Abstracts
The use of a catalytic amount of tellurium(IV) tetrabromide to promote the O-glycosylation of glycals to yield 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides is described. The desired compounds were obtained in good yields and high α-selectivity.
O-glycosylation; tellurium tetrabromide; 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides
O uso de uma quantidade catalítica de tetrabrometo de telúrio(IV) para promover a O-glicosilação de glicais e levar aos O-glicosídeos insaturados correspondentes é descrita. Os compostos desejados foram obtidos em bons rendimentos e em elevada seletividade α.
SHORT REPORT
Stereoselective synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated-O-Glycosides promoted by TeBr4
Juliano C. R. FreitasI,* * e-mail: pmenezes@ufpe.br ; João R. de FreitasII; Paulo H. MenezesI,* * e-mail: pmenezes@ufpe.br
IDepartamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CCEN, 50740-540 Recife-PE, Brazil
IIUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, 55292-270 Garanhuns-PE, Brazil
ABSTRACT
The use of a catalytic amount of tellurium(IV) tetrabromide to promote the O-glycosylation of glycals to yield 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides is described. The desired compounds were obtained in good yields and high α-selectivity.
Keywords:O-glycosylation, tellurium tetrabromide, 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides
RESUMO
O uso de uma quantidade catalítica de tetrabrometo de telúrio(IV) para promover a O-glicosilação de glicais e levar aos O-glicosídeos insaturados correspondentes é descrita. Os compostos desejados foram obtidos em bons rendimentos e em elevada seletividade α.
Introduction
The development of synthetic methodologies for the efficient and stereoselective synthesis of glycosides is one of the main interests in carbohydrate chemistry. In this context, the synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides have attracted considerable attention in this field due to their importance as intermediates in the synthesis of several compounds.1
One of the important-O-glycosylation method for producing 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides, is the Ferrier rearrangement, originally promoted by BF3·Et2O, which involves a nucleophilic substitution reaction combined with an allylic shift in a glycal.2 The orientation of the formed glycoside bond, α or β, depends on some combination of control elements, being the most important the 'kinetic anomeric effect'.3
A number of other Lewis acids such as InCl3,4 montmorillonite-K10,5 SnCl4,6 BiCl3,7 FeCl3,8 Sc(OTf)3,9 ZnCl2,10 LiBF4,11 Dy(OTf)3,12 AuCl3,13 CeCl3,14 and ZrCl415 can be used in the reaction. In addition, oxidizing agents such as DDQ,16 NIS,17 iodine,18 I(Coll)2ClO4,19 CAN20 and HClO4 on silica gel21 can promote the reaction. Most of the methods require a large excess of alcohol leading in some cases to an extensive work up. In addition, some have drawbacks in generality, yields and diastereoselectivity.
Tellurium tetrahalides (TeCl4, TeBr4 and TeI4) have seen considerable research activity because of their structural versatility and potential utility as synthons in many chemical reactions.22 They can react with both Lewis bases and Lewis acids.23 This amphoteric behavior can be understood in terms of the partially ionic Te-X bonding.
In this way, tellurium(IV) tetrabromide could be the Lewis acid choice to promote the O-glycosylation of glycals 1 to yield 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides 2 (Scheme 1).
Results and Discussion
Our initial studies have focused on the development of an optimum set of reaction conditions. In this way, a solution of glycal 1 (1.0 mmol) and propargyl alcohol (1.2 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) were treated at room temperature with different amounts of TeBr4 and the progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. The results are depicted in Table 1.
In all cases the reaction proceeded smoothly leading to the complete conversion into the 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycoside 2a in high yield and with almost exclusive α-selectivity (Table 1, entries 1-5). It is also interesting to note that when the amount of TeBr4 was reduced to 0.01 equiv., a significant decrease in the yield and anomeric selectivity was observed (Table 1, entry 6).
