Leaf surface of two understorey shrubs <i>Rudgea Decipiens</i> Müll. Arg. and <i>Rudgea macrophylla</i> Benth. (Rubiaceae)

Mantovani, André; Vieira, Ricardo Cardoso

doi:10.1590/2175-7860199319974549717501

ABSTRACT

MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAF SURFACE OF TWO SPECIES OF RUDGEA ARE PRESENTED. THE STUDY WAS BASED ON MATERIAL FROM THE UNDERSTOREY OF ATLANTIC FOREST. SPECIAL ATTENTION IS PAID TO THE OCCURENCE OF SMOOTH AND STRIATED CUTICLE, TO PARACYTIC STOMATA,(SOME OF WHICH EXIHBIT AN UNUSUAL PATTERN IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE SURROUNDING EPIDERMAL CELLS) AND TO PAPILLAE, WHICH ARE IRREGULARLY DISTRIBUTED ON THE ABAXIAL LEAF SURFACE. CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE LEAF SURFACE FEATURES AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE DISCUSSED.

KEY WORDS:
SHADE LEAVES; RUDGEA; RUBIACEAE

RESUMO

SÃO APRESENTADOS DADOS RELATIVOS À MICROMORFOI.OGIA DA SUPERFÍCIE FOLIAR DE DUAS ESPÉCIES DE RUDGEA. O ESTUDO FOI REALIZADO EM INDIVÍDUOS QUE OCORREM NO INTERIOR DA FLORESTA PLUVIAL TROPICAL (MATA ATLÂNTICA). DESTACA-SE A OCORRÊNCIA DE CUTÍCULA LISA OU ESTRIADA, CERA EPICUTICUI.AR SEM ORNAMENTAÇÃO, ESTÔMATOS PARACÍTICOS E PARALELOCÍTICOS, SENDO ALGUNS DIFERENTES DO TIPO PADRÃO, E PAPILAS DISTRIBUÍDAS SOMENTE NA FACE ABAXIAL. A CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DA SUPERFÍCIE FOI.IAR E FATORES AMBIENTAIS É DISCUTIDA.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:
FOLHAS DE SOMBRA; RUDGEA; RUBIACEAE

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors are indebted to Heitor Monteiro Duarte, for his help taking the photos. The authors would like to thank Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq), wich provided the research training grant (Nº 110828/92-5), awarded to the first author. Fundação Universitária José bonifácio (FUJB), and also Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica do Instituto de Biofísica (UFRJ).

