Unusual plant-extract based media for the differentiation between species in the Candida albicans complex: A comparative study

Abstract

Candida albicans is the most common agent in human fungal infections; nevertheless, in the last decades, the closely related yeasts Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana have emerged as pathogens. The purpose of this study was to compare tobacco agar with another five agars prepared from plant extracts (Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, Solanum rudepannum, Solanum oblongifolium and Brugmansia arborea) on the differentiation of C. albicans complex. The hyphae and chlamyconidia formation and the color and margin of the colonies of 200 clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. africana were evaluated. After seven days of incubation at 28 °C, Tobacco agar, S. rudepannum and B. arborea agars allowed the differentiation of 100 % C. dubliniensis. Additionally, 24% of C. africana isolates produced brownish colonies in the medium prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract. These results indicate that S. rudepannun, B. arborea and rosemary agar could be used as screening for the phenotypic differentiation between the species of C. albicans complex. Rosemary agar could be used to aid in the differentiation of C. albicans from C. africana. These culture media based on plants, could be used as simple and inexpensive screening methods in the phenotypic differentiation of C. dubliniensis and C. africana.

Key words
Brugmansia arborea; Candida africana; Candida albicans; Candida dubliniensis; Solanum oblongifolium; Solanum rudepannum