Macroalgae
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Enteromorpha clathrata
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Alcalase |
Ultrafiltration (UF), sephadex G-15 gel and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) |
PAFG |
35.9 μM |
Non-competitive |
Pan et al. (2016)PAN S, WANG S, JING L & YAO D. 2016. Purification and characterisation of a novel angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptide derived from the enzymatic hydrolysate of Enteromorpha clathrata protein. Food Chem 211: 423-430. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.087.
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Bangia. fusco-purpurea
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Pepsin and trypsin |
Sephadex G-15 column chromatograph, RP-HPLC |
ALLAGDPSVLEDR, VVGGTGPVDEWGIGAR |
57.2 ± 5.0 and 66.2 ± 4.2 μg/mL |
- |
Wu et al. (2016)WU Q ET AL. 2016. Purification and characterization of two novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from R-phycoerythrin of red algae (Bangia fusco-purpurea). Eur Food Res Technol 243: 779-789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-016-2792-z. https://doi.org/.https://doi.org/10.1007...
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Ulva rigida
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Pepsin and bromelain |
UF, sephadex G-25 size exclusion column, RP-HPLC |
IP, AFL |
0.020 and 0.023 mg/mL |
Non-competitive, Competitive |
Paiva et al. (2016)PAIVA L, LIMA E, NETO AI & BAPTISTA J. 2016. Isolation and characterization of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from Ulva rigida C. Agardh protein hydrolysate. J Funct Food 26: 65-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.07.006.
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Palmaria palmata
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Thermolysin |
UF, Sephadex G-25 gel fltration column, RP-HPLC |
LRY |
0.044 μM |
- |
Furuta et al. (2016)FURUTA T, MIYABE Y, YASUI H, KINOSHITA Y & KISHIMURA H. 2016. Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Phycobiliproteins of Dulse Palmaria palmata. Mar Drugs 14(2): 32. doi: 10.3390/md14020032.
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Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis
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Trypsin |
Sephadex G-15 gel fltration column, Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) |
QVEY |
474.36 μM |
- |
Cao et al. (2017)CAO D, LV X, XU X, YU H, SUN X & XU N. 2017. Purification and identification of a novel ACE inhibitory peptide from marine alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis protein hydrolysate. Eur Food Res Technol 243(10): 1829-1837. doi: 10.1007/s00217-017-2886-2.
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Caulerpa lentillifera
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Thermolysin |
UF, RP-HPLC |
FDGIP, AIDPVRA |
58.89 ± 0.68 and 65.76 ± 0.92μM |
Competitive, Competitive |
Joel et al. (2018)JOEL CH, SUTOPO CCY, PRAJITNO A, SU JH & HSU JL. 2018. Screening of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Caulerpa lentillifera. Molecules 23(11): 3005. doi: 10.3390/molecules23113005. PMID: 30453595; PMCID: PMC6278394.
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Ulva luctua
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Papain |
UF, HPLC |
48 differents peptides |
- |
- |
Garcia-Vaquero et al. (2019) |
Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis
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Trypsin |
UF |
FQINMCILR, TGAPCR |
9.64 ± 0.36 and 23.94 ± 0.82 μM |
Non-competitive, Non-competitive |
Deng et al. (2018)DENG Z, LIU Y, WANG J, WU S, GENG L, SUI Z & ZHANG Q. 2018. Antihypertensive Effects of Two Novel Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Peptides from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). Mar Drugs 16(9): 299. doi: 10.3390/md16090299.
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Ulva intestinalis
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Trypsin |
UF, Sephadex G-25 gel fltration column, Sephadex G-15 gel, RP-HPLC |
FGMPLDR, MELVLR |
219.35 and 236.85 μM |
- |
Sun et al. (2019)SUN S, XU X, SUN X, ZHANG X, CHEN X & XU N. 2019. Preparation and Identification of ACE Inhibitory Peptides from the Marine Macroalga Ulva intestinalis. Mar Drugs 17(3): 179. doi: 10.3390/md17030179.
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Microalgae
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Chlorella ellipsoidea
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Alcalase |
UF, Sephadex G-25 gel fltration column, RP-HPLC |
VGGY |
128.4 μM |
Competitive |
Ko et al. (2012)KO SC ET AL. 2012. A novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from a marine Chlorella ellipsoidea and its antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Process Biochem 47(12): 2005-2011. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.07.015.
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Nannochloropsis oculata
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Pepsin |
UF, Sephadex G-25 gel fltration column, RP-HPLC |
GMNNLTP, LEQ |
123 and 173 μM |
- |
Samarakoon et al. (2013)SAMARAKOON KW, O-NAM K, KO JY, LEE JH, KANG MC, KIM D, LEE JB, LEE JS & JEON YJ. 2013. Purification and identification of novel angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from cultured marine microalgae (Nannochloropsis oculata) protein hydrolysate. J Appl Phycol 25(5): 1595-1606. doi: 10.1007/s10811-013-9994-6.
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Isochrysis galbana
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Trypsin |
Sephadex G-25 column, HIC |
YMGLDLK |
36.1 μM |
Non-competitive |
Wu et al. (2014)WU H ET AL. 2014. Hydrolysis and purification of ACE inhibitory peptides from the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana. J Appl Phycol 27: 351-361 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-014-0347-x. https://doi.org/.https://doi.org/10.1007...
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Chlorella sorokiniana
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Protease N |
Sephadex G-15 gel fltration column, HPLC |
WV, VW, IW, LW |
307.61, 0.58, 0.50, and 1.11 μM, |
- |
Lin et al. (2018)LIN YH, CHEN GW, YEH C, SONG H & TSAI JS. 2018. Purification and Identification of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides and the Antihypertensive Effect of Chlorella sorokiniana Protein Hydrolysates. Nutrients 10(10): 1397. doi: 10.3390/nu10101397.
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Chlorella vulgaris
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Pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin (in silico) |
- |
TTW, VHW |
0.61 ± 0.12 and 0.91 ± 0.31 μM |
Non-competitive, Non-competitive |
Xie et al. (2018)XIE J, CHEN X, WU J, ZHANG Y, ZHOU Y, ZHANG L, TANG YJ & WEI D. 2018. Antihypertensive Effects, Molecular Docking Study, and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Assay of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Chlorella vulgaris. J Agric Food Chem 66(6): 1359-1368. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04294.
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