Extração de várias formas de fósforo em alguns solos do estado de São Paulo, utilizando vários métodos químicos

Perez, Alfredo Lopez; Neptune, André Martin Louis

doi:10.1590/S0071-12761987000200008

Resumos

Vários métodos de extração para o P solúvel, o P orgânico e o P total foram comparados em 5 (cinco) solos do Estado de São Paulo, que são: a) areia quartzosa (Entissol); b) podzolisado vermelho amarelo, variação Lara (Ultissol); c) latossol vermelho (Oxissol); d) podzolisado vermelho amarelo, variação Piracicaba (Ultissol); e) terra Roxa Estruturada (Alfissol). De acordo com os dados, as seguintes conclusões foram tiradas: 1. Os melhores extratores para o P solúvel foram H2SO4 0,05 N (método -IAC) e H2SO4 0,025 N + HC1 0,05 N (método Mehlich). 2. Para remover e medir o P orgânico, os extratores foram equivalentes. 3. 0 método químico de Sommers e Nelson e aquele de Jackson foram os melhores para o P total no solo.

Various extractions methods for soluble P, organic P and total P, were compared on five soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, namely: a. sandy quartz (Entisol), b. red yellow podzolic, Lara variation (Ultisol); c. red-ocre latosol (Oxisol); d. red yellow podzolic, Piracicaba variation (Ultisol); e. terra roxa estruturada (Alfisol). According to the data, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The best extractants for soluble P were H2SO4 0,05 N (IAC methods) and H2SO4 0,025 N + HC1 0,05 N (Mehlich method) . 2. For removing and measuring the organic P, the extractants were equivalents. 3. The chemical method of Sommers & Nelson and . that of Jackson were the best for the total P in the soil.

Extração de várias formas de fósforo em alguns solos do estado de São Paulo, utilizando vários métodos químicos

Extraction of various forms of phosphorus in soil of the São Paulo state, Brazil, using various chemical methods

Alfredo Lopez Perez^I; André Martin Louis Neptune^II

^IUniversidade del Tachira - San Cristobal - Estado Tachira - Venezuela

^IIUniversidade de São Paulo - ESALQ - Piracicaba - Estado de São Paulo - Brasil

RESUMO

Vários métodos de extração para o P solúvel, o P orgânico e o P total foram comparados em 5 (cinco) solos do Estado de São Paulo, que são: a) areia quartzosa (Entissol); b) podzolisado vermelho amarelo, variação Lara (Ultissol); c) latossol vermelho (Oxissol); d) podzolisado vermelho amarelo, variação Piracicaba (Ultissol); e) terra Roxa Estruturada (Alfissol).

De acordo com os dados, as seguintes conclusões foram tiradas:

1. Os melhores extratores para o P solúvel foram H₂SO₄ 0,05 N (método -IAC) e H₂SO₄ 0,025 N + HC1 0,05 N (método Mehlich).

2. Para remover e medir o P orgânico, os extratores foram equivalentes.

3. 0 método químico de Sommers e Nelson e aquele de Jackson foram os melhores para o P total no solo.

SUMMARY

Various extractions methods for soluble P, organic P and total P, were compared on five soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, namely: a. sandy quartz (Entisol), b. red yellow podzolic, Lara variation (Ultisol); c. red-ocre latosol (Oxisol); d. red yellow podzolic, Piracicaba variation (Ultisol); e. terra roxa estruturada (Alfisol).

According to the data, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The best extractants for soluble P were H₂SO₄ 0,05 N (IAC methods) and H₂SO₄ 0,025 N + HC1 0,05 N (Mehlich method) .

2. For removing and measuring the organic P, the extractants were equivalents.

3. The chemical method of Sommers & Nelson and . that of Jackson were the best for the total P in the soil.

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LITERATURA CITADA

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Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
20 Ago 2010
Data do Fascículo
1987

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[2] ALEXANDER, T.G. e J.A. ROBERTSON, 1972. EDTA extractable phosphorus in relation to available and inorganic phosphorus forms in soils. Soil Sci, 114:69-72.

[3] AMER, F., D.R. BOULDIN, C.A. BLACK e F.R. DUKE, 1955. Characterization of soil phosphorus by anion-exchange resin absorption and ³²P equilibration. P1 Soil , 6: 391-408.

[4] ANDERSON, A., 1975. Relative efficiency of nine differents. Sw J Agr Res, 5(3):125-135.

[5] ANDERSON, G., 1970. The isolation of nucleoside diphosphates from alkaline extract of soil. J . Soil Sci, 21: 96-105.

[6] ANDERSON, G. e R.J. HANGE, 1963. Investigation of an organic phosphorus component of fulvic acid. P1 Soil XIX(3):296-303.

[7] ANDERSON, G. e R.E. MALCOM, 1974. The nature of alkalisoluble soil organic phosphates. J Soil Sci, 25: 282-297.

[8] AWAN, A.B., 1964. Effect of lime on availability of phosphorus in Zamorano soils. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc., 28(5): 672-673.

