Effect of implant design and bone density in primary stability

Oliscovicz, Nathalia Ferraz; Shimano, Antônio Carlos; Marcantonio Junior, Elcio; Lepri, César Penazzo; Reis, Andréa Cândido dos

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the influence of the format and surface treatment of implants, as well as the substrate used in primary stability. METHODS: Thirty-two Conexão® implants were used: 8 conical (CC) (11.5 x 3.5 mm) and 24 cylindrical (11.5 x 3.75 mm) - 8 external hexagon implants without surface treatment (MS), 8 external hexagon implants with double Porous treatment (MP), 8 internal hexagon implants with Porous treatment (CA). They were inserted in Nacional® polyurethane in three densities (15, 20 and 40 PCF). The insertion torque (IT) (N.cm) was quantified using the digital Mackena® torque meter, and the pullout force (PF) (N) by means of axial traction force with a 200 kg load cell, performed in a Universal Test Machine (Emic® DL10000) and the Tesc 3.13 software. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Difference was observed between groups (p<0.05). Regarding the IT, MP and MS inserted to the substrate 40PCF showed higher values with statistically significant difference with all interactions implants x substrate; the 15 and 20PCF densities was not significant in all groups of implants. MP, MS, CC and CA did not differ significantly, even inserted in a lower density, where CC showed better IT compared with other densities. For PF, the best performance was the interaction implant CA x 40PCF substrate, showing a difference from the other implants inserted in all substrates. CONCLUSIONS: The higher bone density and cylindrical implants with surface treatment provides greater IT and PF.

