Petrologic and geochronological constraints on the polymetamorphic evolution of the collisional granites, Araçuaí Orogen (SE Brazil)

Abstract

Collisional granites of the Araçuaí Orogen, southeastern Brazil, record petrological and geochronological evidence for multiple crustal melting during the orogeny evolution. U-Pb zircon data indicate that these granites crystallized at 586 ± 2 M.y. High-grade metamorphism (M₁) involved partial melting by fluid-absent reactions that produced the first generation of garnet in temperatures of approx. 750°C. Preservation of the mineral assemblage A₁ (garnet-biotite-plagioclase-K-feldspar-quartz-ilmenite-melt) indicates that most of the generated melt was lost from these rocks at or near peak metamorphic conditions. A second metamorphic event (M₂) is characterized by growth of a second generation of garnet in preserved A₂ assemblage (garnet-sillimanite-biotite-plagioclase-K-feldspar-quartz-ilmenite-melt). Mineral equilibria modeling constrains conditions of M₂ metamorphism to 713-729 °C and 6.2-7.3 kbar. Retrograde assemblage (A₃) records equilibrium conditions at 610-660 °C. The Hf isotope composition indicates significant crustal contribution to the genesis of the collisional granites. The elevated geotherms in thickened crust provide enough heat for the M₁ event at 562 ± 2 M.y. Subsequent heating probably associated to the transfer of mantle heat to the crust during the extensional thinning and gravitational collapse of the orogen lead to the M₂ event at 526 ± 4 M.y. This event is concomitant to the emplacement of the post-collisional magmas in the orogen.

Key words
Araçuaí Orogen; partial melting; pseudosection; U-Pb zircon; collisional granite; recycling