. vieja it is divided into more processes and the left process is sinuous with rounded apex, in lateral view.

Description. Adult male. Total body length 2.90–3.20 mm (mean = 3.04 mm, SD = 0.12, n = 5) (Fig. 6A); forewing length 2.70–3.00 mm (n = 5). General color brown (in alcohol) (Fig. 6A). Head with three ocelli; dorsally with two pairs of setal warts; ocellar pair closely appressed on midline, each subtriangular; posterolateral pair large, ellipsoid (Fig. 6C). Metascutellum subpentagonal (Fig. 6B). Forewing with forks I, II, III; discoidal cell absent; R₃ fused with basal 3/4 of R₄₊₅; M₁₊₂ partially fused with subapical portion of R₄₊₅; M₁ distinct from mid-length of R₅; M₂ distinct from R₄₊₅ immediately before origin of fork II; fork of M₁₊₂ and M₃₊₄ near origin of independent R₃; r and r-m crossveins absent (Fig. 6D). Hind wing with forks II, III and V; C with row of short spines on proximal region; R₂₊₃ originating near level of apex of M₁₊₂; base of M₁₊₂ not fused to R, branching from M₃₊₄ near middle of wing; and Cu1 subdivided apically into 2 branches (Fig. 6E). Tibial spur formula 0, 3, 4. Abdominal sternum VII with pointed mesoventral process (Fig. 7C).

Male genitalia. Segment IX, in lateral view, with upper anterolateral margin slightly concave, mesoventrally produced; upper posterolateral margin tapering dorsally (Fig. 7A, D); in dorsal view, with U-shaped cleft posteriorly (Fig. 7F); in ventral view, subhexagonal (Fig. 7H, I). Tergum X, in lateral view, subtriangular, long, almost reaching midlength of inferior appendages, apex of left process with a strong downturned curvature (Fig. 7A–B, D); in dorsal view, subpentagonal base, apically divided into two sclerotized processes; without basodorsal process or projection; apex strongly sclerotized, left process broad, with a constriction subbasally, subtriangular at midlength, with acute apex; right process triangular, tapering to subacute apex (Fig. 7F). Inferior appendage, in lateral view, subtriangular; 2X as long as wide, apically rounded (Fig. 7A, D); in dorsal view, surpassing tergum X, with inner surfaces bearing numerous medium-sized, dark, peg-like setae grouped subapically and on the mid-basal ridge (Fig. 7F); in ventral view, with row of 2–3 medium-sized, slender mesal spines on inner margin (Fig. 7H, I). Phallus simples, tubular, 2.7× longer than inferior appendages, thread-like, with triangular, subapicolateral process (Fig. 7E, G).

Holotype. Male. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Jaboticatubas, Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, Trilha para Cachoeira da Farofa, Córrego da Farofa, 19°23’02.6”S, 43°34’49.1”W, 812 m, 06−09.i.2019, A.A. Alves, J.L. Nessimian, L. Hoehne, A.L. Henriques-Oliveira legs., Malaise trap (DZRJ). Paratypes: Same data as for holotype, 2 males (DZRJ); same collection data as for preceding, except 3 males (INPA); same collection data as for preceding, except 2 males (MNRJ).

Etymology. This new species is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Jorge Luiz Nessimian (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) who helped collect the type specimens and in recognition of his contributions to the study of the Neotropical aquatic insects, especially caddisflies (Trichoptera).

Distribution. BRAZIL: Cerrado biome (Minas Gerais state) (Fig. 1).

Discussion

Knowledge about the diversity of Ochrotrichia, similar to other caddisflies in Brazil (Santos et al., 2020), is concentrated in the Atlantic Forest biome. The genus has 11 species reported in this biome, followed by the Amazon and Caatinga, with four and three species registered, respectively (Table 1). To date, only one species of Ochrotrichia has been recorded in the Cerrado biome, O. igrapiuna Souza, Santos and Takiya, 2014 (Desidério et al., 2017; Santos, 2023), with the three new species described in this work the number of species increases significantly for this biome. The genus is reported for the first time in the Brazilian Central-West region, indicating the need to expand sampling in poorly sampled geographic regions. Other regions where species of Ochrotrichia have not yet been recorded are the Pampa and Pantanal biomes (Santos, 2023). Herein, Ochrotrichia is recorded for the first time to Federal District, Minas Gerais and Tocantins states, as well as for the hydrographic basins of Paraná, São Francisco, and Tocantins Rivers, and O. froehlichi sp. nov. represent the first species of Hydroptilidae in Federal District.

Acknowledgments

We thank Jeferson Oliveira da Silva (LACIA-INPA) for their friendship and valuable field work assistance. We thank the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) for collecting permits and the NATURATINS – Instituto Natureza do Tocantins, for permission to access and collect in the Parque Estadual do Lajeado (Process n. 96320108). GRD is grateful to Dr Beatriz Ronchi Teles (INPA) for allowing use of the laboratory infrastructure. We are grateful to the editor, Dr. Frederico Salles, for his assistance and we highly appreciate the suggestions and corrections of the reviewers to improve the manuscript.

• urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8AC69FF1-D5AC-4FA2-8EA9-9E283755A96B

• Funding

  This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil (CAPES)—finance code 001; Insetos aquáticos fragmentadores e fungos associados: taxonomia, interação e potencial de uso biotecnológico–Edital BIONORTE (407843/2013-2), MCTI-INPA/ADAPTA II and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) – POSGRAD 2019. The Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) via the “Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil” provided a post-doctoral fellowship for GRD (PROFIX-JD 150625/2023-5). CNPq also provided a research fellowship for NH (Process n. 308970/2019-5) and a doctoral fellowship for AAA (Process n. 165746/2021-1). The Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI) provided a PCI/DB post-doctoral fellowship for AMP (Process n. 301386/2023-4). BLC received a MSc. fellowship (Process n. 88887.602480/2021-00) and LM (Process n. 88887.806542/2023-00) a doctoral fellowship, both from CAPES.

References

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Edited by

Associate Editor: Adolfo Calor

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  27 Nov 2023
• Date of issue
  2023

History

• Received
  16 Aug 2023
• Accepted
  18 Oct 2023