dental implants; biomechanics; bone substitutes; polyurethanes

¹
Brouwers JEIG, Lobbezoo F, Visscher CM, Wismeijer D, Naeije M. Reliability and validity of the instrumental assessment of implant stability in dry human mandibles. J Oral Rehabil. 2009; 36: 279-83.
²
Çehreli MC, Kökat AM, Comert A, Akkocaoðlu M, Tekdemir I, Akça K. Implant stability and bone density: assessment of correlation in fresh cadavers using conventional and osteotome implant sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009; 20: 1163-9.
³
Chong L, Khocht A, Suzuki JB, Gaughan J. Effect of Implant Design on Initial Stability of Tapered Implants. J Oral Implantol. 2009; 35: 130-5.
⁴
Kahraman S, Bal BT, Asar NV, Turkyilmaz I, Tözüm TF. Clinical study on the insertion torque and wireless resonance frequency analysis in the assessment of torque capacity and stability of self-tapping dental implants. J Oral Rehabil. 2009; 36: 755-61.
⁵
Turkyilmaz I & Mcglumphy EA. Influence of bone density on implant stability parameters and implant success: a retrospective clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2008; 8: 1-8.
⁶
Tabassum A, Meijer GJ, Wolke JGC, Jansen JA. Influence of surgical technique and surface roughness on the primary stability of an implant in artificial bone with different cortical thickness: a laboratory study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010; 21: 213-20.
⁷
Cristofolini L, Viceconti M. Mechanical validation of whole composite tibia models. J Biomech. 2000; 33: 279-88.
⁸
Martínez-González JM, García-Sabán F, Ferrándiz-Bernal J, Gonzalo-Lafuente JC, Cano-Sánchez J, Barona-Dorado C. Removal torque and physico-chemical characteristics of dental implants etched with hydrofluoric and nitric acid. An experimental study in Beagle dogs. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006; 11: E281-5.
⁹
O'Sullivan D, Sennerby L, Meredith N. Measurements comparing the initial stability of five designs of dental implants: a human cadaver study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2000; 2: 85-92.
¹⁰
Carvalho BM, Pellizzer EP, Moraes SLD, Falcón-Antenuccil RM, Júnior JSF Surface treatments in dental implants. Rev Cir Traumatol Bucomaxilofac. 2009; 9: 123–30.
¹¹
Morton D, Jaffin R, Weber H-P. Immediate restoration and loading of dental implants: Clinical considerations and protocols. In: Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004; 19: 103-8.
¹²
Inceoglu S, Ferrara L, McLain RF. Pedicle screw fixation strength: pullout versus insertional torque. Spine J. 2004; 4: 513-8.
¹³
Astrand P, Engquist B, Dahlgren S, Engquist E, Feldmann H, Gröndahl K. Astra Tech and Branemark system implants: a prospective 5-year comparative study- results after one year. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 1999; 1: 17-26.
¹⁴
American Society for Testing Materials. [cited 2011 Jan] Available from: http://www.astm.org
¹⁵
Turkyilmaz I, Mcglumphy EA. Influence of bone density on implant stability parameters and implant success: a retrospective clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2008; 8: 1-8.
¹⁶
Daftari TK, Horton WC, Hutton WC. Correlations between screw hole preparation, torque of insertion, and pullout strength for spinal screws. J Spinal Disord. 1994; 7:139-45.
¹⁷
Ottoni JMP, Oliveira ZFL, Mansini R, Cabral AM. Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005; 20: 769-76
¹⁸
Barros RRM, Novaes Jr. AB, Papalexiou V, Souza VLS, Taba Jr. M, Palioto DB et al. Effect of biofunctionalized implant surface on osseointegration -a histomorphometric study in dogs. Braz Dent J. 2009; 20: 91-8.
¹⁹
Klokkevold PR, Nishimura RD, Adachi MA, Caputo A. Osseointegration enhanced by chemical etching of the titanium surface. A torque removal study in the rabbit. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997; 8: 442-7
²⁰
Sakoh J, Wahlmann U, Stender E, Al-Nawas B, Wagner W. Primary Stability of a Conical Implant and a Hybrid,Cylindric Screw-Type Implant In Vitro. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006; 21: 560-6.
²¹
Cunha HA, Francischone CE, Nary Filho H, Oliveira RCG. A comparisson between cutting torque and resonance frequency in the assessmen of primary stability and final torque capacity of standard TiUnite single-tooth implants under immediate loading. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004; 19: 578-85.
²²
Zamarioli A, Simões PA, Shimano AC, Defino HLA. Insertion torque and pullout strength of vertebral screws with cylindrical and conic core. Rev Bras Ortop. 2008; 43: 452-9.
²³
Ban S, Maruno S, Arimoto N, Harada A, Hasegawa J. Effect of electrochemically deposited apatite coating on bonding of bone to the HA-G-Ti composite and titanium. J Biomed Mater Res. 1997; 36: 9-15.
²⁴
Lill CA, Schlegel U, Wahl D, Schneider E. Comparison of the in vitro holding strengths of conical and cylindrical pedicle screws in a fully inserted setting and backed out 180 degrees. J Spinal Disord. 2000; 13: 259-66.
²⁵
Rozé J, Babu S, Saffarzadeh A, Gayet-Delacroix M, Hoornaert A, Layrolle P.Correlating implant stability to bone structure.Clin Oral Impl Res. 2009; 20: 1140-5.
²⁶
Kim JW, Baek SH, Kim TW, Chang YI. Comparison of stability between cylindrical and conical type mini-implants. Angle Orthod. 2008; 78: 692-8.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
28 Oct 2013
Date of issue
Sept 2013

History

Received
23 Mar 2013
Accepted
25 June 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ¹
Brouwers JEIG, Lobbezoo F, Visscher CM, Wismeijer D, Naeije M. Reliability and validity of the instrumental assessment of implant stability in dry human mandibles. J Oral Rehabil. 2009; 36: 279-83.

[2] ²
Çehreli MC, Kökat AM, Comert A, Akkocaoðlu M, Tekdemir I, Akça K. Implant stability and bone density: assessment of correlation in fresh cadavers using conventional and osteotome implant sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009; 20: 1163-9.

[3] ³
Chong L, Khocht A, Suzuki JB, Gaughan J. Effect of Implant Design on Initial Stability of Tapered Implants. J Oral Implantol. 2009; 35: 130-5.

[4] ⁴
Kahraman S, Bal BT, Asar NV, Turkyilmaz I, Tözüm TF. Clinical study on the insertion torque and wireless resonance frequency analysis in the assessment of torque capacity and stability of self-tapping dental implants. J Oral Rehabil. 2009; 36: 755-61.

[5] ⁵
Turkyilmaz I & Mcglumphy EA. Influence of bone density on implant stability parameters and implant success: a retrospective clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2008; 8: 1-8.

[6] ⁶
Tabassum A, Meijer GJ, Wolke JGC, Jansen JA. Influence of surgical technique and surface roughness on the primary stability of an implant in artificial bone with different cortical thickness: a laboratory study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010; 21: 213-20.

[7] ⁷
Cristofolini L, Viceconti M. Mechanical validation of whole composite tibia models. J Biomech. 2000; 33: 279-88.

