Folk name |
Camarão sete-barbas |
Camarão sete-barbas (Costa et al. 2007COSTA RC, FRANSOZO A, FREIRE FAM & CASTILHO AL. 2007. Abundance and ecological distribution of the “sete-barbas” shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda, Penaeoidae) in the three bays of de Ubatuba region, south-eastern Brazil. Gulf Carib Res 19: 33-41., Castilho et al. 2015CASTILHO AL, BAUER RT, FREIRE FAM, FRANSOZO V, COSTA RC, GRABOWSKI RC & FRANSOZO A. 2015. Lifespan and reproductive dynamics of the commercially important sea bob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Penaeoidea): synthesis of a 5-year study. J Crustacean Biol 35: 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1163/1937240X-00002300.). |
Habitat/Migration |
“This shrimp can be found only at sea.” “You cannot find it in rivers.” |
The entire cycle occurs in open sea or in coastal environments under the influence of saline waters, and it occurs in bays but never in estuaries (Costa et al. 2003COSTA RC, FRANSOZO A, MELO GM & FREIRE FAM. 2003. Chave ilustrada para a identificação dos camarões dendrobranchiata do litoral norte de São Paulo, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 3: 1-12.). |
“We fished more amounts close to the coast up to 20 meters deep.” |
In general, it lives exclusively in the marine environment throughout its life cycle, and its greatest abundances are reported in shallow depths (< 30 m) (Silva et al. 2018SILVA SLR, SANTOS R, COSTA R & HIROSE G. 2018. Growth and population structure of the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Decapoda: Penaeidae) on the continental shelf of Sergipe, Brazil. J Mar Biol Assoc Uk 99: 81-92. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417002041.). |
“There are always small and large shrimp in the same region.” |
All phases of the life cycle - larvae, juveniles and adults - occur in the same region in coastal areas, including bays with salinity above 30 (Branco 2005BRANCO JO. 2005. Biologia e pesca do camarão sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Penaeidae), na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina. Brasil. Rev Bras Zool 22: 1050-1062.). |
“They stay in the same region.” |
The species spends its entire life cycle in the same environment, and it does not depend on estuaries for the development of juveniles (Castro et al. 2005CASTRO RH, COSTA RC, FRANSOZO A & MANTELATTO FLM. 2005. Population structure of seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea: Penaeoidea) in the littoral of São Paulo, Brazil. Sci Mar 69: 105-112.). |
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Development/ Longevity |
“Fast growth.” “Today, it is small; tomorrow, it may be large” |
Rapid growth (Flores-Hernandéz et al. 2006FLORES-HERNANDÉZ D, MIRANDA RJ & CRIOLLO FG. 2006. Evaluación de la pesquería de camarón siete barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) em el sur del Golfo de México. Bol Inf Jaina 16: 61-66., Fernandes et al. 2011FERNANDES LP, SILVA AC, JARDIM LP, KEUNECKE KA & DI BENEDITTO APM. 2011. Growth and recruitment of the Atlantic seabob shrimp, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda, Penaeidae), on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Crustaceana 84: 1465-1480., Heckler et al. 2013HECKLER GS, SIMÕES SM, SANTOS APF, FRANSOZO A & COSTA RC. 2013. Population dynamics of the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Dendrobranchiata, Penaeidae) in south-eastern Brazil. Afr J Mar Sci 35: 17-24. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2013.769901.). |
“They have eggs.” |
During their life cycle, the shrimp go through a larval phase (eggs) (Dall et al. 1990DALL W, HILL BJ, ROTHLISBERG PC & SHARPLES DJ. 1990. The biology of the 559 Penaeidae. Adv Mar Biol 27: 1-489.). |
“Females carry the eggs.” “There are times when we only catch females with eggs.” |
In Dendrobranchiata, female shrimp release the eggs directly into the water (Costa et al. 2003COSTA RC, FRANSOZO A, MELO GM & FREIRE FAM. 2003. Chave ilustrada para a identificação dos camarões dendrobranchiata do litoral norte de São Paulo, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 3: 1-12.). |
Lack of information |
Longevity is approximately 18 months (Neiva & Wise 1963NEIVA GS & WISE JP. 1963. The biology and fishery of the sea bob shrimp of Santos Bay, Brazil. Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 16: 131-139., Anger 2001ANGER K. 2001. The biology of decapod crustacean larvae: Crustacean. Balkema Publishers, 419 p., Reis et al. 2017REIS JC, FREIRE K, ROSA L, BARRETO TMRR & PAULY D. 2017. Population dynamics of Atlantic seabob Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Decapoda: Penaeidae) off the state of Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil. J Mar Biol Assoc Uk 99: 143-153., Silva et al. 2018SILVA SLR, SANTOS R, COSTA R & HIROSE G. 2018. Growth and population structure of the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Decapoda: Penaeidae) on the continental shelf of Sergipe, Brazil. J Mar Biol Assoc Uk 99: 81-92. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417002041.). |
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Reproduction/ Recruitment |
“Reproduces year-round.” “Here, it is small; on the bottom or in another place, it can be large.” “There are always small and large.” |
Advanced maturation females are found year-round in Brazil (Castro et al. 2005CASTRO RH, COSTA RC, FRANSOZO A & MANTELATTO FLM. 2005. Population structure of seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea: Penaeoidea) in the littoral of São Paulo, Brazil. Sci Mar 69: 105-112., Martins et al. 2013MARTINS AS, PINHEIRO HT & LEITE JÚNIOR NO. 2013. Biologia reprodutiva do camarão sete-barbas no centro sul e sul do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Bol Inst Pesca 39: 205-215.). |
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Predator |
“Small fish.” |
Small fish (Camargo & Isaac 2004CAMARGO M & ISAAC V. 2004. Food categories reconstruction and feeding consumption estimates for the Sciaenid Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider), and the congeneric fishes Stellifer rastrifer (Jordan) and Stellifer naso (Jordan) (Pisces, Perciformes) in the Caeté Estuary, Northern Coast of Brazil. Rev Bras Zoo 21: 85-89.). |
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Prey |
“Algae, moss, or similar.” |
Benthic microalgae, organic matter, feeding on both benthic animals and primary food sources (Branco & Moritz-Junior 2001BRANCO JO & MORITZ-JUNIOR HC. 2001. Natural feeding of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) (Crustacea, Decapoda) in the Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha Santa Catarina. Rev Bras Zool 18: 53-61., Willems et al. 2016WILLEMS T, DE BACKER T A, KERKHOVE T, DAKRIET NN, DE TROCH M, VINCX M & HOSTENS K. 2016. Trophic ecology of Atlantic seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri: intertidal benthic microalgae support the subtidal food web off Suriname. Estuar Coast Shelf S 182: 146-157.). |
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