Next, we explored the scope of the reaction for the synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides using glycal 1 and various alcohols (Table 2).27 In the majority of the studied examples, the reaction was faster and more diastereoselective when compared to other literature described catalysts.4-21
As shown in Table 2, reactions with aliphatic and alicyclic alcohols required longer reaction times (entries 6-12). This effect was observed before for other catalytic systems.21
The reaction of glycal 1 with t-BuOH is described to be difficult to proceed,21 but in our case the reaction gave a clean product in high yield and excellent anomeric selectivity (Table 2, entry 10). More reactive alcohols such as allylic, benzylic and propargylic gave better yields and shorter reaction times if compared with aliphatic and alicyclic alcohols (Table 2, entries 1, 2, 3 and 5). The reaction time increased when a homoallylic alcohol was used (Table 2, entry 4). A lower yield was observed when phenol was used as the nucleophile (Table 2, entry 13). This effect was also observed before for other catalytic systems.4,21
We have also examined the influence of the temperature in the reaction. When the reaction was heated under reflux, shorter reaction times were observed if compared with Table 2, without any loss of diastereoselectivity (Table 3).
Conclusions
In summary, we have demonstrated that the TeBr4 is useful to carrying out the synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated-O-glycosides under mild conditions, excellent yield and good α-anomeric selectivity. The methodology is synthetically useful and could be applied for the synthesis of more complex glycosides.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge CNPq, CAPES and FACEPE for financial support. J. C. R. F and P. H. M are also thankful to CNPq for their fellowships.
References
1. Domon, D.; Fujiwara, K.; Ohtaniuchi, Y.; Takezawa, A.; Takeda, S.; Kawasaki, H.; Murai, A.; Kawai, H.; Suzuki, T.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46, 8279; Chambers, D. J.; Evans, G. R.; Fairbanks, A. J.; Tetrahedron: Asymm. 2005, 16, 45; Krohn, K.; Gehle, D.; Kamp, O.; Ree, T. V.; J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2003, 22, 377; Reddy, B. G.; Vankar, Y. D.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 4765; Durham, T. B.; Miller, M. J.; Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 135; Lewis, A.; Stefanuti, I.; Swain, S. A.; Smith, S. A.; Taylor, R. J. K.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 5549; Paterson, I.; Keown, L. E.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 5727; Dorgan, B. J.; Jackson, R. F. W.; Synlett 1996, 859; Borrachero-Moya, P.; Cabrera-Escribano, F.; Gómez-Guillén, M.; Parades-León, M. R.; Carbohydr. Res. 1998, 308, 181; Schmidt, R. R.; Angerbauer, R.; Carbohydr. Res. 1979, 72, 272; Seeberger, P. H.; Bilodeau, M. T.; Danishefsky, S. J.; Aldrichim. Acta 1977, 30, 75.
2. Ferrier, R. J.; Prasad, N.; J. Chem. Soc. (C) 1969, 570.
3. Marzabadi, C. H.; Franck, R. W.; Tetrahedron 2000,56, 8385.
4. Babu, B. S.; Balasubramanian, K. K.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41, 1271; Nagaraj, P.; Ramesh, N. G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3970.
5. Freitas Filho, J. R.; Srivastava, R. M.; da Silva, W. J. P.; Cottier, L.; Sinou, D.; Carbohydr. Res. 2003, 338, 673.
6. Grynkiewicz, G.; Priebe, W.; Zamojski, A.; Carbohydr. Res. 1979, 68, 33; Bhaté, P.; Horton, D.; Priebe, W.; Carbohydr. Res. 1985, 144, 331.
7. Swami, N. R.; Venkateswarlu, A.; Synthesis 2002, 598.
8. Masson, C.; Soto, J.; Bessodes, M.; Synlett 2000, 9, 1281.
9. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Murthy, C. V. S. R.; Kumar, G. M.; Synlett 2000, 1450.
10. Bettadaiah, B. K.; Srinivas, P.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 7257.
11. Babu, B. S.; Balasubramanaian, K. K.; Synth. Commun. 1998, 29, 4299.
12. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Reddy, J. S. S.; J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 2002, 2390.
13. Balamurugan, R.; Koppolu, S. R.; Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 8139.
14. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Reddy, K. B.; Satyanarayana, M.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7009.
15. Smitha, G.; Reddy, C. S.; Synthesis 2004, 834.
16. Toshima, K.; Ishizuka, T.; Matsuo, G.; Nakata, M.; Konoshita, M.; J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 704.
