Bacteriological evaluation of wounds in seriously burned hospitalized patients

Silva, Sueli de Lourdes Nogueira Vilela; Macedo, Oswaldo Gontijo; Damasceno, Carlos Américo Veiga; Carvalho, Maria Auxiliadora Roque de; Cisalpino, Eduardo Osório

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821991000300007

Abstracts

During the period between May and December 1988, 21 patients were studied bacteriologically at Hospital João XXIII's burn's unit which belongs to "Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais" in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of aerobic and facultative bacteria from burn wounds was carried out by the standard filter paper disc technique, including antibiotic susceptibility. At the same time an evaluation of those bacteria isolated from the environmental unit was performed. The most common organisms recovered from wounds of patients were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. P. pseudomallei was the most frequent strain recovered from environmental specimens. In nearly all patients specimens (16 in total) from whom P. aeruginosa was isolated, the rate of CFU/cm² of skin was above 10². In nine of these, it reached 10(5), wich is equivalent to 10(7) CFU/g of burned tissue.

Nosocomial infection; Burn wounds infection

No período de maio a dezembro de 1988, foram avaliados bacteriologicamente 21 pacientes da Unidade de Queimados do Hospital João XXIII pertencente à Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. A avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de bactérias aeróbicas e facultativas de queimaduras foi realizada através da técnica do disco de papel de filtro padronizado, incluindo a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. Ao mesmo tempo, foi realizada uma avaliação das bactérias isoladas do ambiente da Unidade. Os microrganismos mais frequentemente recuperados das feridas dos pacientes foram: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis. A espécie P. pseudomallei foi a mais frequente nos espécimes ambientais. Em quase todos os espécimes de pacientes dos quais P. aeruginosa (16 pacientes) foi isolada, a taxa CFU/cm² de pele estava acima de 10². Em nove destes, alcançou 10(5), o que equivale a 10(7) CFU/g de tecido queimado.

Infecção hospitalar; Infecção de queimaduras

ARTICLES

Bacteriological evaluation of wounds in seriously burned hospitalized patients

Sueli de Lourdes Nogueira Vilela Silva; Oswaldo Gontijo Macedo; Carlos Américo Veiga Damasceno; Maria Auxiliadora Roque de Carvalho; Eduardo Osório Cisalpino

^{Adress to correspondence} Adress to correspondence: Dra. Maria Auxiliadora R. Carvalho Department of Microbiology ICB/UFMG Campus Pampulha 30161 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

ABSTRACT

During the period between May and December 1988, 21 patients were studied bacteriologically at Hospital João XXIII's burn's unit which belongs to "Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais" in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of aerobic and facultative bacteria from burn wounds was carried out by the standard filter paper disc technique, including antibiotic susceptibility. At the same time an evaluation of those bacteria isolated from the environmental unit was performed. The most common organisms recovered from wounds of patients were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. P. pseudomallei was the most frequent strain recovered from environmental specimens. In nearly all patients specimens (16 in total) from whom P. aeruginosa was isolated, the rate of CFU/cm² of skin was above 10². In nine of these, it reached 10⁵, wich is equivalent to 10⁷ CFU/g of burned tissue.

Keywords: Nosocomial infection. Burn wounds infection.

RESUMO

No período de maio a dezembro de 1988, foram avaliados bacteriologicamente 21 pacientes da Unidade de Queimados do Hospital João XXIII pertencente à Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. A avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de bactérias aeróbicas e facultativas de queimaduras foi realizada através da técnica do disco de papel de filtro padronizado, incluindo a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. Ao mesmo tempo, foi realizada uma avaliação das bactérias isoladas do ambiente da Unidade. Os microrganismos mais frequentemente recuperados das feridas dos pacientes foram: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis. A espécie P. pseudomallei foi a mais frequente nos espécimes ambientais. Em quase todos os espécimes de pacientes dos quais P. aeruginosa (16 pacientes) foi isolada, a taxa CFU/cm² de pele estava acima de 10². Em nove destes, alcançou 10⁵, o que equivale a 10⁷ CFU/g de tecido queimado.

Palavras-chave: Infecção hospitalar. Infecção de queimaduras.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Recebido para publicação em 20/03/91.

From the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Bélo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Financial Support of CAPES, CNPq, PRPq/UFMG, FINEP.

