Preliminary results on the composition of the seeds and oils from five Amazonian species, Couroupita guianensis, Pachira aquatica, Eglerodendron pariri, Parkia gigantocarpa and Parkia opositifolia are presented in an attempt to identify new potential oil sources of the region. The first two species yielded, respectively, 29.4 and 44.1% of oil and the two Parkia samples exhibited high triptophan content in its protein. The E. pariri sample did not show any, quantitative or qualitative, potentiality either as oil or protein source. Linoleic acid was the major component of the oil of C. guianensis (80%) whereas palmitic acid occurred as the main constituent in the oils of P. aquática and E. pariri. High molecular weight fatty acids (C20:0 and C22:0) were present (12-15%) in the oil of the two Parkia species. The separation and identificatior of the acids responsible hor the positive Halphen test oh the P. aquatica oil was not achieved complety. β-sitosterol was, in the five oils examined, the main constituent of the sterolic fraction.