Mapping of proximal enamel thickness in permanent teeth

Vellini-Ferreira, Flávio; Cotrim-Ferreira, Flávio Augusto; Ribeiro, José Alaor; Ferreira-Santos, Rívea Inês

Abstract

AIM: Knowledge of enamel thickness is relevant to perform stripping during orthodontic treatment. Thus, proximal enamel measurements of human permanent teeth were compared in this study. METHODS: The measurements were previously obtained on cut sections of mandibular central (n = 30) and lateral (n = 30) incisors, canines (n = 20), first (n = 40) and second (n = 40) premolars; maxillary central (n = 20) and lateral (n = 20) incisors, canines (n = 20), first (n = 40) and second (n = 42) premolars. Comparisons between thicknesses by arch side and proximal surface were carried out using Student's t-tests (α = 0.05). Teeth were compared according to the mesial and distal thicknesses by ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between right and left teeth. For the mesial surface, the mandibular second premolar presented the highest mean value (1.376 mm ± 0.198; p<0.001). The mandibular central incisor had the smallest thickness in relation to the other teeth (0.675 mm ± 0.144), although not significant compared with the mandibular lateral incisor and canine (0.734-0.781 mm). The mandibular second premolar also presented the higher distal thickness in relation to the others (1.450 mm ± 0.172), although not significant compared with the maxillary first premolar (1.322 mm ± 0.195). Mandibular incisors had the lowest means for distal thickness (0.872-0.879 mm), although not statistically different compared with maxillary incisors and mandibular canine (1.002-1.015 mm). Distal thickness was greater than mesial (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Interproximal stripping should be less marked in incisors and mesial surfaces.

dental enamel; dentition; permanent; orthodontics; corrective

References

¹ Stroud JL, English J, Buschang PH. Enamel thickness of the posterior dentition: its implications for nonextraction treatment. Angle Orthod. 1998; 68: 141-6.
² Zachrisson BU, Nyoygaard L, Mobarak K. Dental health assessed more than 10 years after interproximal enamel reduction of mandibular anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 131: 162-9.
³ Hall NE, Lindauer SJ, Tüfekçi E, Shroff B. Predictors of variation in mandibular incisor enamel thickness. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007; 138: 809-15.
⁴ Germeç D, Taner TU. Effects of extraction and nonextraction therapy with air-rotor stripping on facial esthetics in postadolescent borderline patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008; 133: 539-49.
⁵ Macha AC, Vellini-Ferreira F, Scavone-Junior H, Ferreira RI. Mesiodistal width and proximal enamel thickness of maxillary first bicuspids. Braz Oral Res. 2010; 24: 58-63.
⁶ Germec-Cakan D, Taner TU, Akan S. Arch-width and perimeter changes in patients with borderline Class I malocclusion treated with extractions or without extractions with air-rotor stripping. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010; 137: 734.e1-7.
⁷ Zachrisson BU, Minster L, Ogaard B, Birkhed D. Dental health assessed after interproximal enamel reduction: caries risk in posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011; 139: 90-8.
⁸ Fernandes SA, Vellini-Ferreira F, Scavone-Junior H, Ferreira RI. Crown dimensions and proximal enamel thickness of mandibular second bicuspids. Braz Oral Res. 2011; 25: 324-30.
⁹ Munhoz LO, Vellini-Ferreira F, Cotrim-Ferreira FA, Ferreira RI. Evaluation of proximal enamel thickness and crown measurements in maxillary first premolars. Braz J Oral Sci. 2012; 11: 30-5.
¹⁰ Peck H, Peck S. An index for assessing tooth shape deviations as applied to the mandibular incisors. Am J Orthod. 1972; 61: 384-401.
¹¹ Tuverson DL. Anterior interocclusal relations. Parts I and II. Am J Orthod. 1980; 78: 361-93.
¹² Demange C, François B. Measuring and charting interproximal enamel removal. J Clin Orthod. 1990; 24: 408-12.
¹³ Jarjoura K, Gagnon G, Nieberg L. Caries risk after interproximal enamel reduction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006; 130: 26-30.
¹⁴ Sheridan JJ. Air rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 1985; 19: 43-59.
¹⁵ Crain G, Sheridan JJ. Susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease after posterior air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 1990; 24: 84-5.
¹⁶ Rossouw PE, Tortorella A. Enamel reduction procedures in orthodontic treatment. J Can Dent Assoc. 2003; 69: 378-83.
¹⁷ Chudasama D, Sheridan JJ. Guidelines for contemporary air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 2007; 41: 315-20.
¹⁸ Grippaudo C, Cancellieri D, Grecolini ME, Deli R. Comparison between different interdental stripping methods and evaluation of abrasive strips: SEM analysis. Prog Orthod. 2010; 11: 127-37.
¹⁹ Shillingburg HT Jr, Grace CS. Thickness of enamel and dentin. J South Calif Dent Assoc. 1973; 41: 33-52.
²⁰ Spoor CF, Zonneveld FW, Macho GA. Linear measurements of cortical bone and dental enamel by computed tomography: applications and problems. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1993; 91: 469-84.
²¹ Harris AF, Hicks JD. A radiographic assessment of enamel thickness in human maxillary incisors. Arch Oral Biol. 1998; 43: 825-31.
²² Alvesalo L, Tammisalo E, Townsend G. Upper central incisor and canine tooth crown size in 47,XXY males. J Dent Res. 1991; 70: 1057-60.
²³ Stroud JL, Buschang PH, Goaz PW. Sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal dentin and enamel thickness. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1994; 23: 169-71.
²⁴ Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR, Abdallah EM, Fernandez Garcia A. Comparisons of mesiodistal and buccolingual crown dimensions of the permanent teeth in three populations from Egypt, Mexico, and the United States. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989; 96: 416-22.
²⁵ Merz ML, Isaacson RJ, Germane N, Rubenstein LK. Tooth diameters and arch perimeters in a black and a white population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991; 100: 53-8.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
04 June 2013
Date of issue
Dec 2012

