Sample |
Extraction method |
Steps |
Recovery |
Reference |
Cartridgde |
Clean-upa
|
Eluitionb
|
|
|
Líquid |
SPE |
C18 |
H2O / MeOH (9:1) |
AcOEt |
>80% |
Liu et al. 2004LIU R, ZHOU JL AND WILDING A. 2004. Simultaneous determination of endocrine disrupting phenolic compounds and steroids in water by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1022: 179-189.
|
X |
MeOH / H2O (1:9) |
≈95% |
Cai et al. 2003CAI Y, JIANG G, LIU J AND ZHOU Q. 2003. Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as a Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent for the Determination of Bisphenol A, 4-n-Nonylphenol, and 4-tert-Octylphenol (MWNTs) for solid-phase extraction of bisphenol A , 4- n - MWNTs were superior to C 18 for the extraction. Anal Chem 75: 2517-2521.
|
H2O / MeOH (8:2) pH= 2.5 |
MeOH |
Uninformed |
Ciofi et al. 2014CIOFI L, ANCILLOTTI C, CHIUMINATTO U, FIBBI D, CHECCHINI L, ORLANDINI S AND DEL BUBBA M. 2014. Liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenols polyethoxylates, alkylphenoxy carboxylates and alkylphenols in wastewater and surface-water. J Chromatogr A 1362: 75-88.
|
MeOH / H2O (1:9) |
AcOEt / MeOH (6:4) |
≈80% |
Souza 2011SOUZA RR. 2011. De: Desenvolvimento E Validação De Metodologia Endócrinos Resultantes De Atividades Antrópicas Nas Águas Da Região Do Rio Paraíba Do Sul, SP, 186 p.
|
X |
MeOH |
≈70% |
Fabregat-Cabello et al. 2013 |
X |
ACET; HOAc 0.1 % MS MeOH / DCM |
50% |
Petrie et al. 2013PETRIE B, MCADAM EJ, WHELAN MJ, LESTER JN AND CARTMELL E. 2013. The determination of nonylphenol and its precursors in a trickling filter wastewater treatment process. Anal Bioanal Chem 405: 3243-3253.
|
H2O |
DCM |
> 90% |
Martinez and Peñuela 2013 |
HEX / DCM (1:4) |
MeOH / DCM (9:1) |
Uninformed |
De Souza Leite et al. 2010 |
H2O |
DCM / HEX (4:1) |
35% |
Gatidou et al. 2007GATIDOU G, THOMAIDIS NS, STASINAKIS AS AND LEKKAS TD. 2007. Simultaneous determination of the endocrine disrupting compounds nonylphenol, nonylphenol ethoxylates, triclosan and bisphenol A in wastewater and sewage sludge by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1138: 32-41.
|
X |
MeOH |
85% |
Petrovic et al. 2003PETROVIC M, BARCELÓ D, DIAZ A AND VENTURA F. 2003. Low nanogram per liter determination of halogenated nonylphenols, nonylphenol carboxylates, and their non-halogenated precursors in water and sludge by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 14: 516-527.
|
X |
HEX / DCM (9:1) + MeOH / DCM (9:1) |
92% |
Jeannot et al. 2002JEANNOT R, SABIK H, SAUVARD E, DAGNAC T AND DOHRENDORF K. 2002. Determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environmental samples using gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 974: 143-159.
|
X |
DCM / MeOH c/ HOAc (9:1) |
Uninformed |
Díaz et al. 2002DÍAZ A, VENTURA F AND GALCERAN MT. 2002. Simultaneous determination of estrogenic short ethoxy chain nonylphenols and their acidic metabolites in water by an in-sample derivatization/solid-phase microextraction method. Anal Chem 74: 3869-3876.
|
Na2SO4 + DCM |
MeOH |
65% - 84% |
Fiedler et al. 2007FIEDLER S, FOERSTER M, GLASER B AND ZECH W. 2007. Alkylphenols in sediments of the Atlantic Rainforest south-west of São Paulo, Brazil. Chemosphere 66: 212-218.
|
C18 + Zr doped TiO2
|
H2O |
DCM / MeOH (1:9) |
93% |
Su et al. 2012SU XF, ZHAO XN, XIE GH AND ZHOU QX. 2012. Fluorometric determination of nonylphenol in water samples enriched with zirconium doped titanium dioxide nanotubes solid phase extraction. Chinese ChemLett 23: 969-972.
|
Polymeric |
H2O |
HEX / DCM (1:1) |
80% |
Terzopoulou et al. 2014TERZOPOULOU E, VOUTSA D AND KAKLAMANOS G. 2014. A multi-residue method for determination of 70 organic micropollutants in surface waters by solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22: 1095-1112.
|
MeOH / H2O (4:6) + H2O + MeOH / MH4OH / H2O (10:2:88) |
MeOH / ETHER (1:9) |
≈50% |
Jeannot et al. 2002JEANNOT R, SABIK H, SAUVARD E, DAGNAC T AND DOHRENDORF K. 2002. Determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environmental samples using gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 974: 143-159.
|
X |
ACET + MeOH |
89% - 92% |
Kuch and Ballschmiter 2001 |
H2O |
ACN / DCM (1:1) |
73% |
Azevedo et al. 2001AZEVEDO DDA, LACORTE S, VIANA P AND BARCELÓ D. 2001. Occurrence of Nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A in Surface Waters from Portugal. J Braz Chem Soc 12: 532-537.
|
X |
MeOH (3 ciclos) |
70% |
Montagner and Jardim 2011 |
X |
MeOH |
≈72% |
Sodré et al. 2010aSODRÉ FF, PESCARA IC, MONTAGNER CC AND JARDIM WF. 2010a. Assessing selected estrogens and xenoestrogens in Brazilian surface waters by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 96: 92-98.