REFERENCES

AHMAD, I & WAINWRIGHT S.J. 1976. Ecotype differences in leaf surface properties of Agrostis stolonifera from salt marsh, spray zone and inland habitats. New phytol. 76:361-366.
BAKER, E.A. & HUNT, G.M. 1986. Erosion of waxes from leaf surfaces by simulated rain. New. Phytol. 102:161-173.
BARTHLOTT, W. & WOLLENWEBER, E. 1981. Zur Feinstruktur, chemie und taxonomischen signifikans epicuticularer wachse und ahnlicher skrete. Tropische und subtropische Planzenwelt Akademie der wiss. u. d. Literatur. 32:1-67.
BERGEN, J.Y. 1904. Transpiration of sun leaves and shade leaves of Olea europea and broad-leaved evergreens. Bot. Gaz. 38:285-296.
BOARDMAN, N.K. 1977. Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade leaves. Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol. 28:355-377.
BONE. R. A., LEE, D. W. & NORMAN, J. M. 1985. Epidermal cells functioning as lenses in leaves of tropical rain-forest shade plants. App. Opt. 24: 1408-1412..
COUTINHO, L. M. 1962. Contribuição ao conhecimento da ecologia da mata pluvial tropical. B. Fac. Fil. Ciên. Letr. U.S.P. Bot., São Paulo. 18: 219pp.
CUTLER, D. F. 1979. The scanning electron microscope in recent systematic plant anatomy. In Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (C.R. Metcalfe & L. Chalk eds.). Clarendon Press. Oxford, vol. 1, p. 9-11.
DUNN, D. B., SHARM A, G. K. & CAMPBELL, C. C. 1965. Stomatal patterns of dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Am. Mild. Nat. 74: 185-195.
FONTENELLE, G. B., GOMES, D. M. S. & MACHADO. R. D. 1994. Foliar anatomy and micromorphology of eleven species of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 115:111-133.
HALLAM, N. D. 1070. Growth and regenerative of waxes on the leaves of Eucalyptus Planta 93: 257-268.
HART, J. W. 1988. Light and plant growth. Unwin Hyman. London.
HUGHES, A. P 1959 Effects of the controlled shading upon the development of leaf structure in two deciduous tree species. Ecology 25: 404-413.
ISANOGLE, I. E. 1944. Effects of controled shading upon the development of leaf structure in two deciduous trees species. Ecology, 25:404-413.
JOHANSEN, D. 1940. Plant Microtechnique Clarendon Press. Oxford.
JUNIPER, B. E. & JEFFREY, C. E. 1983. Plant surfaces Edward Arnold. London.
MARTIN, J. T. 1964. Role of the cuticle in plant defense against plant desease. An. Rev. Phytopath. 2: 81-100.
MARTIN, J. T & JUNIPER, B. E. 1970. The cuticles of plants Edward Arnold. London.
MATTOS, C. C. L. V., MATTOS, M. D. L. V. & LAROCHE, R. C. 1970. Aspectos do clima e da flora do Parque Nacional da Tijuca. Bras. FI., Rio de Janeiro, 7 (25): 7-12.
METCALFE, C. R. & CHALK, L. 1979. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Clarendon Press Oxford.
NAPP-ZINN, K. 1988. Anatomie der Blattes Gerbrude Borntraeger, Berlin.
PANT, D. D. & MEHRA, B. 1965. Ontogeny of stomata; unrecognized patterns in the Dicotyledoneae. Am. J. Bot. 57: 140-147.
PAYNE, W. W. 1970. Heliocytic and allelocytic stomata; unrecognized patterns in the Dicotyledoneae. Am. J. Bot. 57:140-147.
ROBBRECHT, E. 1988. Tropical wood Rubiaceae Opera Botanica Belgium, v.l, 269pp.
SADDI, N. 1988. Micromorphological evidence in the genus Kielmeyera Martius (Guttiferae). Rev. Bras. Biol. 48(4): 697-720.
SALATINO, A., MONTENEGRO, G. & SALATINO, M. L. F. 1986. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura de superfícies foliares de espécies lenhosas do cerrado. Revta. Bras. Bot. 9: 117-124.
SKOSS, J. D. 1955. Structure and composition of plant cuticle in relation to environmental factors and permeability. Bot. Gaz. 117(1): 55-72.
STACE, C. A. 1965. Cuticular studies as an aid to plant taxonomy. Bull. Br Mus. Nat. Hist. (Bot). 4:3-78.
VIEIRA, R. C. & GOMES, D. M. S. 1995. Superfície da lâmina foliar de Psychotria nuda (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wawra, P. leiocarpa Cham. & Schltdl., P. stenocalyx Müll. Arg. e P. tenuinervis Müll. Arg. (Rubiaceae). Act. Bot. bras. 9(2): 263-270.
VIEIRA, R. C. 1994. Considerações sobre o clima e o solo da Floresta da Tijuca e de Búzios. Cad. Geoc. 12:45-50.
VIEIRA, R, C. & MACHADO, R. D. 1992. Superfície foliar de Bauhinia radiata Vell, em dos ambientes. Hoehnea 19(1/2):111-116.
WILKINSON, H. P. 1979. The plant surface. In Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (C. R. Metcalfe & L. Chalk, eds). Clarendon Press, Oxford, v.1, p.97-165.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Jan-Dec 1993

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] AHMAD, I & WAINWRIGHT S.J. 1976. Ecotype differences in leaf surface properties of Agrostis stolonifera from salt marsh, spray zone and inland habitats. New phytol. 76:361-366.

[2] BAKER, E.A. & HUNT, G.M. 1986. Erosion of waxes from leaf surfaces by simulated rain. New. Phytol. 102:161-173.

[3] BARTHLOTT, W. & WOLLENWEBER, E. 1981. Zur Feinstruktur, chemie und taxonomischen signifikans epicuticularer wachse und ahnlicher skrete. Tropische und subtropische Planzenwelt Akademie der wiss. u. d. Literatur. 32:1-67.

[4] BERGEN, J.Y. 1904. Transpiration of sun leaves and shade leaves of Olea europea and broad-leaved evergreens. Bot. Gaz. 38:285-296.

[5] BOARDMAN, N.K. 1977. Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade leaves. Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol. 28:355-377.

[6] BONE. R. A., LEE, D. W. & NORMAN, J. M. 1985. Epidermal cells functioning as lenses in leaves of tropical rain-forest shade plants. App. Opt. 24: 1408-1412..