History

Received
11 Oct 2012
Accepted
11 Dec 2012

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ¹ Stroud JL, English J, Buschang PH. Enamel thickness of the posterior dentition: its implications for nonextraction treatment. Angle Orthod. 1998; 68: 141-6.

[2] ² Zachrisson BU, Nyoygaard L, Mobarak K. Dental health assessed more than 10 years after interproximal enamel reduction of mandibular anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 131: 162-9.

[3] ³ Hall NE, Lindauer SJ, Tüfekçi E, Shroff B. Predictors of variation in mandibular incisor enamel thickness. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007; 138: 809-15.

[4] ⁴ Germeç D, Taner TU. Effects of extraction and nonextraction therapy with air-rotor stripping on facial esthetics in postadolescent borderline patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008; 133: 539-49.

[5] ⁵ Macha AC, Vellini-Ferreira F, Scavone-Junior H, Ferreira RI. Mesiodistal width and proximal enamel thickness of maxillary first bicuspids. Braz Oral Res. 2010; 24: 58-63.

[6] ⁶ Germec-Cakan D, Taner TU, Akan S. Arch-width and perimeter changes in patients with borderline Class I malocclusion treated with extractions or without extractions with air-rotor stripping. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010; 137: 734.e1-7.

[7] ⁷ Zachrisson BU, Minster L, Ogaard B, Birkhed D. Dental health assessed after interproximal enamel reduction: caries risk in posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011; 139: 90-8.

[8] ⁸ Fernandes SA, Vellini-Ferreira F, Scavone-Junior H, Ferreira RI. Crown dimensions and proximal enamel thickness of mandibular second bicuspids. Braz Oral Res. 2011; 25: 324-30.

[9] ⁹ Munhoz LO, Vellini-Ferreira F, Cotrim-Ferreira FA, Ferreira RI. Evaluation of proximal enamel thickness and crown measurements in maxillary first premolars. Braz J Oral Sci. 2012; 11: 30-5.

[10] ¹⁰ Peck H, Peck S. An index for assessing tooth shape deviations as applied to the mandibular incisors. Am J Orthod. 1972; 61: 384-401.

[11] ¹¹ Tuverson DL. Anterior interocclusal relations. Parts I and II. Am J Orthod. 1980; 78: 361-93.

[12] ¹² Demange C, François B. Measuring and charting interproximal enamel removal. J Clin Orthod. 1990; 24: 408-12.

[13] ¹³ Jarjoura K, Gagnon G, Nieberg L. Caries risk after interproximal enamel reduction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006; 130: 26-30.

[14] ¹⁴ Sheridan JJ. Air rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 1985; 19: 43-59.

[15] ¹⁵ Crain G, Sheridan JJ. Susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease after posterior air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 1990; 24: 84-5.

[16] ¹⁶ Rossouw PE, Tortorella A. Enamel reduction procedures in orthodontic treatment. J Can Dent Assoc. 2003; 69: 378-83.

[17] ¹⁷ Chudasama D, Sheridan JJ. Guidelines for contemporary air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod. 2007; 41: 315-20.

[18] ¹⁸ Grippaudo C, Cancellieri D, Grecolini ME, Deli R. Comparison between different interdental stripping methods and evaluation of abrasive strips: SEM analysis. Prog Orthod. 2010; 11: 127-37.

[19] ¹⁹ Shillingburg HT Jr, Grace CS. Thickness of enamel and dentin. J South Calif Dent Assoc. 1973; 41: 33-52.

[20] ²⁰ Spoor CF, Zonneveld FW, Macho GA. Linear measurements of cortical bone and dental enamel by computed tomography: applications and problems. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1993; 91: 469-84.

[21] ²¹ Harris AF, Hicks JD. A radiographic assessment of enamel thickness in human maxillary incisors. Arch Oral Biol. 1998; 43: 825-31.

[22] ²² Alvesalo L, Tammisalo E, Townsend G. Upper central incisor and canine tooth crown size in 47,XXY males. J Dent Res. 1991; 70: 1057-60.

[23] ²³ Stroud JL, Buschang PH, Goaz PW. Sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal dentin and enamel thickness. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1994; 23: 169-71.

[24] ²⁴ Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR, Abdallah EM, Fernandez Garcia A. Comparisons of mesiodistal and buccolingual crown dimensions of the permanent teeth in three populations from Egypt, Mexico, and the United States. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989; 96: 416-22.

[25] ²⁵ Merz ML, Isaacson RJ, Germane N, Rubenstein LK. Tooth diameters and arch perimeters in a black and a white population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991; 100: 53-8.