First report of Paraganaspis egeria Díaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasiting horn fly, Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) in the Southeastern Brazil

Primeiro relato de Paraganaspis egeria Díaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasitando mosca-do-chifre, Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) no Sudeste do Brasil

Mosca-do-chifre; Hematobia irritans; Paraganaspis egeria; Cynipoidea; Brasil

Horn fly; Hematobia irritans; Paraganaspis egeria; Cynipoidea; Brazil

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[Comunicação]

First report of Paraganaspis egeria Díaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasiting horn fly, Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) in the Southeastern Brazil

[Primeiro relato de Paraganaspis egeria Díaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasitando mosca-do-chifre, Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) no Sudeste do Brasil]

C.H. Marchiori¹, J. Mendes², A.X. Linhares³

¹Instituto Luterano de Ensino Superior - ULBRA

Caixa Postal 23-T

75500-000 - Itumbiara, GO

2Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

3Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Recebido para publicação, após modificações, em 21 de setembro de 2000.

E-mail: [e-mail]

The Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera) are parasitoids of Muscomorpha’s imatures (Diptera) (Ronquist, 1994). The Eucoilidae are the most common Cynipoidea in the Neotropical region (Nordlander, 1982). It is supposed that the genera Paraganaspis is extensively distributed in the Neotropical region. Paraganaspis egeria Díaz & Gallardo parasiting Sarcophagula occidua Fabricius (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), has been recorded in many localities in Argentina and in the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul (Díaz & Gallardo, 1996).

The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) was first found in Northern Brazil in the early 1980’s (Valério & Guimarães, 1983) and now infests cattle throughout South America. It is an important bovine pest in many countries (Harris & Blume, 1986), including Brazil.

Horn fly pupae were obtained from cattle dung pads of approximately one-week, and from the soil immediately beneath them. They were collected weekly from April 1993 to April 1994 at pastures in São Carlos (47º30’W and 21º30’S), State of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. The collected dung pads and the soil were taken to the laboratory of Department of Parasitology of the State University of Campinas, 150km from São Carlos and diluted in water to obtain the pupae by floatation. After removal the pupae from the water, they were kept on filter paper by one hour, to remove the water excess. Thereafter, they were placed individually in 600mg transparent gelatin capsules and kept at laboratory temperature (25± 1° C during the summer and 20± 1° C during the winter) for at least 30 days to allow the emergence of the adult flies or their parasites. The pupae still intact 110 days were dissected to verify their viability or the presence of eventual parasites (Mendes & Linhares, 1999).

During the study period, 8.3% of parasitism in the horn fly was caused by Spalangia spp. (Pteromalidae), Diapriidae and Eucoilidae (Mendes & Linhares, 1999). Two from 718 (0.26%) horn fly pupae collected at middle of April 1994, at the beginning of cold and dry season (19.8^oC and rainfall of 62.5mm³) were parasited by an Eucoilidae, now confirmed as belonging to the specie P. egeria. This is the first record of P. egeria parasiting the horn fly in the Neotropical region. Despite the low parasitism verified by P. egeria in the horn fly, this relationship merits better investigated.

Keywords: Horn fly, Hematobia irritans, Paraganaspis egeria, Cynipoidea, Brazil

RESUMO

Este trabalho relata a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Paraganapis egeria Diaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasitando pupas de Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) na região Neotropical. As fezes bovinas foram coletadas nas pastagens da Fazenda Canchim da Embrapa de São Carlos-SP, de abril de 1993 a abril de 1994. As pupas foram separadas das fezes bovinas por flutuação em baldes com água. As recolhidas foram acondicionadas individualmente em cápsulas de gelatina até a emergência dos dípteros ou dos seus parasitóides. Foram obtidas 718 pupas de H. irritans, das quais duas emergiram parasitóides. Constatou-se parasitismo de 0,26%.

Palavras-chave: Mosca-do-chifre, Hematobia irritans, Paraganaspis egeria,Cynipoidea, Brasil

REFERENCES

• DIAZ N., GALLARDO, F. Sobre cinipoideos del Brasil, parasitoides de dipteros estercoleros (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent., v.5, p.27-129, 1996.
• HARRIS, R.L., BLUME, R.R. Beneficial arthropods inhabiting bovine dropping in United States. In: PATTERSON, R.S., RUTZ, D.A. (ed). Biological control of muscoid flies Miscellaneus Publications of the Ent Soc Am 62, Hyattsville, MD. 1986. p.10-15.
• MENDES, J., LINHARES, A.X. Diapause pupation sites and parasitism of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans, in South-eastern Brazil. Med. Vet. Entomol., v.13, p.185-190, 1999.
• NORDELANDER, G. Systematics and phylogeny of an interrelated group of genera within the family Eucoilidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) Stockholm: Stockholm Univ., Zoology Dept., 1982. 34p. (PhD, Thesis)
• RONQUIST, F. Morphology, Phylogeny and Evolution of Cynipoid wasps. Uppsala: Uppsala Univ., Zoology Dept., 1994. 29p. (Ph.D., Thesis)
• VALÉRIO, J.R, GUIMARÃES, J.H. Sobre a ocorrência de uma nova praga Haematobia irritans (L) (Diptera: Muscidae) no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Zool., v.1, p.417-418, 1983.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  05 June 2002
• Date of issue
  Apr 2001

History

• Received
  21 Sept 2000