[9] BIASI, J. A avaliação do Fósforo relacionado a diversos extratores químicos em solos de Santa Catarina Piracicaba, 1978. 181 p. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz".

[10] BIRCH, H.F., 1961. Phosphorus transformations during plant decomposition. P1 Soil, XV(4) :347-366.

[11] BLACK, C.A. e C.A.I. GORING, 1953. Organic phosphorus in soils. In: Soil and fertilizer phosphorus Pierre W.H. and A.G. Norman, eds. Academic Press Inc., New York, pp. 123-152.

[12] BORNEMISZA, E., 1966. Organic phosphorus in tropical soils. Turrialba 16:33-38.

[13] BOWER, C.A., 1949. Studies on the forms and availability of soil organic phosphorus. Iowa Agr. Exp. St. Res Bulletim nş 362, p. 33.

[14] BRAGA, J.M. e B.V. DEFELIPO, 1972. Relações entre formas de P inorgânico, P disponível e material vegetal, em solos sob vegetação de cerrado. I: Trabalho de Laboratório. R Ceres Viçosa, 19(102):124-136.

[15] BRAY, R.H. e L.T. KURTZ, 1945. Determination of total, organic and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Sci., 59:39-45.

[16] BREMNER, J.M. e C.L. HO, 1961. Use of ion exchange resines for extraction of soil organic matter. Agr Abs. Am Soc. Agr, 15.

[17] CABALA, R.P. e M.B.M. SANTANA, 1972. Comparison of chemical extractants of phosphorus in soils of southern Bahia. Turrialba. 22(1):19-26

[18] CATANI, R.A., 1947. Contribuição ao estudo dos fosfatos, sua dosagem, extração e distribuição nos solos do Estado de São Paulo. Piracicaba, ESALQ/USP, 65 p. (Tese de Doutoramento).

[19] CATANI, R.A., J.R. GALLO e H. GARGANTINI, 1955. Amostragem de solo, métodos de análises, interpretação e indicações gerais para fins de fertilidade Inst. Agr. Campinas, Boletim nş 69, 29 pp.

[20] CATANI, R.A. e O.C. BATAGLIA, 1968. Formas de ocorrência de fósforo no solo latossólico roxo. Anais da ESALQ, Piracicaba, 25: 99-119.

[21] CATANI, R.A., A.C. NASCIMENTO e J.R. GALLO, 1957. Formas de ocorrência do fósforo nos solos do Estado de São Paulo. Revista de Agricultura, Piracicaba, 32(3): 147-163.

[22] CHANG, S.C., 1965. Application of phosphorus fractionation to the study of the chemistry of available soil phosphorus. Soil and Fert. in Taiwan, p. 1-15.

[23] COSGROVE, D.J., 1963. The chemical nature of soil organic phosphorus. I. Inositol phosphates. Aust J Soil Res, 1:203-214.

[24] COSGROVE, D.J., 1967. Isolation of Myo-lnositol pentaphosphates hydrolysates of phytic acid. Biochem. J, 89: 172-175.

[25] COSGROVE, D.J., 1972. The origin of inositol polyphosphates in soil. Some model experiments in aqueous systems involving the chemical phosphorilation of myo-inositol and the epimerization of myo-inositol pentaphosphates . Soil Biol . Biochem., 4:387-396.

[26] DAZA, B.J. e L.R. MULLER, 1965. Comparación de cinco métodos químicos para la determinación de fósforo aprovechable en algunos suelos tropicales. Turrialba 15(3):249-251.

[27] DICK, W.A. e M.A. TABATABAI, 1977. Determination of orthophosphate in aqueous solutions containing labile organic and inorganic phosphorus compounds. J. Environ. Qual . 6: 82-85.

[28] DORMAAR,J.F. e G.R. WEBSTER, 1963. Determination of total organic phosphorus in soils by extraction methods. Cand. J Soil Sci, 43: 35.42.

[29] FARDEAU, J.C., D. DELILLE e C. ABRAMOVICI, 1968. Utilisation de la phytine par Tes plantes. In: Isotopes and Radiation in soil organic matter studies., Inter. Atom. Ener. Agen. Vienna, pp. 555-565.

[30] FASSDENDER, H.W., L. MULLER e F. BALERDI, 1968. Estudio del fósforo en suelos de América Central: II. Formas y su relación con las plantas. Turrialba, 18:333-347.

[31] FERREIRA, M.E., F.A.F., MELLO e M.O.C. DO BRASIL SOBRINHO, 1978. Comparação entre três técnicas de extração de P solúvel do solo. Científica, 5(3):244-249.

[32] FRIED, M. e H. BROESHART, 1967 - The soil-plant system, in relations to in organic nutrition. New York, Academic Press, 358 pp.

[33] FRIEND, M.T. e H.F. BIRCH, 1960. Phosphate response in relation to soil tests and organic phosphorus content. J Agr Sci, 54:341-347.

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