Envelhecimento das aguardentesResumo
1 - Colour, by itself, does not constitute a solid ground for judging of the age of a brandy because the more or less pronounced colour it acquires through aging can also be obtained by the addition of oack essence to newly distilled brandy. 2 - Urder the same conditions, colour intensity of a brandy wiU depend upon the nature of the wood and the condition of the storage. 3 - In accordance with the experimental results obtained by the present writers it rests no doubt that fermentation facility ferment resistence, produce and quality of the brendy all are factors depending upon the variety of the sugar cane. In addition, the authors presume that the variety of sugar cane has also influence upon the alteration of composition of the brandy submitted to aging. 4 - All aging phenomena of the brandy are accompanied by volume decreasing, what happens in a slow and continuous manner depending upon storage and environment conditions 5 - During brandy aging the alcoholic degree is greatly af- fected by evaporation, increasing or decreasing in accordance to the hygrometric state of the air and the teriperature in the place where the tuns are stored. 6 - The specific weight of the brandy is inversely proportio- nal to its alcoholic degree, but directly proportional to the extracts since the latter indicates the amount of dissolved residues. 7 - Brandy which shows high specific weight together with high alcoholic degree cannot be considered as aged. It may, however, be takens for brandy artificially coloved in order to conceal its actual age. 8 - The amount of extracts increases with aging, since it is the result of the solvent action of the brandy upon the soluble extractive substances of the wood. Notwithstanding that the extract, considered alone, has no value in determining the age of a brandy, since nothing easier is ohan to nake it change artificially. 9 -During aging the brandy get acidity in physiological as well as in physical way, but never by the action of microorganisms. 10 - The estturs produced during aging by the action of acids upon alcohols are the mean factors of the savour (bouquet) of a brandy and therefore every thing shall be done tor fhr estherification of a preserved brandy being not limited. 11 - Aeration increases esther formation, reduces the aging- time and turn better the taste qualities of the brandy. 12 - Due to the great proportion of high alcohols ordinarily found in the brandy, their analytical discrimination will be greatly important. 13 - The high alcohols are not responsable for the disastrous consequences of the alcoholism, but the high percentage of uthyl alcohol present in the brandy. 14 - The aldehydes appear always in high rate in the brazilian brandys in consequence of some intermediary products of the oxydation of the alcohols being left in the brandys during aging. 15 - The age has little or no influence on the quantity of phurphurol present in a brandy whose amount varies greatly the manner in which the wines to be distilled are treated. Wines centrifugalized or filtered before distillation always give rise to brandys poorer in phurphurol as compared with those distilled without these treatments. 16 - Though greatly variable, brandys of good qualities generally show a high residues coefficient, never under 200 mmg 17 - Lusson - Rocques oxydation coefficient cannot be indis- criminately applied to any brandy class, being, on the contrary, specifically destined to cognacs.
Envelhecimento das aguardentes
Jayme Rocha de AlmeidaI; Otávio ValsecchiII; Roberto Fleury NovaisII
IProfessor. Escola Superior de Agricultura " "Luiz de Queiroz" da Universidade de São Paulo
IIAssistentes. Escola Superior de Agricultura " "Luiz de Queiroz" da Universidade de São Paulo
SUMMARY
1 - Colour, by itself, does not constitute a solid ground for judging of the age of a brandy because the more or less pronounced colour it acquires through aging can also be obtained by the addition of oack essence to newly distilled brandy.
2 - Urder the same conditions, colour intensity of a brandy wiU depend upon the nature of the wood and the condition of the storage.
3 - In accordance with the experimental results obtained by the present writers it rests no doubt that fermentation facility ferment resistence, produce and quality of the brendy all are factors depending upon the variety of the sugar cane. In addition, the authors presume that the variety of sugar cane has also influence upon the alteration of composition of the brandy submitted to aging.
4 - All aging phenomena of the brandy are accompanied by volume decreasing, what happens in a slow and continuous manner depending upon storage and environment conditions
5 - During brandy aging the alcoholic degree is greatly af- fected by evaporation, increasing or decreasing in accordance to the hygrometric state of the air and the teriperature in the place where the tuns are stored.
6 - The specific weight of the brandy is inversely proportio- nal to its alcoholic degree, but directly proportional to the extracts since the latter indicates the amount of dissolved residues.
7 - Brandy which shows high specific weight together with high alcoholic degree cannot be considered as aged. It may, however, be takens for brandy artificially coloved in order to conceal its actual age.
8 - The amount of extracts increases with aging, since it is the result of the solvent action of the brandy upon the soluble extractive substances of the wood. Notwithstanding that the extract, considered alone, has no value in determining the age of a brandy, since nothing easier is ohan to nake it change artificially.
9 -During aging the brandy get acidity in physiological as well as in physical way, but never by the action of microorganisms.
10 - The estturs produced during aging by the action of acids upon alcohols are the mean factors of the savour (bouquet) of a brandy and therefore every thing shall be done tor fhr estherification of a preserved brandy being not limited.
11 - Aeration increases esther formation, reduces the aging- time and turn better the taste qualities of the brandy.
12 - Due to the great proportion of high alcohols ordinarily found in the brandy, their analytical discrimination will be greatly important.
13 - The high alcohols are not responsable for the disastrous consequences of the alcoholism, but the high percentage of uthyl alcohol present in the brandy.
14 - The aldehydes appear always in high rate in the brazilian brandys in consequence of some intermediary products of the oxydation of the alcohols being left in the brandys during aging.
15 - The age has little or no influence on the quantity of phurphurol present in a brandy whose amount varies greatly the manner in which the wines to be distilled are treated. Wines centrifugalized or filtered before distillation always give rise to brandys poorer in phurphurol as compared with those distilled without these treatments.
16 - Though greatly variable, brandys of good qualities generally show a high residues coefficient, never under 200 mmg
17 - Lusson - Rocques oxydation coefficient cannot be indis- criminately applied to any brandy class, being, on the contrary, specifically destined to cognacs.
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BIBLIOGRAFIA
Referências bibliográficas
- ALMEIDA, Jayme Rocha de - 1935 - Fabricação do álcool e da pinga de banana. Rev. de Agric., vol. 10, p, 125.
- ALMEIDA, Jayme Rocha de - 1940 - Álcool e distilaria.
- BAUDOIN, A - 1893 - Les eaux-de-vie,
- BOTELHO, Jaci - 1945 - Impurezas do álcool etílico, Bras. Açuc., ano XIII, n. 6, p. 99.
- BOULLANGER, Eugênio - 1929 - Destilaria agrícola e industrial
- CALVET, Louis M. - 1941 - Alcools.
- MARTINEZ, Julia Elena - 1941 - El cognac.
- PACOTTET. A. e GUITTONNEAU L. - 1922 - Aguardientes y vinagres
- TAVEIRA, Mario - 1937 - Sobre a regulamentação das bebidas fortemente alcoólicas, 3,° Congr. Sul Amer. de Química, vol. VI, 7.a Sec., p, 713.
- VILLAVECCHIA. Victor - 1919 - Tratado de Química analítica aplicada.
Datas de Publicação
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Publicação nesta coleção
06 Fev 2013 -
Data do Fascículo
1947
