First records of Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) and its parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), on irrigated rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Primeiros registros de Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) e seu parasitoide, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), em arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul

First records of Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) and its parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), on irrigated rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Primeiros registros de Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) e seu parasitoide, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), em arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul

Patrícia Menegaz de Farias^I; Joana Tartari Klein^II; Josué Sant'Ana^I; Luiza Rodrigues Redaelli^I,II; Jocélia Grazia^II

^IPrograma de Pós-graduação em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 7712, 91540–000 Porto Alegre-RS, Brasil. patrícia–[e-mail]; [e-mail]; [e-mail]

^IIPrograma de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501–970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brasil. [e-mail]; [e-mail]

ABSTRACT

First records of Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) and its parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), on rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Eggs, nymphs, and adults of Glyphepomis adroguensis Berg, 1891 (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) were observed for the first time on rice fields (Oryza sativa L.) in Charqueadas (29º59'S, 51º31'W) and Eldorado do Sul (30º02'S, 51º23'W) of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Telenomus podisi Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) was found in G. adroguensis eggs.

Keywords: Egg parasitoids; rice; stink bug.

RESUMO

Primeiros registros de Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) e seu parasitoide, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), em arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul. Ovos, ninfas e adultos de Glyphepomis adroguensis Berg, 1891 (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) foram observados pela primeira vez no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, em lavouras de arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa L.) em Charqueadas (29º59'S, 51º31'W) e Eldorado do Sul (30º02'S, 51º23'W). Telenomus podisi Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) foi encontrado em ovos de G. adroguensis.

Palavras-chave: Arroz; parasitoide de ovos; percevejo.

Stink bugs of the genus Glyphepomis Berg, 1891 are exclusively Neotropical, occurring in most areas of Brazil (except the north), northern Argentina, and Uruguay (Berg 1891; Pirán 1956; Ruffinelli & Pirán 1959, Pirán 1967, 1970). Four species are recognized: Glyphepomis adroguensis Berg, 1891, Glyphepomis setigera Kormilev & Pirán, 1952, Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia, 1998, and Glyphepomis spinosa Campos & Grazia, 1998 (Campos & Grazia 1998). The first two species are known from Argentina, Uruguay, and the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, where their host is Paspalum quadrifarium (Poaceae) (Kormilev & Pirán 1952). Campos & Grazia (1998) recorded G. adroguensis on azalea and G. setigera and G. pelotensis on rice; these last two species occur exclusively in Brazil (Campos & Grazia 1998). No studies about biology and immature stages morphology of G. adroguensis were found in literature.

Egg parasitoids are considered the primary natural enemies of Pentatomidae bugs (Martins et al. 2004). In the laboratory, Pacheco and Corrêa-Ferreira (1998) observed parasitism by Telenomus podisi on eggs of three pentatomids pests of soybean: Euschistus heros Fabricius, 1794, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood, 1837) and Nezara viridula (Linnaeus, 1758). In the laboratory, 70% parasitism by T. podisi on Tibraca limbativentris Stål, 1860 (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) eggs was reported (Riffel et al. 2010); on irrigated rice plantation, these authors found more than 80% out of 3,344 eggs parasitized by T. podisi and Trissolcus urichi Crawford, 1913 (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae).

The genus Glyphepomis is closely related to Tibraca Stål, 1860 (Campos & Grazia, 1998). T. limbativentris and Tibraca exigua Fernandes & Grazia, 1998 have both been documented on rice plantations of southern Brazil (Fernandes & Grazia 1998).

During December 2010 until March 2011 we sampled irrigated rice fields in two areas (2,500 m²/each) in Charqueadas (29º59'S, 51º31'W) (Puita variety) and Eldorado do Sul (30º02'S, 51º23'W) (Epagri 109 variety) of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. In the morning (from 9 a.m. to 12 a.m.), weekly, all plants from 12 randomly spaced plots of 1 m² (delimited by a wood square) were examined. Plants in the vegetative phase (V1 to V13) were searched during five minutes, while those in the reproductive phase (R0 to R9) (Counce et al. 2000) were searched for 10 minutes, according to the plant mass. Collected insects and eggs suppose to be G. adroguensis were placed in plastic bags, identified and sexed in the laboratory. The nymphs were kept with food until adult emergence in Gerbox (11 x 11 x 3 cm) and eggs in Petri dishes (9 cm Ø) with moistened cotton until the parasitoid emergence or nymph eclosion (25 ± 1ºC; 60 ± 10% RH; 12:12 h L: D). The Charqueadas sample included 17 eggs, 52 second instar nymphs, and 32 adults (Fig. 1) (18 males and 14 females) of G. adroguensis. The Eldorado do Sul sample included 20 eggs, 10 second instar nymphs, and 11 adults (six males and five females). All eggs recorded in Eldorado do Sul were parasitized by T. podisi, identified by Dr. Valmir Antonio Costa, from Instituto Biológico de Campinas, Brazil.

In both areas, adults were found at the base of the plants between the stems, while eggs and nymphs were found on the leaf apices. Adults of G. adroguensis were observed on rice stems in a position similar to that described for T. limbativentris (Ferreira & Martins 1984), with the head pointed downward.

These records of G. adroguensis indicate that rice plantations may represent important breeding and feeding sites for the species. Given the economic importance of the rice crop in Rio Grande do Sul state, close monitoring of the system is recommended. We suggest additional studies on the biology, immature stages morphology and ecology of G. adroguensis, and on the potential of T. podisi as a biological control agent.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

To Capes (PMF) and CNPq (JTK, LRR, and JG) for fellowships to the authors.

Received 2/8/2011; accepted 6/7/2012

Editor: Paulo Roberto Valle da Silva Pereira

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  18 Sept 2012
• Date of issue
  Sept 2012

History

• Received
  02 Aug 2011
• Accepted
  06 July 2012