[8] ⁸
Martínez-González JM, García-Sabán F, Ferrándiz-Bernal J, Gonzalo-Lafuente JC, Cano-Sánchez J, Barona-Dorado C. Removal torque and physico-chemical characteristics of dental implants etched with hydrofluoric and nitric acid. An experimental study in Beagle dogs. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006; 11: E281-5.

[9] ⁹
O'Sullivan D, Sennerby L, Meredith N. Measurements comparing the initial stability of five designs of dental implants: a human cadaver study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2000; 2: 85-92.

[10] ¹⁰
Carvalho BM, Pellizzer EP, Moraes SLD, Falcón-Antenuccil RM, Júnior JSF Surface treatments in dental implants. Rev Cir Traumatol Bucomaxilofac. 2009; 9: 123–30.

[11] ¹¹
Morton D, Jaffin R, Weber H-P. Immediate restoration and loading of dental implants: Clinical considerations and protocols. In: Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004; 19: 103-8.

[12] ¹²
Inceoglu S, Ferrara L, McLain RF. Pedicle screw fixation strength: pullout versus insertional torque. Spine J. 2004; 4: 513-8.

[13] ¹³
Astrand P, Engquist B, Dahlgren S, Engquist E, Feldmann H, Gröndahl K. Astra Tech and Branemark system implants: a prospective 5-year comparative study- results after one year. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 1999; 1: 17-26.

[14] ¹⁴
American Society for Testing Materials. [cited 2011 Jan] Available from: http://www.astm.org

[15] ¹⁵
Turkyilmaz I, Mcglumphy EA. Influence of bone density on implant stability parameters and implant success: a retrospective clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2008; 8: 1-8.

[16] ¹⁶
Daftari TK, Horton WC, Hutton WC. Correlations between screw hole preparation, torque of insertion, and pullout strength for spinal screws. J Spinal Disord. 1994; 7:139-45.

[17] ¹⁷
Ottoni JMP, Oliveira ZFL, Mansini R, Cabral AM. Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005; 20: 769-76

[18] ¹⁸
Barros RRM, Novaes Jr. AB, Papalexiou V, Souza VLS, Taba Jr. M, Palioto DB et al. Effect of biofunctionalized implant surface on osseointegration -a histomorphometric study in dogs. Braz Dent J. 2009; 20: 91-8.

[19] ¹⁹
Klokkevold PR, Nishimura RD, Adachi MA, Caputo A. Osseointegration enhanced by chemical etching of the titanium surface. A torque removal study in the rabbit. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997; 8: 442-7

[20] ²⁰
Sakoh J, Wahlmann U, Stender E, Al-Nawas B, Wagner W. Primary Stability of a Conical Implant and a Hybrid,Cylindric Screw-Type Implant In Vitro. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006; 21: 560-6.

[21] ²¹
Cunha HA, Francischone CE, Nary Filho H, Oliveira RCG. A comparisson between cutting torque and resonance frequency in the assessmen of primary stability and final torque capacity of standard TiUnite single-tooth implants under immediate loading. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004; 19: 578-85.

[22] ²²
Zamarioli A, Simões PA, Shimano AC, Defino HLA. Insertion torque and pullout strength of vertebral screws with cylindrical and conic core. Rev Bras Ortop. 2008; 43: 452-9.

[23] ²³
Ban S, Maruno S, Arimoto N, Harada A, Hasegawa J. Effect of electrochemically deposited apatite coating on bonding of bone to the HA-G-Ti composite and titanium. J Biomed Mater Res. 1997; 36: 9-15.

[24] ²⁴
Lill CA, Schlegel U, Wahl D, Schneider E. Comparison of the in vitro holding strengths of conical and cylindrical pedicle screws in a fully inserted setting and backed out 180 degrees. J Spinal Disord. 2000; 13: 259-66.

[25] ²⁵
Rozé J, Babu S, Saffarzadeh A, Gayet-Delacroix M, Hoornaert A, Layrolle P.Correlating implant stability to bone structure.Clin Oral Impl Res. 2009; 20: 1140-5.

[26] ²⁶
Kim JW, Baek SH, Kim TW, Chang YI. Comparison of stability between cylindrical and conical type mini-implants. Angle Orthod. 2008; 78: 692-8.

Brasil

Brasil

Effect of implant design and bone density in primary stability

Abstract

Publication Dates

History