17. López, J. C.; Gómez, A. M.; Valverde, S.; Fraser-Reid, B.; J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 3851.
18. Koreeda, M.; Houston, T. A.; Shull, B. K.; Klemke, E.; Tuinman, R. J.; Synlett 1995, 90.
19. López, J. C.; Fraser-Reid, B.; J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 94.
20. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Pandey, S. K.; New J. Chem. 2001, 25, 538.
21. Agarwal, A.; Rani, S.; Vankar, Y. D.; J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 6137.
22. Zeni, G.; Lüdtke, D. S.; Panatieri, R. B.; Braga, A. L.; Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 1032. For toxicological and pharmacological aspects of organotellurium compounds see: Nogueira, C. W.; Zeni, G.; Rocha, J. B. T.; Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 6255.
23. Narhi, S. M.; Oilunkaniemi, R.; Laitinen, R. S.; Ahlgren, M.; Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 3742; Krebs, B.; Ahlers, F.-P.; Adv. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 35, 235.
24. De, K.; Legros, J.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Tetrahedron 2008, 64, 10497.
25. Oliveira, R. N.; de Melo, A. C. N.; Srivastava, R. M.; Sinou, D.; Heterocycles 2006, 68, 2607.
26. Freitas Filho, J. R.; Srivastava, R. M.; Soro, Y.; Cottier, L.; Descotes, G.; J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2001, 20, 561.
27. Representative procedure for the synthesis of prop-2-ynyl-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy- α-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside (2a): To a 25 mL round bottomed flask containing a solution of glucal 1 (272 mg, 1.0 mmol) and the appropriate alcohol (1.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0 ºC was added TeBr4 (Aldrich) (22.4 mg, 5 mol%). The ice bath was removed and the mixture was stirred for the time indicated on Table 2 (or refluxed for the time indicated on Table 3). Brine (5.0 mL) was then added and the mixture was stirred until the yellow color disappear. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (210.0 mL) and the organic phase dried over MgSO4. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure followed by purification by flash chromatography column [hexanes:EtOAc (95:5)] to yield 246 mg (92%) of the title compound as a white solid. mp: 58-59 ºC (lit.24 59 ºC). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ 2.07 (s, 3H, -OCOCH3), 2.09 (s, 3H, -OCOCH3), 2.45 (t, J 2,4 Hz, -CCH), 4.04-4.10 (m, 1H, H-5), 4.20 (dd, J 11.2 and 5.1 Hz, 2H, Ha-6, Hb-6), 4.29 (d, J 2,4 Hz, -CH2C
C), 5.22 (br s, 1H, H-1), 5.30-5.34 (m, 1H, H-4), 5.80-5.85 (m, 1H, H-2), 5.91 (br d, J 10,2 Hz, 1H, H-3); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 170.7, 170.2, 129.7, 127.1, 92.7, 79.0, 74.8, 67.1, 65.0, 62.7, 55.0, 20.9, 20.7; LMRS (EI) m/z: 268(1), 213(9), 166(23), 153(16), 124(99), 111(25), 95(9), 85(69), 81(11), 67(5), 57(12), 55(10), 43(100).The spectroscopic data of all synthesized compounds match with the reported values: 2f, 2g;242b, 2c, 2e, 2i;132d, 2h;252j, 2m; 2l,26 and 2n.4
Submitted: March 16, 2010
Published online: August 5, 2010
- 1. Domon, D.; Fujiwara, K.; Ohtaniuchi, Y.; Takezawa, A.; Takeda, S.; Kawasaki, H.; Murai, A.; Kawai, H.; Suzuki, T.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46, 8279;
- Chambers, D. J.; Evans, G. R.; Fairbanks, A. J.; Tetrahedron: Asymm. 2005, 16, 45;
- Krohn, K.; Gehle, D.; Kamp, O.; Ree, T. V.; J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2003, 22, 377;
- Reddy, B. G.; Vankar, Y. D.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 4765;
- Durham, T. B.; Miller, M. J.; Org. Lett 2002, 4, 135;
- Lewis, A.; Stefanuti, I.; Swain, S. A.; Smith, S. A.; Taylor, R. J. K.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 5549;
- Paterson, I.; Keown, L. E.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 5727;
- Dorgan, B. J.; Jackson, R. F. W.; Synlett 1996, 859;
- Borrachero-Moya, P.; Cabrera-Escribano, F.; Gómez-Guillén, M.; Parades-León, M. R.; Carbohydr. Res. 1998, 308, 181;
- Schmidt, R. R.; Angerbauer, R.; Carbohydr. Res 1979, 72, 272;
- Seeberger, P. H.; Bilodeau, M. T.; Danishefsky, S. J.; Aldrichim. Acta 1977, 30, 75.