[7] COUTINHO, L. M. 1962. Contribuição ao conhecimento da ecologia da mata pluvial tropical. B. Fac. Fil. Ciên. Letr. U.S.P. Bot., São Paulo. 18: 219pp.

[8] CUTLER, D. F. 1979. The scanning electron microscope in recent systematic plant anatomy. In Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (C.R. Metcalfe & L. Chalk eds.). Clarendon Press. Oxford, vol. 1, p. 9-11.

[9] DUNN, D. B., SHARM A, G. K. & CAMPBELL, C. C. 1965. Stomatal patterns of dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Am. Mild. Nat. 74: 185-195.

[10] FONTENELLE, G. B., GOMES, D. M. S. & MACHADO. R. D. 1994. Foliar anatomy and micromorphology of eleven species of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 115:111-133.

[11] HALLAM, N. D. 1070. Growth and regenerative of waxes on the leaves of Eucalyptus Planta 93: 257-268.

[12] HART, J. W. 1988. Light and plant growth. Unwin Hyman. London.

[13] HUGHES, A. P 1959 Effects of the controlled shading upon the development of leaf structure in two deciduous tree species. Ecology 25: 404-413.

[14] ISANOGLE, I. E. 1944. Effects of controled shading upon the development of leaf structure in two deciduous trees species. Ecology, 25:404-413.

[15] JOHANSEN, D. 1940. Plant Microtechnique Clarendon Press. Oxford.

[16] JUNIPER, B. E. & JEFFREY, C. E. 1983. Plant surfaces Edward Arnold. London.

[17] MARTIN, J. T. 1964. Role of the cuticle in plant defense against plant desease. An. Rev. Phytopath. 2: 81-100.

[18] MARTIN, J. T & JUNIPER, B. E. 1970. The cuticles of plants Edward Arnold. London.

[19] MATTOS, C. C. L. V., MATTOS, M. D. L. V. & LAROCHE, R. C. 1970. Aspectos do clima e da flora do Parque Nacional da Tijuca. Bras. FI., Rio de Janeiro, 7 (25): 7-12.

[20] METCALFE, C. R. & CHALK, L. 1979. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Clarendon Press Oxford.

[21] NAPP-ZINN, K. 1988. Anatomie der Blattes Gerbrude Borntraeger, Berlin.

[22] PANT, D. D. & MEHRA, B. 1965. Ontogeny of stomata; unrecognized patterns in the Dicotyledoneae. Am. J. Bot. 57: 140-147.

[23] PAYNE, W. W. 1970. Heliocytic and allelocytic stomata; unrecognized patterns in the Dicotyledoneae. Am. J. Bot. 57:140-147.

[24] ROBBRECHT, E. 1988. Tropical wood Rubiaceae Opera Botanica Belgium, v.l, 269pp.

[25] SADDI, N. 1988. Micromorphological evidence in the genus Kielmeyera Martius (Guttiferae). Rev. Bras. Biol. 48(4): 697-720.

[26] SALATINO, A., MONTENEGRO, G. & SALATINO, M. L. F. 1986. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura de superfícies foliares de espécies lenhosas do cerrado. Revta. Bras. Bot. 9: 117-124.

[27] SKOSS, J. D. 1955. Structure and composition of plant cuticle in relation to environmental factors and permeability. Bot. Gaz. 117(1): 55-72.

[28] STACE, C. A. 1965. Cuticular studies as an aid to plant taxonomy. Bull. Br Mus. Nat. Hist. (Bot). 4:3-78.

[29] VIEIRA, R. C. & GOMES, D. M. S. 1995. Superfície da lâmina foliar de Psychotria nuda (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wawra, P. leiocarpa Cham. & Schltdl., P. stenocalyx Müll. Arg. e P. tenuinervis Müll. Arg. (Rubiaceae). Act. Bot. bras. 9(2): 263-270.

[30] VIEIRA, R. C. 1994. Considerações sobre o clima e o solo da Floresta da Tijuca e de Búzios. Cad. Geoc. 12:45-50.

[31] VIEIRA, R, C. & MACHADO, R. D. 1992. Superfície foliar de Bauhinia radiata Vell, em dos ambientes. Hoehnea 19(1/2):111-116.

[32] WILKINSON, H. P. 1979. The plant surface. In Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (C. R. Metcalfe & L. Chalk, eds). Clarendon Press, Oxford, v.1, p.97-165.

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