Morphometric Characterization of <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp. and blood parameters in <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> (Pisces: Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

SOUSA, LUCICLARA F. DE; SOUZA, DARLISON C. DE; COÊLHO, TÁSSIO A.; TAVARES-DIAS, MARCOS; CORRÊA, LINCOLN L.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020190577

LUCICLARA F. DE SOUSA

Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará/UFOPA, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas/ICTA, Av. Mendonça Furtado, 2946, Fátima, 68040-470 Santarém, PA, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-3307

DARLISON C. DE SOUZA

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade(PPGBEES), Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas/ICTA, Av. Mendonça Furtado, 2946, Fátima, 68040-470 Santarém, PA, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7610-9665

TÁSSIO A. COÊLHO

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade(PPGBEES), Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas/ICTA, Av. Mendonça Furtado, 2946, Fátima, 68040-470 Santarém, PA, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0264-4526

MARCOS TAVARES-DIAS

Embrapa Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 5, No 2600, Universidade, 68903-419 Macapá, AP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-1846

LINCOLN L. CORRÊA

Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará/UFOPA, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas/ICTA, Av. Mendonça Furtado, 2946, Fátima, 68040-470 Santarém, PA, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-4824

Correspondence to: Lincoln Lima Corrêa E-mail: lincorre@gmail.com

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Each author made a relevant contribution to the preparation of this manuscript as follows:Luciclara F. de Sousa: collaboration in data sampling, methodology and discussion of results.MSc. Darlison C. de Souza sampling, analysis and interpretation of data. MSc. Tássio A. Coêlho statistical analysis and its interpretation. Dr. Marcos Tavares-Dias: Collaboration and review of related procedures. Dr. Lincoln L. Corrêa: Main responsible for the final text and collaboration and review of related procedures.

Parameters	Mean ± Deviation	Minimum/Maximum
Total body length with flagellum	47.1 ± 8.9	32.3-73.7
Body length along the midline	39.6 ± 5.9	32.3-53.2
Distance from the center of the nucleus to the posterior extremity	21.4 ± 3.0	18.4-27.1
Distance from the center of the nucleus to the anterior extremity	19.6 ± 3.9	12.8-26.1
Length of the free flagellum	9.6 ± 7.2	0-28.7
Nucleus Length	3.0 ± 0.9	1.5-5.6
Nucleus width in center portion	1.6 ± 0.6	1.5-3.9
Body width in the center of the nucleus	2.4 ± 0.7	1.5-3.9
Distance from the center of the kinetoplast to the center of the nucleus	21.2 ± 3.0	14.7-26.8
Distance from the center of the kinetoplast to the posterior extremity	0.2 ± 0.1	0-0.4
Kinetoplast length	1.0 ± 0.2	0.7-1.4
Kinetoplast Width	0.7 ± 0.1	0.5-1.2

	Borges et al. (2016)BORGES AR, LEMOS M, MORAIS DH, SOUTO-PEDRÓN T & D’AGOSTO A. 2016. In vitro culture and morphology of fish Trypanosomes from South American wetland areas. SOJ Microbiol Infect Dis 4(2): 1-5.	Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype I	Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype II	Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype III	Fujimoto et al. (2013)FUJIMOTO RY, NEVES MS, SANTOS RFB, SOUZA NS, COUTO MVS, LOPES JNS, DINIZ DG & EIRAS JC. 2013. Morphological and hematological studies of Trypanosoma spp. infecting ornamental armored catfish from Guamá River-PA, Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc 85: 1149-1156.	Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype I	Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype II	Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype III	Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype IV	Present study
Borges et al. (2016)BORGES AR, LEMOS M, MORAIS DH, SOUTO-PEDRÓN T & D’AGOSTO A. 2016. In vitro culture and morphology of fish Trypanosomes from South American wetland areas. SOJ Microbiol Infect Dis 4(2): 1-5.	1	94.00	76.00	90.82	96.68	84.72	86.98	95.58	99.10	95.60
Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype I	95.60	1	78.17	84.84	93.23	83.83	90.72	89.67	96.14	95.99
Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype II	95.99	99.10	1	87.09	81.73	82.25	93.99	89.13	89.08	95.52
Corrêa et al. (2016)CORRÊA LL, OLIVEIRA SBO, TAVARES-DIAS M & CECCARELLI PS. 2016. Infections of Hypostomus spp. by Trypanosoma spp. and leeches : a study of hematology and record of these hirudineans as potential vectors of these hemoflagellates. Braz J Vet Parasitol 25(3): 299-305. Morphotype III	95.52	96.14	95.58	1	83.95	86.77	86.06	91.68	90.02	90.03
Fujimoto et al. (2013)FUJIMOTO RY, NEVES MS, SANTOS RFB, SOUZA NS, COUTO MVS, LOPES JNS, DINIZ DG & EIRAS JC. 2013. Morphological and hematological studies of Trypanosoma spp. infecting ornamental armored catfish from Guamá River-PA, Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc 85: 1149-1156.	90.03	89.08	89.67	86.98	1	92.67	89.59	83.25	92.25	87.62
Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype I	87.62	90.02	89.13	90.72	84.72	1	91.78	92.44	84.13	90.79
Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype II	90.79	92.25	91.68	93.99	83.83	96.68	1	93.99	91.55	81.77
Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype III	81.77	84.13	83.25	86.06	82.25	93.23	90.82	1	93.10	93.73
Lemos et al. (2015)LEMOS MBR, FERMINO C, SIMAS-RODRIGUES L, HOFFMANN R & CAMARGO EP. 2015. Phylogenetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomes from Brazilian armored catfishes and leeches reveal high species diversity, mixed infections and a new fish trypanosome species. Parasites and Vectors 8: 573. Morphotype IV	93.73	91.55	92.44	89.59	86.77	81.73	84.84	76.00	1	95.41
Present study	95.41	93.10	93.99	91.78	92.67	83.95	87.09	78.17	94.00	1

Parameters	Non-parasitized fish (n = 19)	Parasitized fish (n = 13)	U	p
Weight (g)	340.6 ± 110.5^a	312.3 ± 125.6^a	111.0	0.631
Length (cm)	32.9 ± 2.9^a	32.1 ± 3.9^a	117.5	0.818
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	99.8 ± 68.8^a	80.0 ± 51.2^a	81.0	0.418
Glucose (mg/dL)	104.1 ± 59.0^a	101.5 ± 53.0^a	91.0	0.719
Red blood cells (x10⁶µL^-1)	2.04 ± 1.33^a	1.80 ± 0.42^a	15.0	0.391
Hematocrit (%)	41.5 ± 9.3^a	44.8 ± 9.2^a	83.0	0.209
Hemoglobin (g dL^-1)	14.8± 6.5^a	10.9 ± 4.5^b	62.0	0.018
MCV (fL)	247.3 ± 110.2^a	239.7 ± 37.1^a	21.0	1.00
MCHC (g/dL)	27.6 ± 12.8^a	34.5 ± 12.9^a	72.0	0.088
White blood cells (µL^-1)	30,710 ± 14,3^a	36,726 ±16,2^a	16.0	0.418
Thrombocytes (µL^-1)	33,595 ± 16,8^a	21,300 ± 12,8^a	15.0	0.398

[1] Correspondence to: Lincoln Lima Corrêa E-mail: lincorre@gmail.com

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Morphometric Characterization of Trypanosoma spp. and blood parameters in Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Pisces: Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract