Interleukin-17A in Egyptian leprosy patients: a clinical, genetic, and biochemical study

Farag, Azza Gaber Antar; Labeeb, Azza Zagloul; Gerges, Amany Nagy Abdalla; Elshaib, Mustafa Elsayed

doi:10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.016

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • An. Bras. Dermatol. 97 (6) • Nov-Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.016 copy

Interleukin-17A in Egyptian leprosy patients: a clinical, genetic, and biochemical study^☆ ☆ Study conducted at the Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Background:

Leprosy represents a long-term communicable disease resulting from Mycobacterium leprae infection. IL-17A is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that protects humans against many fungal and bacterial pathogens.

Objective:

To investigate IL-17A (rs2275913) gene polymorphism and its circulating level in leprosy patients, and to correlate the detected results with different clinical aspects of leprosy in the investigated patients.

Methods:

60 patients with leprosy, and 29 age and sex-matched volunteers were investigated for IL-17A serum level and IL-17A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by ELISA and RFLP-PCR respectively.

Results:

IL-17A serum level was significantly higher in leprosy patients than in controls (p = 0.034), and in TL than LL (p = 0.017). IL-17A (rs2275913 A/G) G allele and GG genotype were associated significantly with LL (p = 0.005and 0.001 respectively). IL-17A (rs2275913 A/G) AG genotype carriers demonstrated the highest IL-17A serum levels; however, its lowest levels were found in IL-17A (rs2275913 A/G) AA genotype carriers (p = 0.005). Grade 2 disability (p = 0.030) and positive slit skin smear (SSS) (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with IL-17A (rs2275913 A/G) GG genotype.

Study limitations:

The small number of studied subjects.

Conclusions:

IL -17A may have a pivotal role in leprosy pathogenesis. IL-17A (rs2275913) GG genotype plus G allele might be related to the development of LL in the Egyptian population.

KEYWORDS
Interleukin-17A; Leprosy; Polymorphism, single nucleotide

Socio-demographic characteristics	Patients (n = 60)	Controls (n = 29)	Test of significance	p-value
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	51.97± 13.67	45.92 ± 14.16
Median	52	51	U	0.056
Range	19–82	16–78	test= 1.93
Gender	n (%)	n (%)	χ²
Males	44 (73.3)	23 (79.3)
Females	16 (26.7)	6 (20.7)	0.38	0.540
Residence
Rural	50 (83.3)	22 (75.9)
Urban	10 (16.7)	7 (24.1)	0.71	0.401
Occupation
Working	47 (78.3)	18 (62.1)
Not working^a a Not working included students and retired.	13 (21.7)	11 (37.9)	2.63	0.105
Socio-economic level
High	1 (1.7)	8 (27.5)
Middle	5 (8.3)	11 (37.9)	30.89	<0.001^b b Significant.
Low	54 (90.0)	10 (34.5)
Family history for leprosy
Positive	8 (13.3)	0
Negative	52 (86.7)	29 (100.0)	4.25	0.039^b b Significant.
Type of leprosy
TL	15 (25)
BL	20 (33.3)	-	-	-
LL	25 (41.7)
Degree of disability
Grade 0	15 (41.7)
Grade 1	10 (16.7)	-	-	-
Grade 2	25 (41.7)
Slit skin smear		-	-	-
Positive	35 (58.3)
Negative	25 (41.7)
Disease duration (years)
Mean ± SD	7.10 ± 5.14
Median	6	-	-	-
Range	2 months–25

IL-17A	Patients (n = 60)	Controls (n = 29)	test	p-value
Serum IL-17A (pg/mL)
Mean ± SD	4.84 ±6.79	2.04 ± 2.25
Median	2.68	2.44	U = 2.03	0.034^a a Significant.
Range	1.5–30.03	1.41 –22.44
IL-17A (rs2275913) SNP	n (%)	n (%)	χ
Genotypes
GG	35 (58.3)	16 (55.2)
AG	15 (25.0)	7 (24.1)	0.22	0.898
AA	10 (16.7)	6 (20.7)
Alleles	(n = 120)	(n = 58)
G	85 (70.8)	39 (67.2)
A	35 (29.2)	19 (32.8)	0.24	0.625

IL-17A	Patients (n = 60)			p^a a Krukall-Wallis test was used.	P1^b b Mann-Whitney test was used.	P2^b b Mann-Whitney test was used.	P3^b b Mann-Whitney test was used.
	TL (n = 15)	BL (n = 20)	LL (n = 25)
Serum IL-17A(pg/mL)
Mean ± SD	4.52±5.87	7.48± 10.10	2.91±1.69
Median	3.10	2.65	2.54	0.059	0.230	0.017^c c Significant.	0.253
Range	1.52–25.6	1.74–30.03	1.59 –10.63
IL-17A (rs2275913) SNP	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)		χ²	χ²	χ²
Genotypes
GG	6 (40.0)	10 (50.0)	19 (76.0)
AG	8 (53.3)	2 (10.0)	5 (20.0)	0.001^c c Significant.	0.009^c c Significant.	0.071	0.011^c c Significant.
AA	1 (6.7)	8 (40.0)	1 (4.0)
Alleles	(n = 30)	(n = 40)	(n = 50)
G	20 (66.7)	22 (55.0)	43 (86.0)	0.005^c c Significant.	0.324	0.041^c c Significant.	0.001^c c Significant.
A	10 (33.3)	18 (45.0)	7 (14.0)

IL-17A (rs2275913) genotypes	Serum IL-17A levels (pg/mL)
	Patients (n = 60)	Controls (n = 29)
GG
Mean ± SD	4.95 ±7.28	4.65 ±5.56
Median	2.6	2.48
Range	1.52–30.03	1.71–22.44
AG
Mean ± SD	6.08 ±7.76	2.39±0.65
Median	3.11	2.20
Range	1.59–25.60	1.64–3.54
AA
Mean ± SD	2.59±0.57	2.42 ±0.77
Median	2.55	2.52
Range	1.74–3.94	1.41–3.64
Kruskall-Wallis test	10.69	1.37
p-value	0.005^a a Significant.	0.505

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E-mail: revista@sbd.org.br

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[1] ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail: azzagaber92@yahoo.com (A.G. Farag).

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Interleukin-17A in Egyptian leprosy patients: a clinical, genetic, and biochemical study☆ ☆ Study conducted at the Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background:

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Study limitations:

Conclusions:

Interleukin-17A in Egyptian leprosy patients: a clinical, genetic, and biochemical study^☆ ☆ Study conducted at the Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.