|
X |
ACET + MeOH |
70% |
Sodré et al. 2010bSODRÉ FF, LOCATELLI MAF AND JARDIM WF. 2010b. Occurrence of emerging contaminants in Brazilian drinking waters: A sewage-to-tap issue. Water Air Soil Poll 206: 57-67.
|
Ultrasound + SPE |
OSTROTM 96 |
Ultrasound: 3 cycles 120 s ACN/H2O (3:1) |
MeOH |
80% |
Huerta et al. 2015HUERTA B, JAKIMSKA A, LLORCA M, RUHÍ A, MARGOUTIDIS G, ACUÑA V AND SABATER S. 2015. Development of an extraction and purification method for the determination of multi-class pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in freshwater invertebrates. Talanta 132: 373-381.
|
LLE |
X |
Column with Na2SO4 anhydrous |
Solution aqueous / organic solvent (20:1) pH=3 / 20 min |
81% - 87% |
Cruceru et al. 2012CRUCERU I, IANCU V, PETRE J, BADEA IA AND VLADESCU L. 2012. HPLC-FLD determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples. Environ Monit Assess 184: 2783-2795.
|
X |
Syringe with Silica gel + wool + Na2SO4
|
1) DCM + HEX 2) MeOH |
86% |
Oketola and Fagbemigun 2013 |
DLLME |
Disperser solvent: 0.5 mL MeOH Extractor solvent: 50 µL 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate Separation: Centrifugation (3 minutes, 6000 rpm) |
93.5% |
Sun et al. 2013SUN A, XU Q AND YU X. 2013. Determination of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol in water using ionic liquid dispersive liquid phase microextraction. Pol J Environ Stud 22: 899-907.
|
SPME |
Sample + NaCl + magnetic stirring NaOH + internal standard + derivatization reagent (DMS + DES + MNNG) thermostated water bath 60 ºC + fiber (CW/DVB) + stirring (900 rpm) Desorption fiber (headspace) 250 ºC for 3 minutes |
Uninformed |
Díaz et al. 2002DÍAZ A, VENTURA F AND GALCERAN MT. 2002. Simultaneous determination of estrogenic short ethoxy chain nonylphenols and their acidic metabolites in water by an in-sample derivatization/solid-phase microextraction method. Anal Chem 74: 3869-3876.
|
Sample + NaCl + magnetic stirring + fiber (CW/DVB) Desorption fiber (headspace) 250º C for 5 minutes |
Uninformed |
Hernández et al. 2007HERNÁNDEZ F, PORTOLÉS T, PITARCH E AND LÓPEZ FJ. 2007. Target and nontarget screening of organic micropollutants in water by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography/high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 79: 9494-9504.
|
Solid |
Soxlet |
4 hours ; 90 °C; HEX |
54% |
Bernacka et al. 2009BERNACKA J, CHABER P, KONDZIELSKI I AND POLUBIEC E. 2009. 4-Nonylphenols and Their Ethoxylates in Sewage Sludge From Polish Municipal Wastewater. Environ Prot Eng 35: 65-79.
|
4 hours; MeOH; Dilution of the methanolic extract in H2O / MeOH (7:3) and extraction by cartridge C18 |
72% |
Jeannot et al. 2002JEANNOT R, SABIK H, SAUVARD E, DAGNAC T AND DOHRENDORF K. 2002. Determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environmental samples using gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 974: 143-159.
|
Ultrasound |
30 minutes; 50 °C; MeOH / H2O (2:1) |
63% |
Gatidou et al. 2007GATIDOU G, THOMAIDIS NS, STASINAKIS AS AND LEKKAS TD. 2007. Simultaneous determination of the endocrine disrupting compounds nonylphenol, nonylphenol ethoxylates, triclosan and bisphenol A in wastewater and sewage sludge by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1138: 32-41.
|
5 minutes; ACET |
≈65% |
Lara-Marín et al. 2012 |
5 g dry sample + 25 mL DCM / HEX (2:1) 15 minutes Centrifugation: 1500 rpm 5 minutes Concentration and drying with Na2SO4
|
78% |
Oketola and Fagbemigun 2013 |
Ultrasound + SPE |
3 cycles de 30 minutes; 50 °C; MeOH Cartridge: polymeric; Clean-up: H2O; Elution: MeOH / DCM |
≈98% |
Ömeroğlu et al. 2015ÖMEROĞLU S, MURDOCH FK AND SANIN FD. 2015. Investigation of nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates in sewage sludge samples from a metropolitan wastewater treatment plant in Turkey. Talanta 131: 650-655.
|
PLE |
sample + Na2SO4 Extractor solvent: ACET / MeOH (1:1 Temperature: 75 ºC and pressure 1500 psi per 5 minutes Concentration of the extract by rotary evaporator Purification: cartridge C18 |
81% |
Petrovic et al. 2003PETROVIC M, BARCELÓ D, DIAZ A AND VENTURA F. 2003. Low nanogram per liter determination of halogenated nonylphenols, nonylphenol carboxylates, and their non-halogenated precursors in water and sludge by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 14: 516-527.
|
ASE |
2 cycles de 12 minutes Solvent: MeOH (60% vol extraction cell) Argon purge cycles of 1 minute Purification: Na2SO4 + 15 mL MeOH |
65% - 84% |
Fiedler et al. 2007FIEDLER S, FOERSTER M, GLASER B AND ZECH W. 2007. Alkylphenols in sediments of the Atlantic Rainforest south-west of São Paulo, Brazil. Chemosphere 66: 212-218.
|