1. Achauer MB. Treating the burn wound. In: Management of the Burned Patients. Appleton & Lange. Norwalk p.93-107, 1987.
2. Ballows A, HauslerJrWJ. Diagnostic procedures for bacterial, mycotic and parasitic infections. American Pulic Healthy. Association Inc Washington, 1981.
3. Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disc method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 45: 493-496, 1966.
4. Brook I, Randolph JG. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora or burns in children. Journal of Trauma 21: 313-318, 1981.
5. Cowan ST, Steel's KJ. Manual for identification of medical Bacteria. 2nd edition, University Press, London, Cambridge, 1973.
6. Echinard CE. Immunit of the burned patient. Scandinavian Journal of Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery And Hand Surgery 21: 317-321, 1987.
7. Eickhoff T. Antibiotics and nosocomial infections. In: Bennett JV, Brachman PS(eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition, Little Brown, Boston p. 171- 192, 1986.
8. Gould IM. Control of antibiotic use in the United Kingdon. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 22: 395-397, 1988.
9. Hansbrough JF, Carroll WB, Zapata-Sirvent RL, Reller BR, Boswick JA. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolates from burned patients. Burns, Including Thermal Injury 11: 393-403, 1985.
10. HeggersJP, Robson MC. Infection control in burn patients. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 13: 39-47, 1986.
11. Kagan RJ, MatsudaT, Hanumadass M, Jonasson O. Serious wounds infections in burned patients. Surgery 98: 640-649, 1985.
12. LennetteEH, Balows A, HauslerJrWJ, Shadomy HJ. Manual of clinical microbiology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, 1985.
13. Luterman A, Dacso CC, Curreri PW. Infections in burn patirents. American Journal of Medicine 81 (Suppl 1A): 45-52, 1986.
14. MacMillan BG, Holder IA, Alexander JW. Infections of burn wounds. In: Bennett JV, Brachman PS (eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition, Little Brow and Company, Boston p.465-482, 1986.
15. McManus WF, Goodwin CW, Mason AD, Pruitt Jr BA. Bum wound infection. Journal of Trauma 21:753-756, 1981.
16. MuirllK, Barclay TL, Settle JAD. Local treatment of the burn wound. In: Burns and their treatment, 3rd edition Butterworths, Londonp.55-112,1987.
17. Murray PM, Finegold SM. Anaerobes in bum- wound infections. Reviews Infection Diseases 6 (suppl 1): S184-S186, 1984.
18. Pessoa GVA, Silva EAM. Meios de Rugai e Lisina-motilidade combinados em um só tubo para a identificação presuntiva de enterobactérias. Revista do Instituto Adolpho Lutz 32: 97-100, 1972.
19. Pruitt Jr BA. Infections caused by Pseudomonas species in patients with burns and in other surgical patients. The Journal Infections Diseases 130 (suppl): S8-S13, 1974.
20. Pruitt JR BA, McManus AT. Opportunistic infections in severely burned patients. The American Journal Medicine 76: 146-154, 1984.
21. Robertson KE, Cross PJ, Terry JC. The crucial first days. American Journal Nursery 85: 30-45, 1985.
22. Russo AC. Queimaduras "Acidentes de Trabalho " (subsídios à sua prevenção). Jornal Brasileiro de Medicina 44: 27-35, 1983.
23. Stanford W, Rappole BW, Fox CL. Clinical experience with silver sulfadiazine, a new topical agent for control of Pseudomonas infections in burns. Journal of Trauma 9: 377-388, 1969.
24. Sucena RC. Fisiopatologia e tratamento das queimaduras. Livraria Roca, São Paulo, 1982.
25. Weinstein RA. Multiply resistant strains: epidemiology and control. In: Bennett JV, Brachaman PS (eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition. Little Brown, Boston p. 151-169, 1986.
26. Williams HB, Breidenbach WC, Callaghan WB, Richards GK. Prentis JJ. Are burn wound biopsies obsolete? A comparative study of bacterial quantitation in burn patients using the absorvent disc and biopsy techniques. Annals of Plastic Surgery 13: 388-395, 1984.

Adress to correspondence:

Dra. Maria Auxiliadora

R. Carvalho

Department of Microbiology

ICB/UFMG

Campus Pampulha

30161

Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
23 Apr 2013
Date of issue
Sept 1991

History

Accepted
20 Mar 1991
Received
20 Mar 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Achauer MB. Treating the burn wound. In: Management of the Burned Patients. Appleton & Lange. Norwalk p.93-107, 1987.