- 2. Ferrier, R. J.; Prasad, N.; J. Chem. Soc. (C) 1969, 570.
- 3. Marzabadi, C. H.; Franck, R. W.; Tetrahedron 2000,56, 8385.
- 4. Babu, B. S.; Balasubramanian, K. K.; Tetrahedron Lett 2000, 41, 1271;
- Nagaraj, P.; Ramesh, N. G.; Tetrahedron Lett 2009, 50, 3970.
- 5. Freitas Filho, J. R.; Srivastava, R. M.; da Silva, W. J. P.; Cottier, L.; Sinou, D.; Carbohydr. Res 2003, 338, 673.
- 6. Grynkiewicz, G.; Priebe, W.; Zamojski, A.; Carbohydr. Res 1979, 68, 33;
- Bhaté, P.; Horton, D.; Priebe, W.; Carbohydr. Res 1985, 144, 331.
- 7. Swami, N. R.; Venkateswarlu, A.; Synthesis 2002, 598.
- 8. Masson, C.; Soto, J.; Bessodes, M.; Synlett 2000, 9, 1281.
- 9. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Murthy, C. V. S. R.; Kumar, G. M.; Synlett 2000, 1450.
- 10. Bettadaiah, B. K.; Srinivas, P.; Tetrahedron Lett 2003, 44, 7257.
- 11. Babu, B. S.; Balasubramanaian, K. K.; Synth. Commun. 1998, 29, 4299.
- 12. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Reddy, J. S. S.; J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 2002, 2390.
- 13. Balamurugan, R.; Koppolu, S. R.; Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 8139.
- 14. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Reddy, K. B.; Satyanarayana, M.; Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7009.
- 15. Smitha, G.; Reddy, C. S.; Synthesis 2004, 834.
- 16. Toshima, K.; Ishizuka, T.; Matsuo, G.; Nakata, M.; Konoshita, M.; J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun 1993, 704.
- 17. López, J. C.; Gómez, A. M.; Valverde, S.; Fraser-Reid, B.; J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 3851.
- 18. Koreeda, M.; Houston, T. A.; Shull, B. K.; Klemke, E.; Tuinman, R. J.; Synlett 1995, 90.
- 19. López, J. C.; Fraser-Reid, B.; J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 94.
- 20. Yadav, J. S.; Reddy, B. V. S.; Pandey, S. K.; New J. Chem 2001, 25, 538.
- 21. Agarwal, A.; Rani, S.; Vankar, Y. D.; J. Org. Chem 2004, 69, 6137.
- 22. Zeni, G.; Lüdtke, D. S.; Panatieri, R. B.; Braga, A. L.; Chem. Rev 2006, 106, 1032.
- For toxicological and pharmacological aspects of organotellurium compounds see: Nogueira, C. W.; Zeni, G.; Rocha, J. B. T.; Chem. Rev 2004, 104, 6255.
- 23. Narhi, S. M.; Oilunkaniemi, R.; Laitinen, R. S.; Ahlgren, M.; Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 3742;
- Krebs, B.; Ahlers, F.-P.; Adv. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 35, 235.
- 24. De, K.; Legros, J.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Tetrahedron 2008, 64, 10497.
- 25. Oliveira, R. N.; de Melo, A. C. N.; Srivastava, R. M.; Sinou, D.; Heterocycles 2006, 68, 2607.
- 26. Freitas Filho, J. R.; Srivastava, R. M.; Soro, Y.; Cottier, L.; Descotes, G.; J. Carbohydr. Chem. 2001, 20, 561.
Publication Dates
-
Publication in this collection
15 Dec 2010 -
Date of issue
2010
History
-
Received
16 Mar 2010 -
Accepted
05 Aug 2010