Fenóis, peroxidase e polifenoloxidase na resistência do cafeeiro a Meloidogyne incognita

I. FISIOLOGIA DE PLANTAS

Fenóis, peroxidase e polifenoloxidase na resistência do cafeeiro a Meloidogyne incognita

Phenols, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in the resistance of coffee to Meloidogyne incognita

Paulo Mazzafera^I; Wallace Gonçalves^II; José Afonso Righetti Fernandes^III

^IDepartamento de Fisiologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Unicamp, CP 6109, 13093 Campinas

IISeção de Genética, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), CP 28, 13001 Campinas (SP)

^IIICoordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integral (CATI)

RESUMO

Plântulas dos cultivares Mundo Novo, de Coffea arabica, suscetível, e Apoatã, de Coffea canephora, resistente, foram inoculadas com ovos de Meloidogyne incognita raça 2, e avaliadas em duas fases do ciclo de desenvolvimento do parasito, isto é, na de penetração de larvas e na de fêmeas com ovos. Não foram observadas diferenças quanto ao desenvolvimento radicular e da parte aérea entre plântulas inoculadas e não inoculadas, nas duas avaliações. Nos dois cultivares, houve aumento no teor de fenóis nas plântulas inoculadas na primeira avaliação, e, na segunda, apesar de os valores terem sido maiores, foram iguais entre plântulas inoculadas e seus respectivos controles. O 'Mundo Novo' apresentou sempre maior conteúdo de fenóis que o 'Apoatã' e somente houve aumento na sua atividade de peroxidase na primeira avaliação. Na segunda, a atividade dessa enzima foi maior do que na primeira, porém igual entre plântulas inoculadas e seus controles. O 'Apoatã' sempre teve maior atividade de peroxidase, e apenas houve aumento da atividade de sua polifenoloxidase na primeira avaliação, sendo que nesse cultivar a atividade dessa enzima sempre foi maior do que no 'Mundo Novo'. Cromatografias em camada delgada de celulose mostraram que em nenhum deles houve variações quantitativas de fenóis entre as plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas. Ambos, 'Mundo Novo' e 'Apoatã', apresentaram 23 compostos fenólicos em comum e, nove e onze não comuns respectivamente.

Termos de indexação: cafeeiro, nematóides, fenóis, enzimas.

SUMMARY

Seedlings of two coffee cultivars were inoculated with the nematode Meloidogyne incognita: cv. Mundo Novo (susceptible) of Coffea arabica and cv. Apoatã (resistant) of C. canephora. During the larval penetration and adult female phases of the parasite, evaluations were made on phenol content, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities. In the two evaluations, no differences were observed in roots and shoots growth among inoculated and non inoculated seedling. For both cultivars, only in the first phase infected seedlings showed an increase in phenols as compared to their counterparts not inoculated. However, phenol values were higher in the second than in the first phase. The cv. Mundo Novo had always higher phenols content than Apoatã. Only inoculated seedlings of the cv. Mundo Novo showed an increase of peroxidase activities in the first phase; but, both cultivars presented higher peroxidase activities in the second phase as compared to the first. Apoatã seedlings had always higher peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities than Mundo Novo. Infected seedlings of the cv. Apoatã showed in the first phase, only, an increase in polyphenoloxidase activity. Thin-layer chromatograms of phenolic extracts did not present any difference among inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings. Twenty three spots on the chromatograms were common to both cultivars, except that Apoatã had a further nine spots not found in Mundo Novo and the later had a further eleven not found in the former.

Index terms: Coffee, nematodes, phenols, enzymes.

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Recebido para publicação em 29 de maio e aceito em 1º de agosto de 1989

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  29 Nov 2007
• Data do Fascículo
  1989

Histórico

• Aceito
  01 Ago 1989
• Recebido
  29 Maio 1989