[2] 2. Ballows A, HauslerJrWJ. Diagnostic procedures for bacterial, mycotic and parasitic infections. American Pulic Healthy. Association Inc Washington, 1981.

[3] 3. Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disc method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 45: 493-496, 1966.

[4] 4. Brook I, Randolph JG. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora or burns in children. Journal of Trauma 21: 313-318, 1981.

[5] 5. Cowan ST, Steel's KJ. Manual for identification of medical Bacteria. 2nd edition, University Press, London, Cambridge, 1973.

[6] 6. Echinard CE. Immunit of the burned patient. Scandinavian Journal of Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery And Hand Surgery 21: 317-321, 1987.

[7] 7. Eickhoff T. Antibiotics and nosocomial infections. In: Bennett JV, Brachman PS(eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition, Little Brown, Boston p. 171- 192, 1986.

[8] 8. Gould IM. Control of antibiotic use in the United Kingdon. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 22: 395-397, 1988.

[9] 9. Hansbrough JF, Carroll WB, Zapata-Sirvent RL, Reller BR, Boswick JA. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolates from burned patients. Burns, Including Thermal Injury 11: 393-403, 1985.

[10] 10. HeggersJP, Robson MC. Infection control in burn patients. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 13: 39-47, 1986.

[11] 11. Kagan RJ, MatsudaT, Hanumadass M, Jonasson O. Serious wounds infections in burned patients. Surgery 98: 640-649, 1985.

[12] 12. LennetteEH, Balows A, HauslerJrWJ, Shadomy HJ. Manual of clinical microbiology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, 1985.

[13] 13. Luterman A, Dacso CC, Curreri PW. Infections in burn patirents. American Journal of Medicine 81 (Suppl 1A): 45-52, 1986.

[14] 14. MacMillan BG, Holder IA, Alexander JW. Infections of burn wounds. In: Bennett JV, Brachman PS (eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition, Little Brow and Company, Boston p.465-482, 1986.

[15] 15. McManus WF, Goodwin CW, Mason AD, Pruitt Jr BA. Bum wound infection. Journal of Trauma 21:753-756, 1981.

[16] 16. MuirllK, Barclay TL, Settle JAD. Local treatment of the burn wound. In: Burns and their treatment, 3rd edition Butterworths, Londonp.55-112,1987.

[17] 17. Murray PM, Finegold SM. Anaerobes in bum- wound infections. Reviews Infection Diseases 6 (suppl 1): S184-S186, 1984.

[18] 18. Pessoa GVA, Silva EAM. Meios de Rugai e Lisina-motilidade combinados em um só tubo para a identificação presuntiva de enterobactérias. Revista do Instituto Adolpho Lutz 32: 97-100, 1972.

[19] 19. Pruitt Jr BA. Infections caused by Pseudomonas species in patients with burns and in other surgical patients. The Journal Infections Diseases 130 (suppl): S8-S13, 1974.

[20] 20. Pruitt JR BA, McManus AT. Opportunistic infections in severely burned patients. The American Journal Medicine 76: 146-154, 1984.

[21] 21. Robertson KE, Cross PJ, Terry JC. The crucial first days. American Journal Nursery 85: 30-45, 1985.

[22] 22. Russo AC. Queimaduras "Acidentes de Trabalho " (subsídios à sua prevenção). Jornal Brasileiro de Medicina 44: 27-35, 1983.

[23] 23. Stanford W, Rappole BW, Fox CL. Clinical experience with silver sulfadiazine, a new topical agent for control of Pseudomonas infections in burns. Journal of Trauma 9: 377-388, 1969.

[24] 24. Sucena RC. Fisiopatologia e tratamento das queimaduras. Livraria Roca, São Paulo, 1982.

[25] 25. Weinstein RA. Multiply resistant strains: epidemiology and control. In: Bennett JV, Brachaman PS (eds) Hospital Infections, 2nd edition. Little Brown, Boston p. 151-169, 1986.

[26] 26. Williams HB, Breidenbach WC, Callaghan WB, Richards GK. Prentis JJ. Are burn wound biopsies obsolete? A comparative study of bacterial quantitation in burn patients using the absorvent disc and biopsy techniques. Annals of Plastic Surgery 13: 388-395, 1984.